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OverviewKanteiDesignationsProvenanceBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Osafune
  3. Ōei-Bizen
  4. Morimitsu

Oei-Bizen Morimitsu

盛光

Tokujū
Vol. 19, No. 39 · Tachi

Oei-Bizen Morimitsu

盛光

61 ranked works

ProvinceBizenEraOei (1394–1428)PeriodMuromachiSchoolOsafune>Oei-BizenTraditionBizen-denGeneration2ndTeacherMorimitsuFujishiroJo-jo sakuToko Taikan800(top 14%)TypeSwordsmithCodeMOR709
3Jūyō Bunkazai
1Jūyō Bijutsuhin
4Gyobutsu
5Tokubetsu Jūyō48Jūyō Tōken

Overview

Morimitsu of , who worked under the title Shuri-no-jō, stands with Yasumitsu as one of the twin pillars of the early- smiths the published sources group together as Ōei- (応永備前). In the Ōei era (1394 to 1428), after the great of the late had fallen out of fashion, smiths such as Morimitsu, Yasumitsu, Iesuke and Tsuneie revived the workshop with work of notably elevated refinement, and the published commentary on a dated of 1405 names him, with Yasumitsu, "the most technically complete smith" of the group (康光と並んで技術が最も充実した工). The sword- reference works record him as of the line of Moromitsu (師光), one tradition holding him Moromitsu's son. His dated work is plentiful and runs densely through the Ōei years, his oldest a of Meitoku 5 (明徳五年), that is 1394, his cyclic dates reaching from the early Ōei into the 1420s.

The ideal the Ōei- smiths pursued was a return to , and the published sources say their work can at a glance recall the lineage and the classical of Mitsutada and Nagamitsu, in the graceful proportions and in the revival of a -bearing temper. What is Morimitsu's own, and the school's, declares itself elsewhere. His prime and typical hand is a large-patterned, flamboyant built on a -, a that opens wide at its waist, into which , and angular and slightly pointed elements are mixed; and enter abundantly, the line is -dominant with , fine and run through it, bead-like sometimes scatter, and the is bright. Within this the and heads run broad and loosely rounded, a feature the published sources mark as his particular see-here: of one they note that " with rounded heads are observed" (頭の丸い丁子), and of his finest that the heads of the are "as loosely and broadly rounded as could be" (乱れの頭がいかにもゆったりと丸い), in which his strengths show most plainly. It is the working distinction a collector draws against Yasumitsu, whose heads tend rather to point.

The forging beneath is an mixed with , with some and a tendency for the grain to stand, the carrying fine and, in the larger pieces, a -like dark steel woven through it. Over this the throws up , most often a but frequently, as the published sources note of this school, a , a linear reflection standing along the ; on the calmer blades a clear runs by the edge. The turns and points, the tongue-shaped tip the judges liken to a candle-wick, the "rōsoku no " (ローソクの芯) they return to again and again as the defining Ōei- turnback. The carving is the other constant: a , often with a , finished round above the in , a school tell, and on the lower body religious in the carving tradition the published sources trace from Nagamitsu and Kagemitsu, , a , , (倶利迦羅) and carved deity names, among them "" (八幡大菩薩).

The published sources name two hands in him. Beside the flamboyant they record a quiet and elegant , a chū- or of whose is tight, bright and clear, faintly broken with and a sunken , the edge sometimes frayed with into a ; on it the runs straight to a with a slightly pointed turn. This second hand they call comparatively scarce in him: in the commentary on a the writes flatly that "compared with Yasumitsu, Morimitsu has few examples in " (康光に比して、盛光には直刃の作例は少ない), which is the chief discriminator between the twin pillars, Morimitsu the more -rich and flamboyant, Yasumitsu the more given to the calm straight temper. A third, temporal manner the published sources draw from his oldest dated blades: the Meitoku 5 and the earliest Ōei pieces work small-patterned, a with and varied teeth that runs close to the previous era's ko-reba (small-curvature) school, the signature too cut small in the older manner, and the judges prize these as material for studying his transition into full Ōei-.

Where his hand grows most archaic it borders the late- , and the published sources note that one such "at a glance recalls Kagemitsu or the Unrui, but the differs" (一見すると景光や雲類等をおもわせるが、帽子が異っており), the candle-wick turn the feature that gives the Ōei date away; of another they say it could be "mistaken for late- or the Unrui." A carrying can in turn evoke , yet here too the standing -bearing and the settle the appraisal on Morimitsu. The lineage closes downstream as well: the 盛光 name continued, and one 's commentary states that "the dates seen in his work run from Ōei into Bunmei, and across that span a first and a second generation exist" (その作刀にみる年紀は応永から文明に亘っており、その間、初、二代が存在する). The corpus on record is overwhelmingly the Ōei , the Shuri-no-jō; with Yasumitsu he is the standard by which later looked back, the - and candle-wick carried forward as the mainstream of the later .

