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Description

This is a tachi by Tomomitsu of the Bizen Osafune school, dating to the Nanbokucho period. It features a nagasa of 73.2cm, a high sori, and a clear utsuri. The blade is designated as a Tokubetsu Juyo Token by the NBTHK.

NBTHK Setsumei

Tokubetsu-Jūyō-Tōken, 23rd Session — Designated April 23, 2014 Tachi, mei: Osafune Norimitsu (倫光) Measurements Nagasa 73.2 cm, sori 2.4 cm, motohaba 2.75 cm, sakihaba 2.05 cm, kissaki-nagasa 4.25 cm, nakago-nagasa 20.0 cm, nakago-sori 0.2 cm Description Keijō: shinogi-zukuri, iori-mune; somewhat wide mihaba with little difference between base and tip width; kasane is thin; high koshizori with additional curvature toward the tip; elongated chū-kissaki. Kitae: itame-hada mixed in places with mokume; fine ji-nie; fine chikei enter; midare-utsuri appears vividly. Hamon: kataochi-gunome as the main pattern, mixed with gunome-chōji-like elements and togariba; at times the midare shows saka-gakari and kaku-gakari tendencies; with ashi and yō; nioi-gachi; in the lower half nie attaches; small tobiyaki appear; slight sunagashi runs. Bōshi: midare-komi; on the omote it becomes hakikake, turning back pointedly; on the ura it is ko-maru. Horimono: On both sides, bō-hi with maru-dome; below these, on the omote a bonji and a gyō-style kurikara; on the ura three bonji and a su-ken (plain sword). Nakago: suriage; ha-agari kurijiri; yasurime: (old) somewhat deep katte-sagari, (new) katte-sagari; one mekugi-ana; on the lower half of the omote, near the mune, there is a finely chiseled six-character signature. Artisan Bizen Province Osafune Norimitsu. Era Nanbokuchō period. Explanation Norimitsu was a swordsmith of the Osafune group in Bizen during the Nanbokuchō period. He was one of the smiths within the circle of Kanemitsu, and one tradition even transmits that he was Kanemitsu’s younger brother. Dates found on extant works range from the Jōwa era through the Eiwa era. As for his manner of work, he is particularly adept at a large-scale midare based on notare; within the group he stands closest to Kanemitsu in style, and in terms of workmanship there are examples that approach the level of his master. From the placement of the horimono and of the inscription, it may be inferred that this tachi was originally of considerable length, exceeding 2 shaku 7 sun. Although it is now shortened, its form retains precious evidence of the tachi silhouette of its time: the difference between base and tip widths is not conspicuous, the kasane is thin, the koshizori is high with added curvature toward the tip, and the chū-kissaki is extended. The forging shows itame mixed with patches of mokume; fine ji-nie covers the surface, with fine chikei, and a vivid midare-utsuri emerges clearly. The temper is nioi-gachi and, centering on kataochi-gunome, mixes gunome and togariba; within the midare, saka-gakari and kaku-gakari tendencies are also seen—features frequently encountered among works of the Kanemitsu lineage. Many of Norimitsu’s better works are based on notare; however, he also finishes works of the present type skillfully. Accordingly, this blade may be regarded as valuable material through which one can perceive both the breadth of his expressive range and the certainty of his technique. Furthermore, the kurikara carving on the omote finds comparable examples—such as the tachi by Norimitsu held by the Kurokawa Institute of Ancient Cultures—making it documentary valuable material for understanding the characteristic approach to horimono seen on Osafune works of the same period.

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tachiTokubetsu Jūyō
Osafune Tomomitsu

Tachi: Bizen Osafune Tomomitsu

mei · Osafune · Teiwa (1345-1350) ND · nagasa 73.2cm · sori 2.4cm

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Measurements & details
Smith
Osafune Tomomitsu
Type
Tachi
School
Osafune
Period
Around 1345–1370(Teiwa ND)
Province
Bizen
Signature
Signed(44% of this smith's designated works are signed)
Measurements
Nagasa 73.2cmSori 2.4cmMotohaba 2.75cmSakihaba 2.05cmKasane 0.6cm
Description

This is a tachi by Tomomitsu of the Bizen Osafune school, dating to the Nanbokucho period. It features a nagasa of 73.2cm, a high sori, and a clear utsuri. The blade is designated as a Tokubetsu Juyo Token by the NBTHK.

NBTHK Zufu Commentary

Tokuju #23

AI translation — may contain errors

-, 23rd Session — Designated April 23, 2014

, : Norimitsu (倫光)

Measurements 73.2 cm, 2.4 cm, 2.75 cm, 2.05 cm, 4.25 cm, 20.0 cm, 0.2 cm

Description Keijō: , ; somewhat wide with little difference between base and tip width; is thin; high with additional curvature toward the tip; elongated . : mixed in places with ; fine ; fine enter; appears vividly. : as the main pattern, mixed with gunome-chōji-like elements and ; at times the shows and -gakari tendencies; with and ; ; in the lower half attaches; small appear; slight runs. : ; on the it becomes , turning back pointedly; on the it is . : On both sides, with ; below these, on the a and a gyō-style ; on the three and a su- (plain sword). : ; ; : (old) somewhat deep , (new) ; one ; on the lower half of the , near the , there is a finely chiseled six-character signature.

Artisan Province Norimitsu.

Era period.

