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OverviewKanteiDesignationsProvenanceBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Ichimonji
  3. Fukuoka Ichimonji
  4. Yoshimune

Fukuoka Ichimonji Yoshimune

吉宗

Tokujū
Vol. 16, No. 19 · Tachi

Fukuoka Ichimonji Yoshimune

吉宗

6 ranked works

ProvinceBizenEraJokyu (1219–1222)PeriodKamakuraSchoolIchimonji>Fukuoka IchimonjiTraditionBizen-denTeacherMuneieFujishiroJo-jo sakuTypeSwordsmithCodeYOS533
1Jūyō Bunkazai
2Gyobutsu
1Tokubetsu Jūyō2Jūyō Tōken

Overview

Yoshimune is a Fukuoka smith of mid- whose surviving signed work is so scarce that the published sources treat each designated blade as a record of a hand otherwise known chiefly through one famous piece. The best-known of his works is the preserved at Tsukubasan Jinja, an Important Cultural Property, and the institution names it expressly as such, observing that he "is represented by few extant works, the most famous being the held at Tsukubasan Jinja" (現存する作刀が少なく ... 最も著名なものとして筑波山神社蔵の太刀). The school itself, founded by Norimune, arose in the early period and flowered through the middle of it, and the published sources place this signature with the Fukuoka branch at exactly that peak, when the school reached its most brilliant and dynamic large . The name was carried by more than one smith, which is the central problem of his identity, but the blades judged his own are read consistently as the mature Fukuoka manner brought to full flamboyance.

His characteristic hand is a full with no quieter base beneath it. Over an he tempers a clove pattern mixed with small and , and on his finest works it rises into large tassel-headed ō-busa- and sack-shaped fukuro-chōji with pointed -ba mixed in, the undulating with marked height variation. and enter the freely, the runs deep with , and fine and play through it, the bright. The gathers this into the school's defining statement, that at the mid- peak "the magnificently developed style, brilliant and full of dynamism, of large is displayed in splendid fashion" (此の期に至って最も鮮麗にして躍動感に溢れた大丁子乱れ). It is this temper, never a -toned hand, that the appraisers use to part his blades from the quieter members of the school.

The is the proper steel and the constant that holds across all of his signed work. The forging is an mixed with , tending a little toward standing grain (), with well risen and, on the most tightly forged pieces, fine entering. Over this stands a vivid , the speckled reflection of old steel, which appears on every blade given to him and is as much a part of the recognition as the temper above it. The answers the : most often a small round (), at the point sometimes turning with a pointed tendency or a little , and on the most flamboyant blade running into the point as a . Carving is rare but present, the of 2003 bearing a and a short with accompanying , and below them a cut kaki-nagashi.

The corpus draws a single mature manner pitched at two levels of display rather than a sequence of periods. On his prime works the clove pattern breaks into the large tassel-headed forms, and the shows the large with fukuro-chōji and pointed elements over an with thick and fine ; the published sources judge such a blade to express the workmanship of the Fukuoka school at its height, finding that "the style of the Fukuoka school at its peak is well displayed" (福岡一文字派盛期の作風がよく表示されており) in its splendid "flamboyant of mixed with ō-busa-" (華やかな乱れを焼く). On other signed the hand runs at a more measured pitch, the mixed with and and the lower, sound in and though calmer in finish. The question of how many generations carried the name is left open: the published record states that registers list smiths of this name in the Jōkyū, Shōgen and Kōan eras and that "the precise division by generation remains a topic for further study" (正確な代別についてはなお今後の研究課題であろう).

His standing in the school is fixed by the reasoning that recovers his blades from the crowd of namesakes. Because the name was shared among , Fukuoka , Yoshioka and smiths, the appraisers sort each blade by its own workmanship and the manner of its signature, and they assign this signature to the mid- Fukuoka hand whose individuality showed most clearly in the brilliant large of the period. The judgment is made on the work itself: of the the published sources find that "both and strongly display the distinctive features of the Fukuoka school" (地刃に福岡一文字の特色が著しく), the clear in the and the large sharp with height variation. He stands among the brilliant mid- masters of the mature Fukuoka school alongside Yoshifusa and Norikane, his bright and showy ō-busa- setting him with the flamboyant rather than the restrained side of the school, against the deliberately quiet of his schoolmate Yoshimochi.