He is graded Jō-jō by Fujishiro, and the designation record behind his name is substantial: three of his blades are Important Cultural Properties, with five at and forty-eight at , fifty-three in the and tiers together. He left accomplished work in every form, , , and , and a relatively large number survive; the published sources call several his masterworks, naming one "the white of Morimitsu's work" (盛光中の白眉), handed down in the Kishū Tokugawa Family. The provenance recorded against his blades carries names of standing, the Kishū Tokugawa, the Akimoto, Nanbu and Satake families, the Imperial Family, and shrine collections at Tanzan and Yasukuni. A handful are held forever in the Important Cultural Property tier and can never come to market; his and blades are heritage long held, in public collections and in old private hands, and come into open circulation only from time to time. For a leading Ōei- master they are not beyond a patient collector's reach, but neither are they readily found, and a signed and dated Morimitsu of the Shuri-no-jō is a thing of consequence whenever it appears.

Kantei

One Oei-Bizen manner in Morimitsu's own cast (a standing itame-mokume jigane carrying utsuri, the koshibiraki gunome and rounded-head choji his core), read in three registers plus a horimono dimension. First his two hands as the published sources name them: the flamboyant koshibiraki-gunome and choji midare, his typical and prime work; and a calm chu/hoso-suguha that the judges call comparatively scarce in him and rather more Yasumitsu's. Second a temporal phase the published sources themselves draw: his earliest dated pieces (his oldest, a Meitoku 5 / 1394 tachi, and the early Oei) are small-patterned and lean toward the previous-era ko-reba (small-curvature) work, a transitional manner before the full Oei flamboyance. Third the religious horimono that run through the corpus: bo-hi finished round above the machi, with bonji, sanko-ken, gomabashi, Kurikara, and carved deity names (Hachiman Daibosatsu), the Osafune carving tradition the published sources trace from Nagamitsu and Kagemitsu. The 盛光 name ran first and second generations from Oei to Bunmei; the NBTHK lumps the early line under this code while dating individual blades, and the corpus is overwhelmingly the Oei shodai.

Morimitsu is, with Yasumitsu, one of the twin pillars of Oei-, the workshop that revived at in the Oei era (1394-1428) after the decline; the published sources name the two again and again as the school's leading hands and reckon Morimitsu, with Yasumitsu, the most technically complete of the group. He works in the Shuri-no-jo (修理亮) title and is said to be the son of Moromitsu. His ideal was a return to : a and a -bearing that recall the and old (Mitsutada and Nagamitsu) at a glance. What is his own, and the school's, is a standing mixed thickly with and some , a -bearing carrying a - or , and above all a - (a whose base opens at the waist) mixed with into a flamboyant, large-patterned . The and heads run broadly and loosely rounded, which the published sources mark as Morimitsu's own see-here. The turns and points, the tongue-like tip the published sources call a 'candle-wick' (rosoku-no-), the defining Oei- turnback. He also leaves a calm , but the judges note it is comparatively scarce in him, rather more Yasumitsu's hand. He is almost entirely signed and dated, the long signature 'Bishu (Shuri-no-jo) Morimitsu' with an Oei nengo recurring densely from Oei 2 to Oei 33.

Diagnostic discriminators

the prime Oei-Bizen tell and the heart of Morimitsu's flamboyant hand: a gunome whose base opens wide at the waist, mixed with choji into a large-patterned midare, in 47% of his setsumei where the bare gunome root (shared school boilerplate) sits at 86%; the published sources name it the first feature separating the Oei-Bizen individuality from the Kamakura revival the sugata and choji evoke. Morimitsu and Yasumitsu share this tell almost exactly (47% vs 48%), while the Kamakura ancestor Kanemitsu has it at 0%, so it is the school's own invention

the collector's working distinction within Oei-Bizen: against Yasumitsu, whose midare-heads tend to point, the published sources mark Morimitsu's gunome and choji heads as broadly and loosely rounded ('the heads of the choji, broadly rounded', 'the rounded-head choji conspicuous, Morimitsu's see-here'), and at his prime call the midare 'as if loosely and broadly rounded at the head'. Read together with the suguha cross-tell below, this is the chief see-here separating the twin pillars

a pointed boshi appears in 69% of his setsumei; the published sources repeatedly single out the tongue-like pointed turnback, naming it the 'candle-wick' (rosoku-no-shin), as the characteristic and defining Oei-Bizen boshi. On a suguha tachi that otherwise recalls Kagemitsu or the Unrui, the judges say it is the boshi alone that gives the Oei-Bizen away. The round ko-maru of his suguha hand is the alternative (39%)

the collector's working distinction within Oei-Bizen, stated in Morimitsu's own setsumei: 'compared to Yasumitsu, Morimitsu has few suguha examples'. Suguha sits at 19% across his corpus against 23% in Yasumitsu, and the choji-rich midare runs the other way (choji-midare 19% Morimitsu vs 12% Yasumitsu). Morimitsu is the more flamboyant, choji-rich of the twin pillars, Yasumitsu the more given to the calm suguha