Explanation Norimitsu was a swordsmith of the group in during the period. He was one of the smiths within the circle of Kanemitsu, and one tradition even transmits that he was Kanemitsu’s younger brother. Dates found on extant works range from the Jōwa era through the Eiwa era. As for his manner of work, he is particularly adept at a large-scale based on ; within the group he stands closest to Kanemitsu in style, and in terms of workmanship there are examples that approach the level of his master.

From the placement of the and of the inscription, it may be inferred that this was originally of considerable length, exceeding 2 7 . Although it is now shortened, its form retains precious evidence of the silhouette of its time: the difference between base and tip widths is not conspicuous, the is thin, the is high with added curvature toward the tip, and the is extended.

The forging shows mixed with patches of ; fine covers the surface, with fine , and a vivid emerges clearly. The temper is and, centering on , mixes and ; within the , and -gakari tendencies are also seen—features frequently encountered among works of the Kanemitsu lineage.

Many of Norimitsu’s better works are based on ; however, he also finishes works of the present type skillfully. Accordingly, this blade may be regarded as valuable material through which one can perceive both the breadth of his expressive range and the certainty of his technique. Furthermore, the carving on the finds comparable examples—such as the by Norimitsu held by the Kurokawa Institute of Ancient Cultures—making it documentary valuable material for understanding the characteristic approach to seen on works of the period.

[ 24]

About the maker

Tomomitsu

倫光

Osafune (Kanemitsu school) · Bizen · around 1345-1370

Fujishiro Jo-jo saku · Tōken Taikan top 10%

1 piece on the market now

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The largest of Tomomitsu's signed works is the great odachi of Futarasan Shrine in Nikko, a National Treasure dated Joji 5 (1366). The published record cites it from the first Juyo session as "the largest of his signed works"[[c:1]] and in the most recent as "the pinnacle of Osafune Tomomitsu"[[c:2]], anchoring the carving of new submissions against it. Tomomitsu (倫光) was a swordsmith of the Bizen Osafune mainline in the Nanbokucho period, introduced by the NBTHK with one unvarying sentence: "one of the students of Kanemitsu, and by one tradition even said to have been Kanemitsu's younger brother"[[c:3]]. The modern formula runs his dated work from Jowa to Eiwa, 1345 to 1379; the dated blades on the official record carry nengo from Bunna through Oan. The same formula places him within the school: closest of all to Kanemitsu's manner, his rank of work "pressing the master himself"[[c:4]]. Fujishiro grades him Jo-jo saku.

His own hand, the published sources repeat, is "the easygoing, gentle midare led by notare"[[c:5]], most often a ko-notare mixing gunome, ko-gunome, pointed and somewhat angular teeth. The criterion is given in so many words: such a blade "is to be judged Tomomitsu from the point that the crests of the notare tend slightly to points"[[c:6]]. Ashi and yo enter, the temper leans to nioi with ko-nie, and kinsuji and sunagashi work through it; the boshi runs midare-komi, usually finishing pointed, at times swept with hakikake. Horimono mark his blades far more often than the rest of the school: beyond the bo-hi the record draws bonji, gomabashi, paired futasuji-hi, the three-pronged ken and above all the kurikara, the grass-style form of which "is a peculiar carving scarcely met with outside this smith and Kanemitsu"[[c:7]]; the Futarasan odachi and a signed tachi in the Kurokawa Institute of Ancient Cultures carry the reference examples.

The jigane is itame mixed with mokume, ji-nie attaching and fine chikei entering; on the tachi and katana a midare-utsuri rises, while the hira-zukuri pieces lean to a sugu-style or bo-utsuri. Here the published sources separate him from his master with unusual candor: the first Juyo session records that "compared with Kanemitsu his jigane is inferior, and many works tend somewhat to stand"[[c:8]], and the recent formula repeats the division in kinder terms: close to Kanemitsu, yet marked as Tomomitsu by the slightly standing jigane and the unhurried notare base.

The shape of what survives was set out in the first session: "tanto and short wakizashi survive signed in comparative numbers, but the tachi are almost all unsigned"[[c:9]]. His tachi were mostly the long blades of the Enbun-Joji fashion, wide, with little taper and an extended chu-kissaki, and they come down as o-suriage mumei katana; the signed and dated work concentrates in the wide, sunnobi, hira-zukuri tanto and wakizashi, two carrying the incised invocation Hachiman Daibosatsu[[c:10]]. The signature is the six-character long mei Bishu Osafune Tomomitsu[[c:11]], smallish, often in a fine chisel, set toward the mune, with the date on the ura; twenty-eight of the designated blades are signed against thirty-one unsigned. The gold inlays on the shortened blades, kinzogan-mei of Hon'ami Kojo, Koyu and Sato Kanzan and a kinpun-mei of Hon'ami Koson, are attributions by later appraisers, not signatures; one Juyo katana keeps its original mei folded back as an orikaeshi-mei. An early entry raises, and leaves open, the question of two generations of the same name[[c:12]].