Fujishiro grades him Jō-jō . The connoisseurship of Yoshimune is governed by scarcity: his signed work is genuinely few, and the designated blades that survive are valued, in the words of the published record, as rare material for understanding the scope of his craftsmanship. A handful of his blades stand in the and tiers, with the Tsukubasan Jinja , an Important Cultural Property, the most famous of all and held as patrimony in the shrine that has long kept it. Where provenance is recorded it runs to institutional rather than private hands, and the published commentary names the Tsukubasan Jinja blade as the reference point against which his other works are read. For the collector this is a smith met rarely. A signed Yoshimune is not held in perpetuity in the way the school's most exalted designations are, and so it is not wholly beyond reach; but with so small a signed corpus, and most of it long settled, an example comes to market only from time to time, and an , signed in sound condition is a landmark when one appears.

Kantei

the mature flamboyant Fukuoka Ichimonji: the school's rich midare-utsuri kept over an itame ground, the temper a full choji-midare that rises on the prime works to large tassel-headed clove, with a calmer choji-and-gunome register on the others

Yoshimune is a Fukuoka smith of mid- , one of several smiths who carried the name; the published sources place this signature with the Fukuoka branch that flowered in the middle of the period, when the school reached its most brilliant and dynamic large . His surviving signed work is scarce, the most famous being the Tsukubasan Jinja , an Important Cultural Property. His is the school's mature flamboyant hand: an ground with moku, and a clear , over which he forges a mixing small and , on his prime works rising to large tassel-headed o-busa- and -, the activity rich with and , deep , , and , the a small round. A robust wide-bodied with a tight two-character , on the kept pieces almost always slightly , is itself a tell.

Diagnostic discriminators

100% of his works · 1.5× vs Fukuoka Ichimonji (Yoshimochi, the quiet hand)

the discriminating absence: Yoshimune never tempers on a suguha-toned base, where the quiet Yoshimochi does in a third of his work; the contrast is in the hamon, not the utsuri (0% vs 33%)

100% of his works · 1.2× vs Fukuoka Ichimonji (Yoshifusa)

Observation by phase

The prime flamboyant manner (large tassel-headed choji-midare, the Fukuoka peak)

On his finest works the published sources see the Fukuoka school at its mid- peak. Over an ground with moku, well risen and a clear , he forges a that breaks into large tassel-headed o-busa- and sack-shaped - with pointed teeth mixed in, the undulating with high and low, and entering freely, the deep, present, and running fine, the bright. The 49 adds a small and carries a , a with and a ; the shows the large with . The calls this the flamboyant, dynamic manner of the mature Fukuoka school, and names the Tsukubasan Jinja (an Important Cultural Property) as the most famous example.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The calmer choji-and-gunome register (the somewhat plainer signed tachi)

Other signed works are judged a quieter hand within the school. Over an ground with moku, slight and a clear , he forges with small and mixed in, and entering well, the deep, present, and running, the a small round, at the point sometimes pointed or with a little . The 19 , and signed, is a robust waisted the published sources call somewhat plain in finish yet sound in and ; the Tokuju 16 and 17 , slightly , keep the school's character with a more measured temper. The robust wide shape and the large two-character chiseled near the spine carry the recognition as much as the temper.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

The published sources note that the Meikan lists smiths named Yoshimune in the Joo, Shogen and Koan eras, and state plainly that the exact generations of the Fukuoka Ichimonji Yoshimune remain a research question for the future.

Because the name was shared by Ko-Bizen, Fukuoka Ichimonji, Yoshioka Ichimonji and Osafune smiths, the published sources sort each blade by its own workmanship and signature, and judge this signature the mid-Kamakura Fukuoka Ichimonji hand whose individuality showed most clearly in the brilliant large choji-midare of the period.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai1
Jūyō Bijutsuhin—
Gyobutsu2
Tokubetsu Jūyō1
Jūyō Tōken2

Elite Standing

0.27 across 6 designated works

Top 9% among smiths

Provenance

4 documented provenances across certified works by Yoshimune

Provenance Standing

2 works held in elite collections across 4 documented provenances

Top 68% among smiths

Raw score: 1.92 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 6 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 6 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

TeacherMuneie
Yoshimune
Student
  1. 1.Iemune家宗

Fukuoka Ichimonji School

Other artisans of the Fukuoka Ichimonji school

  1. 1.Sukezane助眞44designated
  2. 2.Yoshifusa吉房1 for sale46designated
  3. 3.Norimune則宗8designated
  4. 4.Yoshihira吉平17designated
  5. 5.Sukekane助包6designated
  6. 6.Norikane則包7designated
  7. 7.Tamekiyo爲清5designated
  8. 8.Yoshimochi吉用10designated
  9. 9.Tameto爲遠5designated
  10. 10.Naganori長則17designated
  11. 11.Ichi一7designated
  12. 12.Sukeyoshi助吉1 for sale5designated