Observation by phase

The flamboyant hand: koshibiraki-gunome and rounded-head choji, the candle-wick boshi

His typical and prime work. Over a standing mixed with and some , the carrying , fine and a - or , Morimitsu tempers a - (the spreading at its waist) mixed with into a large-patterned, flamboyant . and run in abundantly, the line is -dominant with , fine and play through, bead-like sometimes scatter, and the is bright. The mixes squared () and pointed () teeth, and the and heads run broadly and loosely rounded, which the published sources single out as Morimitsu's see-here. The turns and points, the tongue-shaped tip the judges liken to a candle-wick. A , often with , is finished round () above the , a school tell, and the may carry , a or a .

Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The calm hand: a chu/hoso-suguha, comparatively scarce in Morimitsu

the suguha hand, which the published sources call comparatively scarce in Morimitsu and rather more Yasumitsu's; on it the jigane is the same standing itame-mokume with a bo-utsuri or a clear sugu-utsuri running along the ha, but the line is a chu- or hoso-suguha with a tight, bright nioiguchi, faintly broken with ko-gunome and saka-ashi, that at a glance recalls late-Kamakura Osafune (Kagemitsu, the Unrui) or evokes Aoe

Alongside the flamboyant the published sources name a calm as Morimitsu's second hand, but mark it comparatively scarce in him and rather more Yasumitsu's. The is the standing and , showing, with a or a clear standing along the . The line is a chu- or , the tight and bright and clear, faintly broken with and , the edge sometimes frayed with or . The runs to a , the tip slightly pointing. Several such blades the judges say recall late- (Kagemitsu, the Unrui) at a glance, the the one feature that gives Oei- away; a sunken can evoke , yet the standing -bearing and the Oei settle it on Morimitsu.

Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

Earliest works: a small-patterned, ko-reba-leaning manner transitional into Oei-Bizen

less firmly establishedthe oldest dated pieces (his earliest, a Meitoku 5 (1394) tachi, and the Oei 2-3 blades), whose mei are small and cramped like ko-reba work; these run small-patterned, the choji-rich flamboyance not yet arrived

The published sources draw an earliest, transitional manner from his oldest dated blades. His oldest, a Meitoku 5 (1394) , and the Oei 2-3 pieces work small-patterned, the a with and varied teeth that runs close to the previous-era ko-reba (small-curvature) school, the signature too small and cramped in the ko-reba manner. The judges read these as Morimitsu's earliest work and a transition from ko-reba into full Oei-, valued as material for studying the change: the temper already shows less of the sunken ko-reba teeth and a hint of the waist-opening, and the already turns and points.

Sugata 姿
Hamon 刃文
Scholarship

Morimitsu's dated work runs from Oei into Bunmei, and the published sources count a first and a second generation across that span, his oldest dated blade a Meitoku 5 (1394) tachi.

He is recorded as a pupil/son of Moromitsu of Osafune, the published sources repeatedly noting the tradition that he is Moromitsu's son.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai3
Jūyō Bijutsuhin1
Gyobutsu4
Tokubetsu Jūyō5
Jūyō Tōken48

Elite Standing

0.34 across 61 designated works

Top 7% among smiths

Provenance

13 documented provenances across certified works by Morimitsu

Provenance Standing

6 works held in elite collections across 13 documented provenances

Top 7% among smiths

Raw score: 2.75 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 61 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 61 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

TeacherMorimitsu
Morimitsu
Students (3)
  1. 1.Morimitsu盛光6 for sale61designated
  2. 2.Moromitsu師光1 for sale7designated
  3. 3.Iesuke家助1designated

Oei-Bizen School

Other artisans of the Oei-Bizen school

  1. 1.Yasumitsu康光1 for sale55designated
  2. 2.Sanemitsu實光4designated
  3. 3.Tsuneie經家2designated
  4. 4.Yasunaga安永1designated
  5. 5.Yasunaga康永1designated
  6. 6.Tsuneie經家6designated
  7. 7.Yasumitsu康光1 for sale2designated