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Description

This is a tanto signed by Rai Kunimitsu from the Kamakura period. It features a well-proportioned shape with a wide mihaba and thick kasane, along with intricate carvings and a nie-deki suguha hamon with active sunagashi and kinsuji. The tanto comes with a koshirae featuring shakudo fittings and a stingray skin saya.

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Swords›Yamashiro-den›Rai›Kunimitsu›Tanto: Rai Kunimitsu - NBTHK Tokubetsu Hozon
tantoTokubetsu Hozon
Rai Kunimitsu

Tanto: Rai Kunimitsu - NBTHK Tokubetsu Hozon

mei · Rai · Showa (1312-1317) · nagasa 25.6cm

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Rai Kunimitsu — 1 of 5
Rai Kunimitsu — 2 of 5
Rai Kunimitsu — 3 of 5
Rai Kunimitsu — 4 of 5
Rai Kunimitsu — 5 of 5
1 / 5
1 / 5
Rai Kunimitsu — 1 of 5Rai Kunimitsu — 2 of 5Rai Kunimitsu — 3 of 5Rai Kunimitsu — 4 of 5Rai Kunimitsu — 5 of 5
Measurements & details
Smith
Rai Kunimitsu
Type
Tanto
School
Rai
Period
Around 1326–1351(Karyaku–Kannō)
Province
Yamashiro
Signature
Signed(45% of this smith's designated works are signed)
Measurements
Nagasa 25.6cmMotohaba 2.41cmKasane 0.55cm
Description

This is a tanto signed by Rai Kunimitsu from the Kamakura period. It features a well-proportioned shape with a wide mihaba and thick kasane, along with intricate carvings and a nie-deki suguha hamon with active sunagashi and kinsuji. The tanto comes with a koshirae featuring shakudo fittings and a stingray skin saya.

About the maker

Kunimitsu

國光

Rai (Yamashiro) · Yamashiro · around 1326-1351

Fujishiro Sai-jo saku · Tōken Taikan top 3%

4 pieces on the market now

›

The dated works of Rai Kunimitsu (来国光) run from Karyaku 1 (1326) to Kan'o 2 (1351), carrying the Rai school of Yamashiro from the close of the Kamakura period into the early Nanbokucho period. By the prevailing tradition he is transmitted as a son of Rai Kunitoshi, by some accounts a pupil, and the published sources observe that the smith with the most surviving works in the school is Kunimitsu himself. Their constant judgment reaches further: he is "the most versatile smith of the Rai school, the one with the widest working range"[[c:1]]. The notes enumerate that range: beyond the traditional true suguha of the Kyoto line, there are works on a suguha base mixing ko-gunome and ko-choji, works in suguha with a slight ko-midare tendency, works in a notare tone mixed with gunome, and works whose midare is dominated by gunome, spread across tachi, tanto and ko-wakizashi of equally varied form.

His most numerous work is the wide, robust osuriage katana, unsigned yet keeping the deep, evenly arched curvature the published record calls wazori, the chu-kissaki often a little extended. On these blades the temper is a chu-suguha or hiro-suguha within which ko-gunome and ko-choji stand apart; ashi and yo enter thickly, and the nioiguchi runs deep, bright and clear. Ko-nie adheres richly, kinsuji and fine sunagashi pass through the ha, and the boshi is sugu with a komaru turnback. The conspicuous presence of gunome within the suguha is the recognition point the sources state outright, the feature that separates his hand from Kunitoshi and Kuniyuki; of one such katana the NBTHK writes that these features "clearly manifest the characteristic traits of Rai Kunimitsu."

The jigane is constant beneath all of his manners: a tightly packed ko-itame under thick, dust-fine ji-nie, with fine chikei woven in and a nie-utsuri standing in the ji, the steel bright and clear. Here and there a softer patch of hada appears, the so-called Rai-hada, which the record treats as a tell of the school rather than a fault. On the Karyaku 2 dated tanto the notes describe the nie-utsuri near the fukura taking on a yubashiri-like appearance, entering as though drooping down toward the tempered edge, an aspect frequently encountered not only in his work but throughout the Rai group.