Two side manners flank the notare. On signed work of Joji and Oan he also worked the older spine of the school: a midare led by kataochi-gunome or squared, angular teeth; the sources hold such a tachi against his notare masterpieces and call it proof of "the breadth of his working range and the sureness of his technique"[[c:13]], while a small kataochi tanto recalls Kagemitsu and Kanemitsu and "at first sight could be mistaken for a Kamakura-period piece"[[c:14]]. Among the unsigned attributions stands a markedly nie-strong group[[c:15]], where yubashiri and small tobiyaki appear along the temper and the pointed boshi completes what the record names "the Soden-Bizen character"[[c:16]]. Its emblem is the great hocho-gata wakizashi of Yasukuni Shrine, recorded with its koshirae in Matsudaira Sadanobu's Shuko-jisshu (集古十種) as the sword of Egara Tenmangu in Kamakura, handed down of old as a work of Masamune, "a celebrated piece famous since antiquity"[[c:17]]; the modern judges read its vivid utsuri, notare-led midare and pointed boshi as a Bizen smith under Soshu influence; its kurikara, close to that of the Futarasan odachi, settles the attribution. In inverse, the kataochi-gunome that defines Kagemitsu and Kanemitsu recedes in him, and suguha falls away almost entirely. The record sets him beside the other Kanemitsu students, Hidemitsu, Masamitsu and Motomitsu, whose works resemble the master while falling a step short; no successor line is drawn for him.

Sixty-four designated works stand on the official record: the Futarasan National Treasure, two Important Cultural Properties, eight Tokubetsu Juyo and fifty-one Juyo, fifty-nine in the Tokubetsu Juyo and Juyo tiers. The provenance roll runs through the great houses: the first Juyo session's signed tachi of Oan 6 came down in the Yamauchi family, lords of Tosa; the Tokubetsu Juyo katana with the gold-inlaid attribution descended in the Echizen Matsudaira family as the reputed sword of Matsudaira Shungaku, with a Genroku 7 (1694) origami of Hon'ami Kojo; another katana, bestowed by Ii Naomasa on his retainer Suzuki Iwami no Kami Shigeyoshi, was later presented to the Mito Tokugawa family; other pieces passed through the Okubo lords of Odawara and the statesman Ito Miyoji. The National Treasure and the Important Cultural Properties, three blades, are patrimony held permanently outside the market, the odachi at Futarasan Shrine and the wakizashi at Yasukuni with its Shuko-jisshu koshirae. What a private collector may realistically encounter lies in the Tokubetsu Juyo and Juyo tiers, most of it the o-suriage mumei katana cut down from his grand tachi; a signed and dated tanto or wakizashi is the rarer event, and an ubu signed tachi rarer still; the first session already observed that tachi of ordinary length were few from his hand. A Tomomitsu reaches the market only from time to time, recognized when it does by the easy notare whose crests tend slightly to points.

Historical importance

Where Tomomitsu stands among comparable artisans: across all of nihontō, and within tradition, era, and period. The tiers (Foremost · Leading · Major · Notable) weigh official designations from the NBTHK and Japan's Agency for Cultural Affairs, together with historical honors of lasting repute such as the Sansaku and Meibutsu-chō.

随一
Foremost
屈指
Leading
有数
Major
著名
Notable

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Designation record
61 designated works
Kokuhō (National Treasure)
1
Jūyō Bunkazai
2
Jūyō Bijutsuhin
2
Tokubetsu Jūyō
8
Jūyō
48
1 work by Tomomitsu on the market→
Tomomitsu — full profileOsafune (Kanemitsu school) school

Dated Works

Years he was demonstrably active, proven by signed-and-dated blades

Active period
1358–1370Editorial estimate: 1345–1370
11 of 25 designated works carry a date
1350
1360
1370
About the school

Osafune

長船

Bizen-den · Bizen

Phase: Sōden-Bizen相伝備前· 1330–1394

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The Soden Bizen school encompasses the group of Nanbokucho-period Osafune smiths in Bizen Province whose work absorbed the technical influence of the Soshu-den, producing a distinctive synthesis that stands apart from both orthodox Bizen and pure Sagami practice. The school divides into two principal lineages: the Kanemitsu group, representing the direct main line of Osafune that descends from Mitsutada through Nagamitsu and Kagemitsu; and the Chogi group, a collateral branch whose members carried the Soshu idiom to its most expressive extremes within Bizen. Kanemitsu, the chakuryu heir of Kagemitsu, pioneered the broad, relaxed notare-based midare that defines the mature Nanbokucho Osafune manner, while Chogi -- described by the NBTHK as the smith "who departs furthest from Bizen" among Bizen makers -- pushed nie-dominant forging to a level that rivals the output of the great Sagami smiths themselves. Together with disciples and contemporaries including Tomomitsu, Motomitsu, Masamitsu, Yoshimitsu, Kanenaga, Nagashige, and Nagamori, they constitute one of the most prolific and technically accomplished groups in the history of Japanese swordsmithing. The school's collective technical identity is anchored in a shared jigane of itame-hada mixed with mokume, with fine ji-nie adhering thickly, chikei entering well, and midare-utsuri standing out -- a persistent Bizen hallmark that survives even in the most Soshu-inflected work. The sugata overwhelmingly reflects the grand Nanbokucho taihai: wide mihaba with little taper between base and tip, and an extended chu-kissaki or o-kissaki conveying martial vigor. Within this shared framework, two distinct temperaments emerge.

