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OverviewKanteiDesignationsProvenanceBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Ichimonji
  3. Fukuoka Ichimonji
  4. Naganori

Fukuoka Ichimonji Naganori

長則

Tokujū
Vol. 7, No. 30 · Tachi

Fukuoka Ichimonji Naganori

長則

17 ranked works

ProvinceBizenEraEinin (1293–1299)PeriodKamakuraSchoolIchimonji>Fukuoka IchimonjiTraditionBizen-denGeneration1stFujishiroJo sakuToko Taikan800(top 14%)TypeSwordsmithCodeNAG387
1Jūyō Bunkazai
2Jūyō Bijutsuhin
1Tokubetsu Jūyō13Jūyō Tōken

Overview

Naganori is the late- smith of the Fukuoka school whose work is the school's great exception, and his blades are the documentary anchor of its geography. He held the court title Saemon-no-jo, and the published sources record that among all the smiths of the line only his signature explicitly cuts Fukuoka-ju, resident of Fukuoka: as one entry puts it, among works bearing the inscription Fukuoka, "the practice begins with Naganori" (「福岡住」と銘したものは長則に始まり). On several pieces he cut the full signature no Fukuoka-ju Saemon-no-jo Naganori with a date, and extant examples carry the Einin, Shoan and Kagen eras of the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries, placing him a generation below the school's mid- masters Yoshifusa and Sukezane. For reasons the published sources admit are not understood, he came to be nicknamed "Ko-ryu Naganori" (世に「小竜長則」と俗称され). He is the smith one cites when the question is who, within so flamboyant a school, made quiet swords.

The heart of his recognition is a contradiction the judges state outright. When one speaks of Fukuoka one thinks at once of brilliant -, the published sources note, "yet Naganori, differing in spirit from the usual manner of his group, was particularly noted for tempering a -toned mixed with small " (長則は同派の常々とは趣を異にして直刃調に小丁子交じりの刃文を得意として). His are slender and well-shaped, with high and pronounced , the curvature often increasing toward the point. Over a steel of well-packed to itame he tempers low, a into which and run continuously from base to tip, the and entering abundantly, the bright and tending to tighten, with fine and and patches of along the . The runs straight to a , at times entering with a slight . It is a calm, even subdued hand, and the sources call one such "a uniformly subdued construction in which the is especially vivid" (皆細直刃に丁子足、小足を交じえたさびしい出来のものであり、乱れ映りが特にあざやかなものである).

The is the constant of his work. His is a or , at times mixed with and standing a little, with fine and , and over it stands an the judges single out as conspicuously clear; on his finest dated the upper half can deepen into a mottled . Against that bright the stays deliberately low. The activity is carried not in towering clove clusters but in the small and of the line, the and , the and bright . A small number of his blades lean into a reverse tendency, the turning with entering and the clear, and a appraised to him keeps a faint reverse-slanting within its , placing him within the late- taste for reverse work without his ever leaving that calm base.

His record divides cleanly in two. There are the , signed and dated , the documentary core, prized for preserving an original form together with an era name: a Shoan-dated is called a typical work of Saemon-no-jo Naganori, conspicuous for its bright and sound condition, the date itself excellent reference material. Set against them are the and appraised to him as Naganori, which keep the quiet with and the vivid , the attribution resting on era and the calm temper rather than on a long signature. Of his roughly seventeen designated works on record, nine are signed and seven unsigned, a near-even split that lets the signed, dated pieces serve as the yardstick by which the ones are judged.

What sets him apart is exactly the affinity the judges draw. They align his late-period manner with the work of Kagemitsu and Chikakage, noting that his style "shares common features with Kagemitsu and Chikakage of " (長船派の景光・近景と共通する) while his stands a touch more prominently than theirs. Read from the other side, his bright and the linked small on a low base hold him apart from the plainer smiths, just as his calm temper holds him apart from the flamboyant of Yoshifusa, Sukezane and Norimune within his own school. He is the quiet exception at the school's late edge, the Fukuoka name a collector reaches for to show that the line could forge restraint as surely as splendor.

For the connoisseur he is a rare and well-documented name. Fujishiro grades him Jo . He has no National Treasures; his record runs instead through an Important Cultural Property, the prewar Bijutsuhin, a and some thirteen blades, with around fourteen pieces falling in the and tiers in all. His blades carry the provenance of warrior houses with documented descent: a was transmitted in the Naruse family of Inuyama, and a long with its black-lacquer mounting was preserved in the Oyama family of Innai, senior retainers of the Satake lords of Akita, while a Kotsune of Kyoho 2 attests another as genuine Naganori. Most of his designated work is held rather than traded, and a signed, dated Naganori in particular comes to market only seldom; a privately held example, signed Fukuoka-ju or appraised to his calm hand, is a notable thing for a collector to encounter, and a document of the one smith who made the great showy school quiet.