His tanto carry the two poles of the range most plainly. The small ones with uchizori, often bearing the simple, skillful suken and gomabashi carvings the record calls most frequent in his work, follow the father so closely, down to the hardening over the machi, that they pass at first sight for Kunitoshi; a slender suguha blade of this class is read as early work. The large ones run wide, sunnobi and nearly without sori, and on them he tempers his midare, notare mixed with gunome or gunome-dominant patterns, in nie a step stronger than on his tachi; these, the sources write, resemble the work of his junior fellow pupil Rai Kunitsugu, being "tinged with the color of the Soshu tradition and filled with bold spirit"[[c:2]]. The tanto dated Karyaku 2 (1327) shows the manner already formed, and the largest of the class is the meibutsu Aratami Rai (新身来). The signatures follow the forms: "on tachi the mei is comparatively small"[[c:3]], cut low on the tang toward the mune, while on tanto a bold three-character mei is placed below the mekugi-ana; his character for Rai, the record adds, is cut in a form differing from that used by Kunitoshi. A chronology of the mei is established: those of the Karyaku and Gentoku years have a softness, the enclosing kuni component characteristically rounded, while those of Jowa and Kan'o harden and the enclosure turns angular. The long working span and these changes of style and signature sustain an argument for a first and a second generation, which the Kokon Kaji Meizukushi divides around Gentoku to Kenmu and around Koei; yet the single-generation view remains strong, and the published sources leave the question as one that should await further study.

Set beside his father, the judges' formula is exact: compared with Kunitoshi he yields a little in the point of dignity, but gives the impression of surpassing him in force[[c:4]]. His nie runs somewhat stronger, and the chikei in the ji together with the kinsuji and sunagashi in the ha lend the work its vigor. Beside Rai Kuniyuki he lacks the elder smith's expansiveness: the yakiba sits a shade tighter, ashi crowd in, and the boshi tends toward a point. The wide midare tanto can pass at a glance for Rai Kunitsugu, and there the record draws the line in a single sentence: against Kunitsugu his hardening sits a touch lower, and in the sharp boshi with its thrusting tendency[[c:5]] the individuality of this smith can be discerned. Even his standard suguha can momentarily suggest the Enju offshoot; of one such blade the notes say it can at first glance be confused with Enju, but on careful examination proves a step superior. With Kunitsugu he carries the Soshu-tinged manner that closes the Rai mainline into the Nanbokucho period.

Fujishiro grades him Sai-jo saku, and 249 designated works stand on record: three National Treasures and twenty Important Cultural Properties, preserved as patrimony in museums, shrines and long-held collections, with twenty-three Juyo Bijutsuhin and 197 blades in the Tokubetsu Juyo and Juyo tiers beneath them. Signed and unsigned works survive in nearly equal numbers, the tachi mostly osuriage and mumei, the tanto largely ubu and signed. Fifty-seven blades carry recorded provenance, and the roll is of the first rank: a tachi the record calls "a tachi worn by Ieyasu, treasured in the Tokugawa house together with the Honjo Masamune"[[c:6]]; heirlooms of the Kishu, Owari and Mito Tokugawa, the Date of Sendai, the Maeda of Kaga, and the Kuroda, Shimazu, Asano, Hosokawa, Ikeda and Satake houses, with pieces from the Imperial Family; among the Hon'ami appraisals that follow them is an origami of Genroku 3 (1690) by Hon'ami Kotsune valuing one Owari Tokugawa blade at 500 kan. Holders recorded against his blades today include the Tokyo National Museum, the Kyoto National Museum, the Tokugawa Art Museum, the Sano Art Museum and the Seikado Bunko Art Museum. For the private collector he is not wholly beyond reach: blades in the Tokubetsu Juyo and Juyo tiers remain in private hands and one appears on the market from time to time, though for a name of this rank such an appearance is infrequent, and an event when it comes.

Historical importance

Where Kunimitsu stands among comparable artisans: across all of nihontō, and within tradition, era, and period. The tiers (Foremost · Leading · Major · Notable) weigh official designations from the NBTHK and Japan's Agency for Cultural Affairs, together with historical honors of lasting repute such as the Sansaku and Meibutsu-chō.

随一
Foremost
屈指
Leading
有数
Major
著名
Notable

Select a lens to see how it's measured.