" Yoshimitsu likewise inherits the small-pattern tendency, producing ko-gunome mixed with ko-choji whose restraint the NBTHK praises as "upper rank" Soden Bizen. The Chogi lineage, by contrast, emphasizes powerful nie in both ji and ha: Chogi's flamboyant large-scale midare weaves together gunome, choji, togariba, and koshi-hiraki forms with tobiyaki and yubashiri scattering freely, while kinsuji and sunagashi streak through the hardened edge. " Nagashige, now thought to be Chogi's elder brother rather than his junior, works a gentler, smaller-patterned midare yet with nie so strong as to "even surpass Chogi," while Nagamori occupies an intermediate position, his "somewhat smaller patterning" accompanied by rich internal activity. The historical significance of the Soden Bizen school lies in its demonstration that the Soshu influence, far from merely displacing Bizen conventions, catalyzed an extraordinary expansion of the Osafune repertoire. " The NBTHK's evaluative language across the school converges on consistent themes: the forging is "meticulous" and "excellent-quality," the nioiguchi "bright and clear," and the finest examples display a kenzen condition that attests to the soundness of Bizen steel at its peak. The abundance of dated inscriptions -- from Kanemitsu's forty-five-year span through Masamitsu's four-decade career extending into the early Muromachi period -- provides an unusually well-documented chronological framework, with later works by Masamitsu and Yoshimitsu pointing toward the subsequent development of Oei Bizen. Within the broader canon, the Soden Bizen school stands as the fullest realization of the creative possibilities that emerged when two of Japan's greatest forging traditions met and merged. Learn more →

113 recorded smiths2013 designated works
Leading smiths
SmithEraDesignated
Mitsutada光忠1238-123960
Nagamitsu長光1274-1304244
Kagemitsu景光1303-1336143
Kanemitsu兼光1323-1370231
Sanenaga眞長1299-130964
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Historical context

Sixty years of war between two courts drove blades long and broad, and Osafune met the demand: Kanemitsu and Chōgi led forges serving the provincial warriors who did the fighting, while Sōshū influence arrived with the armies to create Sōden-Bizen.

Bizen in the Nanbokuchō period →

NBTHK Certificate
Tokubetsu Jūyō Tōken特別重要刀剣
Especially Important Sword
›

The NBTHK’s highest grade, reserved for the rare Jūyō blades of exceptional artistry, condition, and historical value, judged on par with a nationally designated Important Cultural Property (Jūyō Bunkazai).

Only 1,211 swords have ever reached Tokubetsu Jūyō, about 1 in 2,064 registered blades.

About the NBTHK›

The NBTHK (Nihon Bijutsu Tōken Hozon Kyōkai, the Society for the Preservation of Japanese Art Swords) is a public-interest incorporated foundation founded in 1948 and supervised by Japan’s Agency for Cultural Affairs (Bunkachō); it is based at the Japanese Sword Museum in Tokyo. Its expert panels physically examine each submitted work (shinsa) and issue a certificate (kanteishō) ranking it by artistic and historical merit. NBTHK papers are the most widely recognized standard of authentication for Japanese swords and fittings.

NBTHK official site→
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Description

This is a tachi by Tomomitsu of the Bizen Osafune school, dating to the Nanbokucho period. It features a nagasa of 73.2cm, a high sori, and a clear utsuri. The blade is designated as a Tokubetsu Juyo Token by the NBTHK.

NBTHK Setsumei

Tokubetsu-Jūyō-Tōken, 23rd Session — Designated April 23, 2014 Tachi, mei: Osafune Norimitsu (倫光) Measurements Nagasa 73.2 cm, sori 2.4 cm, motohaba 2.75 cm, sakihaba 2.05 cm, kissaki-nagasa 4.25 cm, nakago-nagasa 20.0 cm, nakago-sori 0.2 cm Description Keijō: shinogi-zukuri, iori-mune; somewhat wide mihaba with little difference between base and tip width; kasane is thin; high koshizori with additional curvature toward the tip; elongated chū-kissaki. Kitae: itame-hada mixed in places with mokume; fine ji-nie; fine chikei enter; midare-utsuri appears vividly. Hamon: kataochi-gunome as the main pattern, mixed with gunome-chōji-like elements and togariba; at times the midare shows saka-gakari and kaku-gakari tendencies; with ashi and yō; nioi-gachi; in the lower half nie attaches; small tobiyaki appear; slight sunagashi runs. Bōshi: midare-komi; on the omote it becomes hakikake, turning back pointedly; on the ura it is ko-maru. Horimono: On both sides, bō-hi with maru-dome; below these, on the omote a bonji and a gyō-style kurikara; on the ura three bonji and a su-ken (plain sword). Nakago: suriage; ha-agari kurijiri; yasurime: (old) somewhat deep katte-sagari, (new) katte-sagari; one mekugi-ana; on the lower half of the omote, near the mune, there is a finely chiseled six-character signature. Artisan Bizen Province Osafune Norimitsu. Era Nanbokuchō period. Explanation Norimitsu was a swordsmith of the Osafune group in Bizen during the Nanbokuchō period. He was one of the smiths within the circle of Kanemitsu, and one tradition even transmits that he was Kanemitsu’s younger brother. Dates found on extant works range from the Jōwa era through the Eiwa era. As for his manner of work, he is particularly adept at a large-scale midare based on notare; within the group he stands closest to Kanemitsu in style, and in terms of workmanship there are examples that approach the level of his master. From the placement of the horimono and of the inscription, it may be inferred that this tachi was originally of considerable length, exceeding 2 shaku 7 sun. Although it is now shortened, its form retains precious evidence of the tachi silhouette of its time: the difference between base and tip widths is not conspicuous, the kasane is thin, the koshizori is high with added curvature toward the tip, and the chū-kissaki is extended. The forging shows itame mixed with patches of mokume; fine ji-nie covers the surface, with fine chikei, and a vivid midare-utsuri emerges clearly. The temper is nioi-gachi and, centering on kataochi-gunome, mixes gunome and togariba; within the midare, saka-gakari and kaku-gakari tendencies are also seen—features frequently encountered among works of the Kanemitsu lineage. Many of Norimitsu’s better works are based on notare; however, he also finishes works of the present type skillfully. Accordingly, this blade may be regarded as valuable material through which one can perceive both the breadth of his expressive range and the certainty of his technique. Furthermore, the kurikara carving on the omote finds comparable examples—such as the tachi by Norimitsu held by the Kurokawa Institute of Ancient Cultures—making it documentary valuable material for understanding the characteristic approach to horimono seen on Osafune works of the same period.