Kantei

one consistent calm manner, the school's quiet exception, read in two registers: the signed, dated ubu tachi that is the documentary core (Fukuoka-ju long signatures, Einin to Shoan dates) and the o-suriage mumei attributions appraised to him from the same suguha-cho with ko-choji and the vivid midare-utsuri he shares with the school

Naganori is the late- smith of the Fukuoka school whose work is the great exception within that line: where the name Fukuoka at once calls to mind flamboyant -, Naganori tempers a calm, -toned . He held the title Saemon-no-jo, and among all the smiths of the school he is the only one whose signature explicitly cuts Fukuoka-ju (resident of Fukuoka), so he is the documentary anchor of the school's geography; his dated works run through the Einin, Shoan and Kagen eras of the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries. His are slender and well-shaped, with high and , over a well-packed to itame ground carrying and an especially vivid . Over it he sets a low into which and run continuously from base to tip, abundant and entering, the bright and tending tight, the running straight to a . The published sources repeatedly call his manner subdued, of a quiet character apart from the school custom, and place it close to the work of Kagemitsu and Chikakage, distinguished from them by his slightly more prominent . For his calm late-period he was colloquially nicknamed Ko-ryu Naganori.

Diagnostic discriminators

unique vs mainstream Fukuoka Ichimonji (o-choji-midare)

unique vs the rest of Fukuoka Ichimonji

Observation by phase

The signed, dated ubu tachi (his documentary core)

the long Fukuoka-ju signature and the Einin to Shoan date inscriptions: the signed, dated tachi are his documentary anchor, and the only Fukuoka Ichimonji works to cut Fukuoka-ju are his

His documentary core is the , signed and dated : standard to somewhat slender in width with a marked taper, high with , curvature added toward the tip, a , and on several the long signature no Fukuoka-ju Saemon-no-jo Naganori with an Einin, Shoan or Kagen date. The ground is a well-packed to itame, at times mixed with and standing a little, with fine and and a distinct that in the upper half can become a mottled . Over it the temper is set low for the width: a into which and run continuously from base to tip, and entering abundantly, the bright and -dominant with , fine and running through, areas of along the . The enters with slight or runs straight to a , at times with . The published sources call these typical work of Saemon-no-jo Naganori, prizing the , dated examples as documentary material of high value.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The o-suriage mumei attributions (den Naganori)

o-suriage mumei status and an affinity the sources draw with Osafune Kagemitsu and Chikakage: the mumei attributions rest on era and the calm suguha-cho rather than on a long signature

The other register is the and appraised to him as Naganori. These keep the quiet hand: a to itame ground, sometimes mixed with and o- or running into , with or a - standing out. The temper is again a mixed with and , entering well, attaching, the straight to a , sometimes with a slightly pointed turnback. The published sources affirm these from the workmanship of both and as typical of Naganori, noting that his manner shares common ground with the smiths Kagemitsu and Chikakage while showing a touch more prominently. One , unsigned traditionally given to him carries a low with a tendency, fine and and small , and was preserved in the Oyama family, senior retainers of the Satake lords of Akita.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The reverse-tending choji register

less firmly established

A small number of his pieces lean into a reverse tendency, the -ba turning with entering frequently, attaching and a clear, bright . The appraised to him likewise shows a faint reverse-slanting in its . The trait places him within the late- to early- taste for -toned reverse work without ever leaving his calm base, and it is one of the points by which the sources affirm an unsigned blade to his hand.

Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

The published sources record that the name Fukuoka Ichimonji at once calls to mind flamboyant o-choji-midare, yet Naganori, differing in spirit from the usual manner of his group, excelled at a suguha-cho mixed with small choji, with examples in a narrow hoso-suguha among his tanto; for reasons not clearly understood he came to be colloquially nicknamed Ko-ryu Naganori.

On the mumei attributions the published sources affirm the work as Fukuoka Ichimonji of the late Kamakura from the manner of the signature and the workmanship of both ji and ha, noting that his style shares common ground with the Osafune smiths Kagemitsu and Chikakage while his choji stands somewhat more prominently than theirs.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai1
Jūyō Bijutsuhin2
Gyobutsu—
Tokubetsu Jūyō1
Jūyō Tōken13

Elite Standing

0.22 across 17 designated works

Top 11% among smiths

Provenance

7 documented provenances across certified works by Naganori

Provenance Standing

1 works held in elite collections across 7 documented provenances

Top 53% among smiths

Raw score: 1.96 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 17 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 17 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

Naganori
Students (2)
  1. 1.Naganori長則
  2. 2.Naganori長則

Fukuoka Ichimonji School

Other artisans of the Fukuoka Ichimonji school

  1. 1.Sukezane助眞44designated
  2. 2.Yoshifusa吉房1 for sale46designated
  3. 3.Norimune則宗8designated
  4. 4.Yoshihira吉平17designated
  5. 5.Sukekane助包6designated
  6. 6.Norikane則包7designated
  7. 7.Tamekiyo爲清5designated
  8. 8.Yoshimochi吉用10designated
  9. 9.Tameto爲遠5designated
  10. 10.Yoshimune吉宗6designated
  11. 11.Ichi一7designated
  12. 12.Sukeyoshi助吉1 for sale5designated