Two courts, sixty years of war, and the most dramatic silhouettes in the sword’s history: broad blades, extended points, true ōdachi later cut down into the majestic katana collectors prize. The Sōshū manner was the style of the age.
NihontoWatchNihontoWatchThis blade is attributed to the work of Uda school by NBTHK, which authenticated this blade. While the certificate doesn’t mention when it was forged, NBTHK appraises it was made in the Kamakura-Nanbokucho period (Approx. 1299 – 1393). We made a phone call to NBTHK to confirm it. Uda is a prestigious school that flourished during the Nanbokuchoto – mid Muromachi period (approx. 1334-1491). It was founded by Kunimitsu (国光) in the late Kamakura period. The school was located in Etchu province in Toyama prefecture today. Kunimitsu was originally from Yamato Uda Gun (大和宇多郡), located in Nara prefecture but moved to Etchu in the late Kamakura period (1299-1333) with his apprentices including Kunifusa (国房), and Kunimune (国宗). Uda school was famous for producing practically designed blades, which were desirable during Nanbokucho – Muromachi period. Among other schools in the Hokuriku region (the northwestern part of Honshu), Uda school was the most prominent school. When the Uda school flourished in the Nanbokucho period, Japan had a tumultuous time because the imperial court was split into two sides (south and north). There were so many conflicts, and many Samurai were deployed. The trend in battlefields was to use a surprisingly long sword. This trend continued until the early – mid Muromachi period. This blade doesn’t look long now, but we assume it used to be quite a long sword based on the tang’s shape, meaning it was shortened a few times in the past. There are two categories in the work of Uda school. One is called Ko Uda (Old Uda), and the other is called Uda. Ko Uda swords were forged during the late Kamakura period to the Nanbokucho period. Uda blades were forged during the Muromachi period. This blade is categorized as a Ko-Uda blade. This blade is appraised as a Hozon Touken (保存刀剣) issued by NBTHK (Nihon Bijutsu Touken Hozon Kyokai: 日本美術刀剣保存協会). *Please keep in mind that there are a few Kitae Kizu on the blade. Fuchi-Kashira The motif of this Fuchi-Kashira is Japanese apricot blossoms. Japanese apricot blossoms begin to bloom in winter that snow still covers its tree so that people thought this flower tells the arrival of spring. Same as cherry blossom, it has been appreciated for a long time in Japan. People enjoy its adorable petal shape and scent, gracefully branched tree, and compose many poems. As it comes out in the cold season, it symbolizes the power of perseverance and vitality. Tsuka and Menuki We assume the motif of the Menuki is peony. Peony represents happiness, wealth, nobleness, and gorgeousness. This flower pattern has been treated as a kind of good-omen motif; people regarded it as a rich harvest sign. Peony is called “Botan” in Japanese. When we write this flower’s name in Japanese, its second letter means mountain hermit medicine that would give us eternal youth. Based on the meaning of this letter, the peony pattern symbolizes eternal youth and longevity. Tsuba and Habaki The motif of this Tsuba is a pine tree. As pine trees keep their green color throughout the years by withstanding severe heat and cold, people thought this plant pattern represents eternal youth. Furthermore, its color is called Tokiwa-Iro (常盤色, evergreen trees’ dark green color with brown), and pine trees have another name “Tokiwa-Gi (常盤木).” Tokiwa means immutability, so Tokiwa-Iro is a color that praises green with a wish for longevity and prosperity. It is said this color was appreciated, especially in the Edo period, as a good-luck color. The pine tree design gives us an elegant and noble impression; it might be another reason that people love this motif. Authentication Paper They authenticated the blade on May 31st in the 6th year of Reiwa (2024). They appraised it as Hozon Touken, the blade worth preserving for Japanese society.