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tachiTokubetsu Jūyō
Osafune Tomomitsu

Tachi: Bizen Osafune Tomomitsu

mei · Osafune · Teiwa (1345-1350) ND · nagasa 73.2cm · sori 2.4cm

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Osafune Tomomitsu — 1 of 9
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Osafune Tomomitsu — 7 of 9
Osafune Tomomitsu — 8 of 9
Osafune Tomomitsu — 9 of 9
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Measurements & details
Smith
Osafune Tomomitsu
Type
Tachi
School
Osafune
Period
Around 1345–1370(Teiwa ND)
Province
Bizen
Signature
Signed(44% of this smith's designated works are signed)
Measurements
Nagasa 73.2cmSori 2.4cmMotohaba 2.75cmSakihaba 2.05cmKasane 0.6cm
Description

This is a tachi by Tomomitsu of the Bizen Osafune school, dating to the Nanbokucho period. It features a nagasa of 73.2cm, a high sori, and a clear utsuri. The blade is designated as a Tokubetsu Juyo Token by the NBTHK.

NBTHK Zufu Commentary

Tokuju #23

AI translation — may contain errors

-, 23rd Session — Designated April 23, 2014

, : Norimitsu (倫光)

Measurements 73.2 cm, 2.4 cm, 2.75 cm, 2.05 cm, 4.25 cm, 20.0 cm, 0.2 cm

Description Keijō: , ; somewhat wide with little difference between base and tip width; is thin; high with additional curvature toward the tip; elongated . : mixed in places with ; fine ; fine enter; appears vividly. : as the main pattern, mixed with gunome-chōji-like elements and ; at times the shows and -gakari tendencies; with and ; ; in the lower half attaches; small appear; slight runs. : ; on the it becomes , turning back pointedly; on the it is . : On both sides, with ; below these, on the a and a gyō-style ; on the three and a su- (plain sword). : ; ; : (old) somewhat deep , (new) ; one ; on the lower half of the , near the , there is a finely chiseled six-character signature.

Artisan Province Norimitsu.

Era period.

Explanation Norimitsu was a swordsmith of the group in during the period. He was one of the smiths within the circle of Kanemitsu, and one tradition even transmits that he was Kanemitsu’s younger brother. Dates found on extant works range from the Jōwa era through the Eiwa era. As for his manner of work, he is particularly adept at a large-scale based on ; within the group he stands closest to Kanemitsu in style, and in terms of workmanship there are examples that approach the level of his master.

From the placement of the and of the inscription, it may be inferred that this was originally of considerable length, exceeding 2 7 . Although it is now shortened, its form retains precious evidence of the silhouette of its time: the difference between base and tip widths is not conspicuous, the is thin, the is high with added curvature toward the tip, and the is extended.

The forging shows mixed with patches of ; fine covers the surface, with fine , and a vivid emerges clearly. The temper is and, centering on , mixes and ; within the , and -gakari tendencies are also seen—features frequently encountered among works of the Kanemitsu lineage.

Many of Norimitsu’s better works are based on ; however, he also finishes works of the present type skillfully. Accordingly, this blade may be regarded as valuable material through which one can perceive both the breadth of his expressive range and the certainty of his technique. Furthermore, the carving on the finds comparable examples—such as the by Norimitsu held by the Kurokawa Institute of Ancient Cultures—making it documentary valuable material for understanding the characteristic approach to seen on works of the period.

[ 24]

About the maker

Tomomitsu

倫光

Osafune (Kanemitsu school) · Bizen · around 1345-1370

Fujishiro Jo-jo saku · Tōken Taikan top 10%

1 piece on the market now

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The largest of Tomomitsu's signed works is the great odachi of Futarasan Shrine in Nikko, a National Treasure dated Joji 5 (1366). The published record cites it from the first Juyo session as "the largest of his signed works"[[c:1]] and in the most recent as "the pinnacle of Osafune Tomomitsu"[[c:2]], anchoring the carving of new submissions against it. Tomomitsu (倫光) was a swordsmith of the Bizen Osafune mainline in the Nanbokucho period, introduced by the NBTHK with one unvarying sentence: "one of the students of Kanemitsu, and by one tradition even said to have been Kanemitsu's younger brother"[[c:3]]. The modern formula runs his dated work from Jowa to Eiwa, 1345 to 1379; the dated blades on the official record carry nengo from Bunna through Oan. The same formula places him within the school: closest of all to Kanemitsu's manner, his rank of work "pressing the master himself"[[c:4]]. Fujishiro grades him Jo-jo saku.

His own hand, the published sources repeat, is "the easygoing, gentle midare led by notare"[[c:5]], most often a ko-notare mixing gunome, ko-gunome, pointed and somewhat angular teeth. The criterion is given in so many words: such a blade "is to be judged Tomomitsu from the point that the crests of the notare tend slightly to points"[[c:6]]. Ashi and yo enter, the temper leans to nioi with ko-nie, and kinsuji and sunagashi work through it; the boshi runs midare-komi, usually finishing pointed, at times swept with hakikake. Horimono mark his blades far more often than the rest of the school: beyond the bo-hi the record draws bonji, gomabashi, paired futasuji-hi, the three-pronged ken and above all the kurikara, the grass-style form of which "is a peculiar carving scarcely met with outside this smith and Kanemitsu"[[c:7]]; the Futarasan odachi and a signed tachi in the Kurokawa Institute of Ancient Cultures carry the reference examples.

The jigane is itame mixed with mokume, ji-nie attaching and fine chikei entering; on the tachi and katana a midare-utsuri rises, while the hira-zukuri pieces lean to a sugu-style or bo-utsuri. Here the published sources separate him from his master with unusual candor: the first Juyo session records that "compared with Kanemitsu his jigane is inferior, and many works tend somewhat to stand"[[c:8]], and the recent formula repeats the division in kinder terms: close to Kanemitsu, yet marked as Tomomitsu by the slightly standing jigane and the unhurried notare base.

The shape of what survives was set out in the first session: "tanto and short wakizashi survive signed in comparative numbers, but the tachi are almost all unsigned"[[c:9]]. His tachi were mostly the long blades of the Enbun-Joji fashion, wide, with little taper and an extended chu-kissaki, and they come down as o-suriage mumei katana; the signed and dated work concentrates in the wide, sunnobi, hira-zukuri tanto and wakizashi, two carrying the incised invocation Hachiman Daibosatsu[[c:10]]. The signature is the six-character long mei Bishu Osafune Tomomitsu[[c:11]], smallish, often in a fine chisel, set toward the mune, with the date on the ura; twenty-eight of the designated blades are signed against thirty-one unsigned. The gold inlays on the shortened blades, kinzogan-mei of Hon'ami Kojo, Koyu and Sato Kanzan and a kinpun-mei of Hon'ami Koson, are attributions by later appraisers, not signatures; one Juyo katana keeps its original mei folded back as an orikaeshi-mei. An early entry raises, and leaves open, the question of two generations of the same name[[c:12]].

Two side manners flank the notare. On signed work of Joji and Oan he also worked the older spine of the school: a midare led by kataochi-gunome or squared, angular teeth; the sources hold such a tachi against his notare masterpieces and call it proof of "the breadth of his working range and the sureness of his technique"[[c:13]], while a small kataochi tanto recalls Kagemitsu and Kanemitsu and "at first sight could be mistaken for a Kamakura-period piece"[[c:14]]. Among the unsigned attributions stands a markedly nie-strong group[[c:15]], where yubashiri and small tobiyaki appear along the temper and the pointed boshi completes what the record names "the Soden-Bizen character"[[c:16]]. Its emblem is the great hocho-gata wakizashi of Yasukuni Shrine, recorded with its koshirae in Matsudaira Sadanobu's Shuko-jisshu (集古十種) as the sword of Egara Tenmangu in Kamakura, handed down of old as a work of Masamune, "a celebrated piece famous since antiquity"[[c:17]]; the modern judges read its vivid utsuri, notare-led midare and pointed boshi as a Bizen smith under Soshu influence; its kurikara, close to that of the Futarasan odachi, settles the attribution. In inverse, the kataochi-gunome that defines Kagemitsu and Kanemitsu recedes in him, and suguha falls away almost entirely. The record sets him beside the other Kanemitsu students, Hidemitsu, Masamitsu and Motomitsu, whose works resemble the master while falling a step short; no successor line is drawn for him.

Sixty-four designated works stand on the official record: the Futarasan National Treasure, two Important Cultural Properties, eight Tokubetsu Juyo and fifty-one Juyo, fifty-nine in the Tokubetsu Juyo and Juyo tiers. The provenance roll runs through the great houses: the first Juyo session's signed tachi of Oan 6 came down in the Yamauchi family, lords of Tosa; the Tokubetsu Juyo katana with the gold-inlaid attribution descended in the Echizen Matsudaira family as the reputed sword of Matsudaira Shungaku, with a Genroku 7 (1694) origami of Hon'ami Kojo; another katana, bestowed by Ii Naomasa on his retainer Suzuki Iwami no Kami Shigeyoshi, was later presented to the Mito Tokugawa family; other pieces passed through the Okubo lords of Odawara and the statesman Ito Miyoji. The National Treasure and the Important Cultural Properties, three blades, are patrimony held permanently outside the market, the odachi at Futarasan Shrine and the wakizashi at Yasukuni with its Shuko-jisshu koshirae. What a private collector may realistically encounter lies in the Tokubetsu Juyo and Juyo tiers, most of it the o-suriage mumei katana cut down from his grand tachi; a signed and dated tanto or wakizashi is the rarer event, and an ubu signed tachi rarer still; the first session already observed that tachi of ordinary length were few from his hand. A Tomomitsu reaches the market only from time to time, recognized when it does by the easy notare whose crests tend slightly to points.

Historical importance

Where Tomomitsu stands among comparable artisans: across all of nihontō, and within tradition, era, and period. The tiers (Foremost · Leading · Major · Notable) weigh official designations from the NBTHK and Japan's Agency for Cultural Affairs, together with historical honors of lasting repute such as the Sansaku and Meibutsu-chō.