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Wakimono · Etchu
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The Ko-Uda school (古宇多) carries its origin in its own steel, a Yamato craft transplanted into the northern provinces. Its story begins with the monk-smith remembered as Ko-Nyūdō Kunimitsu, held by tradition to have come from Uda District in Yamato and to have settled at Utsu in Etchū around the Bunpō era of the late Kamakura period. From that migration the school took its name and its grounding manner. Kunimitsu is the founder and the hinge of the whole attribution, for almost no securely signed first-generation work survives, and his earliest pieces are read instead by their strong Yamato-den character. Through the Nanbokuchō period the line sent out the smiths gathered under the Ko-Uda name, among them his sons Kunifusa and Kunimune, together with Kunitsugu and Tomonori, who reused the house names down the generations as the school flourished toward the Muromachi. Within that long descent the term Ko-Uda is reserved for work of the late Kamakura through the Nanbokuchō, the formative early phase before the later Uda manner settled. A shared vocabulary binds the early generations, set first by the Yamato root the school never lost. The kitae is an itame, frequently mixed with mokume and a flowing nagare grain that tends to stand rather than lie flat, often standing into masame toward the edge, the surface carrying ji-nie with dark chikei entering. The steel takes a blackish, kanairo cast and grows hazy and standing in places, and where the forging tightens a shirake-utsuri stands clearly in the ji; this northern color is the feature the appraisal turns on, the character distinctive to works of the north.
Over it the smiths temper a suguha or quiet ko-midare, mixing in ko-gunome and shallow notare, the hardening running in nie more than nioi, the nioiguchi tending to sink rather than to glow. Into the habuchi they work the Yamato activity the school keeps as its own: fine hotsure, crossing kuichigai-ba, crescent uchinoke, with sunagashi streaming and kinsuji entering, and a bōshi that runs straight into a ko-maru or sweeps off in hakikake. A second, Sōshū-leaning manner runs beside the first, traced to the Uda study under Etchū Norishige with the smith called Gō set beside him as a model; here the temper opens into notare and gunome dense with nie, calling the Sōshū tradition to mind, though none are of purely Sōshū construction. What separates Ko-Uda from the later Uda is this early concentration of Yamato hataraki and the darkened, dry-standing steel, with Kunifusa seen in a tightly forged jigane and Kunimune more often in a standing grain. To kantei Ko-Uda is to return a nie-laden blade to the northern provinces by its jigane and its sinking temper, since a piece dense with nie, kinsuji and sunagashi that reads at first as a high Sōshū hand is held to Uda by its blackish, standing steel and its rounded ha-nie, the resemblance stopping at construction. The published commentary divides the Sōshū debt itself, assigning the finely forged bright-steeled work to the current of Yoshihiro and the standing-grain blackish-steeled work to that of Norishige. Among the best members Kunifusa and Kunimune stand as representative hands, with the founder Kunimitsu read through both the archaic Yamato face and the bolder Nanbokuchō shapes, and Tomonori ranked among the more able of the line, his quiet whitish suguha and his nie-laden hitatsura work sorting by the presence or absence of streaming nie. The school's record is overwhelmingly mumei and ō-suriage, appraised to the group rather than to a single hand, so that a signed blade of any of these names is already a document and a signed early piece rarer still. Recorded provenance is thin, the work held rather than traded, descending through such hands as the Kurokawa Institute of Ancient Cultures and passing only seldom through the market; for the student of how the Yamato and Sōshū currents met in the north, the Ko-Uda blades are the place where that meeting can actually be seen. Learn more →
| Smith | Era | Designated |
|---|---|---|
| Kunifusa國房 | 1368-1405 | 17 |
| Kunimitsu國光 | 1362-1368 | 9 |
| Tomonori友則 | 1390-1394 | 4 |
| Kunitsugu國次 | 1356-1361 | 1 |
| Kunimitsu國光 | 1317-1319 | 2 |
The Nanbokuchō period (1333 to 1392)
Two courts, sixty years of war, and the most dramatic silhouettes in the sword’s history: broad blades, extended points, true ōdachi later cut down into the majestic katana collectors prize. The Sōshū manner was the style of the age.
Certifies a genuine blade worth preserving: a signature confirmed correct, or, if unsigned, an era, province, and school that the NBTHK can reliably identify.
The NBTHK (Nihon Bijutsu Tōken Hozon Kyōkai, the Society for the Preservation of Japanese Art Swords) is a public-interest incorporated foundation founded in 1948 and supervised by Japan’s Agency for Cultural Affairs (Bunkachō); it is based at the Japanese Sword Museum in Tokyo. Its expert panels physically examine each submitted work (shinsa) and issue a certificate (kanteishō) ranking it by artistic and historical merit. NBTHK papers are the most widely recognized standard of authentication for Japanese swords and fittings.
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