随一
Foremost
屈指
Leading
有数
Major
著名
Notable

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Designation record
61 designated works
Kokuhō (National Treasure)
1
Jūyō Bunkazai
2
Jūyō Bijutsuhin
2
Tokubetsu Jūyō
8
Jūyō
48
1 work by Tomomitsu on the market→
Tomomitsu — full profileOsafune (Kanemitsu school) school

Dated Works

Years he was demonstrably active, proven by signed-and-dated blades

Active period
1358–1370Editorial estimate: 1345–1370
11 of 25 designated works carry a date
1350
1360
1370
About the school

Osafune

長船

Bizen-den · Bizen

Phase: Sōden-Bizen相伝備前· 1330–1394

235 pieces on the market now

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The Soden Bizen school encompasses the group of Nanbokucho-period Osafune smiths in Bizen Province whose work absorbed the technical influence of the Soshu-den, producing a distinctive synthesis that stands apart from both orthodox Bizen and pure Sagami practice. The school divides into two principal lineages: the Kanemitsu group, representing the direct main line of Osafune that descends from Mitsutada through Nagamitsu and Kagemitsu; and the Chogi group, a collateral branch whose members carried the Soshu idiom to its most expressive extremes within Bizen. Kanemitsu, the chakuryu heir of Kagemitsu, pioneered the broad, relaxed notare-based midare that defines the mature Nanbokucho Osafune manner, while Chogi -- described by the NBTHK as the smith "who departs furthest from Bizen" among Bizen makers -- pushed nie-dominant forging to a level that rivals the output of the great Sagami smiths themselves. Together with disciples and contemporaries including Tomomitsu, Motomitsu, Masamitsu, Yoshimitsu, Kanenaga, Nagashige, and Nagamori, they constitute one of the most prolific and technically accomplished groups in the history of Japanese swordsmithing. The school's collective technical identity is anchored in a shared jigane of itame-hada mixed with mokume, with fine ji-nie adhering thickly, chikei entering well, and midare-utsuri standing out -- a persistent Bizen hallmark that survives even in the most Soshu-inflected work. The sugata overwhelmingly reflects the grand Nanbokucho taihai: wide mihaba with little taper between base and tip, and an extended chu-kissaki or o-kissaki conveying martial vigor. Within this shared framework, two distinct temperaments emerge.

" Yoshimitsu likewise inherits the small-pattern tendency, producing ko-gunome mixed with ko-choji whose restraint the NBTHK praises as "upper rank" Soden Bizen. The Chogi lineage, by contrast, emphasizes powerful nie in both ji and ha: Chogi's flamboyant large-scale midare weaves together gunome, choji, togariba, and koshi-hiraki forms with tobiyaki and yubashiri scattering freely, while kinsuji and sunagashi streak through the hardened edge. " Nagashige, now thought to be Chogi's elder brother rather than his junior, works a gentler, smaller-patterned midare yet with nie so strong as to "even surpass Chogi," while Nagamori occupies an intermediate position, his "somewhat smaller patterning" accompanied by rich internal activity. The historical significance of the Soden Bizen school lies in its demonstration that the Soshu influence, far from merely displacing Bizen conventions, catalyzed an extraordinary expansion of the Osafune repertoire. " The NBTHK's evaluative language across the school converges on consistent themes: the forging is "meticulous" and "excellent-quality," the nioiguchi "bright and clear," and the finest examples display a kenzen condition that attests to the soundness of Bizen steel at its peak. The abundance of dated inscriptions -- from Kanemitsu's forty-five-year span through Masamitsu's four-decade career extending into the early Muromachi period -- provides an unusually well-documented chronological framework, with later works by Masamitsu and Yoshimitsu pointing toward the subsequent development of Oei Bizen. Within the broader canon, the Soden Bizen school stands as the fullest realization of the creative possibilities that emerged when two of Japan's greatest forging traditions met and merged. Learn more →

113 recorded smiths2013 designated works
Leading smiths
SmithEraDesignated
Mitsutada光忠1238-123960
Nagamitsu長光1274-1304244
Kagemitsu景光1303-1336143
Kanemitsu兼光1323-1370231
Sanenaga眞長1299-130964
Explore the Osafune school →

Historical context

Sixty years of war between two courts drove blades long and broad, and Osafune met the demand: Kanemitsu and Chōgi led forges serving the provincial warriors who did the fighting, while Sōshū influence arrived with the armies to create Sōden-Bizen.

Bizen in the Nanbokuchō period →

NBTHK Certificate
Tokubetsu Jūyō Tōken特別重要刀剣
Especially Important Sword
›

The NBTHK’s highest grade, reserved for the rare Jūyō blades of exceptional artistry, condition, and historical value, judged on par with a nationally designated Important Cultural Property (Jūyō Bunkazai).

Only 1,211 swords have ever reached Tokubetsu Jūyō, about 1 in 2,064 registered blades.

About the NBTHK›

The NBTHK (Nihon Bijutsu Tōken Hozon Kyōkai, the Society for the Preservation of Japanese Art Swords) is a public-interest incorporated foundation founded in 1948 and supervised by Japan’s Agency for Cultural Affairs (Bunkachō); it is based at the Japanese Sword Museum in Tokyo. Its expert panels physically examine each submitted work (shinsa) and issue a certificate (kanteishō) ranking it by artistic and historical merit. NBTHK papers are the most widely recognized standard of authentication for Japanese swords and fittings.

NBTHK official site→
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Tsuruginoya
Jūyō
Tachi - Jūyō - by Osafune Masamitsu - Bizen Osafune MasamitsuTachi - Jūyō - by Osafune Masamitsu - Bizen Osafune Masamitsu

Tachi

ByOsafune Masamitsu
¥4,800,000

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Aoi Art
Jūyō Bijutsuhin
Daisho - Jubi - by Osafune Nagamitsu - Dai Sho: Katana (Important Art Object): Mumei (Den Nagamitsu) / Wakizashi: Mumei (Sekishu Naotsuna)Daisho - Jubi - by Osafune Nagamitsu - Dai Sho: Katana (Important Art Object): Mumei (Den Nagamitsu) / Wakizashi: Mumei (Sekishu Naotsuna)

Daishō

ByOsafune Nagamitsu
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Jūyō
Tanto - Jūyō - by Osafune Kagemitsu - Juyo Tanto by Bizen KagemitsuTanto - Jūyō - by Osafune Kagemitsu - Juyo Tanto by Bizen Kagemitsu

Tantō

ByOsafune Kagemitsu
¥89,500
Eirakudo
Hozon
Katana - Hozon - by Sukesada - Yosouzaemonnojo Sukesada - Hozon TokenKatana - Hozon - by Sukesada - Yosouzaemonnojo Sukesada - Hozon Token

Katana

BySukesada
¥3,800,000
Samurai Museum
Tokuho
Wakizashi - Tokuho - by Osafune Kagemitsu - Antique Japanese Sword Wakizashi attributed to Den Osafune Kagemitsu NBTHK Tokubetsu Hozon CertificateWakizashi - Tokuho - by Osafune Kagemitsu - Antique Japanese Sword Wakizashi attributed to Den Osafune Kagemitsu NBTHK Tokubetsu Hozon Certificate

Wakizashi

ByOsafune Kagemitsu
¥20,748
Choshuya
Tokuho
Katana - Tokuho - by Katsumitsu - Bishu Osafune Katsumitsu - Bunmei 18 nen 2 gatsujitsu (O Wazamono)Katana - Tokuho - by Katsumitsu - Bishu Osafune Katsumitsu - Bunmei 18 nen 2 gatsujitsu (O Wazamono)

Katana

ByKatsumitsu
¥1,200,000
World Seiyudo
Tokuho
Wakizashi - Tokuho - by Sukesada - Kawachi-No-Kami SukesadaWakizashi - Tokuho - by Sukesada - Kawachi-No-Kami Sukesada

Wakizashi

BySukesada
¥1,400,000
Tosa Touken Do
Tokujū
Tachi - Tokuju - by Osafune Kagemasa - Ko Osafune KagemasaTachi - Tokuju - by Osafune Kagemasa - Ko Osafune Kagemasa

Tachi

ByOsafune Kagemasa
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Iida Koendo
Jūyō
Tachi - Jūyō - by Osafune Nagamitsu - Bizenkoku Osafune ju Sakonshogen Nagamitsu tsukuru, Einin Gannen Junigatsu HiTachi - Jūyō - by Osafune Nagamitsu - Bizenkoku Osafune ju Sakonshogen Nagamitsu tsukuru, Einin Gannen Junigatsu Hi

Tachi

ByOsafune Nagamitsu
¥55,000,000

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Aoi Art
Jūyō
Jūyō - by Ichimonji School - Naginata-Naoshi Katana: Mumei (Ichimonji)Jūyō - by Ichimonji School - Naginata-Naoshi Katana: Mumei (Ichimonji)

Naginata-Naoshi Katana: Mumei (Ichimonji)

ByIchimonji School
Starting Bid¥9,500,000
Tsuruginoya
Jūyō
Katana - Jūyō - by Fukuoka Ichimonji School - Mumei Fukuoka IchimonjiKatana - Jūyō - by Fukuoka Ichimonji School - Mumei Fukuoka Ichimonji

Katana

ByFukuoka Ichimonji School
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Eirakudo
Jūyō Bijutsuhin
Katana - Jubi - by Chu-Aoe School - Aoe Sadatsugu Katana Juyo BijutsuhinKatana - Jubi - by Chu-Aoe School - Aoe Sadatsugu Katana Juyo Bijutsuhin

Katana

ByChu-Aoe School
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Toyuukai
Jūyō
Katana - Jūyō - by Aoe School - Mumei (Aoe) - 51st Juyo TokenKatana - Jūyō - by Aoe School - Mumei (Aoe) - 51st Juyo Token

Katana

ByAoe School
¥5,500,000
Aoi Art
Tokuho
Tanto - Tokuho - by Yoshii Morinori - Bishu-koku Yoshii Morinori (November 1419)Tanto - Tokuho - by Yoshii Morinori - Bishu-koku Yoshii Morinori (November 1419)

Tantō

ByYoshii Morinori
Starting Bid¥400,000
Goushuya
Jūyō Bijutsuhin
Tachi - Jubi - by Ukai Unsho - Kumoio - From the collection of the Okouchi family, lord of Otaki Domain, Kazusa ProvinceTachi - Jubi - by Ukai Unsho - Kumoio - From the collection of the Okouchi family, lord of Otaki Domain, Kazusa Province

Tachi

ByUkai Unsho
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Eirakudo
Tokuho
Wakizashi - Tokuho - by Ichimonji School - Fukuoka Ichimonji Wakizashi - Tokubetsu Hozon TokenWakizashi - Tokuho - by Ichimonji School - Fukuoka Ichimonji Wakizashi - Tokubetsu Hozon Token

Wakizashi

ByIchimonji School
¥3,500,000
Token-Net
Jūyō
Wakizashi - Jūyō - by Ukai Unji - Mumei (Unji) (Bizen)Wakizashi - Jūyō - by Ukai Unji - Mumei (Unji) (Bizen)

Wakizashi

ByUkai Unji
¥2,500,000

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