Designation record
259 designated works
Kokuhō (National Treasure)
3
Jūyō Bunkazai
21
Jūyō Bijutsuhin
14
Gyobutsu (Imperial)
6
Tokubetsu Jūyō
30
Jūyō
185
4 works by Kunimitsu on the market→
Kunimitsu — full profileRai (Yamashiro) school

Dated Works

Years he was demonstrably active, proven by signed-and-dated blades

Active period
1331–1351Editorial estimate: 1326–1351
5 of 98 designated works carry a date
1330
1340
1350
1360
About the school

Rai

来

Yamashiro-den · Yamashiro

45 pieces on the market now

›

A calm, lustrous steel is the first thing the connoisseur's eye is meant to settle on with the Rai school: a finely forged ko-itame (小板目) worked until it is dense and refined, over which the ji-nie lies thickly in minute particles, fine chikei (地景) enter, and a nie-utsuri rises in the ji. This bright, refined jihada, the surface the trade reads as Rai-hada when its softer, looser patches intrude, is the constant beneath every manner the house produced. Learn more →

23 recorded smiths1010 designated works
Leading smiths
SmithEraDesignated
Kuniyuki國行1259-1260125
Kunitoshi國俊1278-128879
Kunimitsu國光1326-1351259
Kunitsugu國次1311-132765
Kunitoshi國俊1288-1319196
Explore the Rai school →
NBTHK Certificate
Tokubetsu Hozon Tōken特別保存刀剣
Sword Especially Worthy of Preservation
›

A Hozon-certified blade judged to show notably superior workmanship and a better state of preservation. The bar is higher: re-tempered blades and most unsigned Muromachi/Edo works are excluded.

About the NBTHK›

The NBTHK (Nihon Bijutsu Tōken Hozon Kyōkai, the Society for the Preservation of Japanese Art Swords) is a public-interest incorporated foundation founded in 1948 and supervised by Japan’s Agency for Cultural Affairs (Bunkachō); it is based at the Japanese Sword Museum in Tokyo. Its expert panels physically examine each submitted work (shinsa) and issue a certificate (kanteishō) ranking it by artistic and historical merit. NBTHK papers are the most widely recognized standard of authentication for Japanese swords and fittings.

NBTHK official site→
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If you wish to return an item, please notify us within 3 days of receipt. After this period we cannot accept cancellations. Please ship the return to us within 5 business days. Cancellation is conditional on the item being kept in the same condition as at the time of sale, so please handle it with care.

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Description

This is a tanto signed by Rai Kunimitsu from the Kamakura period. It features a well-proportioned shape with a wide mihaba and thick kasane, along with intricate carvings and a nie-deki suguha hamon with active sunagashi and kinsuji. The tanto comes with a koshirae featuring shakudo fittings and a stingray skin saya.

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Swords›Yamashiro-den›Rai›Kunimitsu›Tanto: Rai Kunimitsu - NBTHK Tokubetsu Hozon
tantoTokubetsu Hozon
Rai Kunimitsu

Tanto: Rai Kunimitsu - NBTHK Tokubetsu Hozon

mei · Rai · Showa (1312-1317) · nagasa 25.6cm

SOLD
Rai Kunimitsu — 1 of 5
Rai Kunimitsu — 2 of 5
Rai Kunimitsu — 3 of 5
Rai Kunimitsu — 4 of 5
Rai Kunimitsu — 5 of 5
1 / 5
1 / 5
Rai Kunimitsu — 1 of 5Rai Kunimitsu — 2 of 5Rai Kunimitsu — 3 of 5Rai Kunimitsu — 4 of 5Rai Kunimitsu — 5 of 5
Measurements & details
Smith
Rai Kunimitsu
Type
Tanto
School
Rai
Period
Around 1326–1351(Karyaku–Kannō)
Province
Yamashiro
Signature
Signed(45% of this smith's designated works are signed)
Measurements
Nagasa 25.6cmMotohaba 2.41cmKasane 0.55cm
Description

This is a tanto signed by Rai Kunimitsu from the Kamakura period. It features a well-proportioned shape with a wide mihaba and thick kasane, along with intricate carvings and a nie-deki suguha hamon with active sunagashi and kinsuji. The tanto comes with a koshirae featuring shakudo fittings and a stingray skin saya.

About the maker

Kunimitsu

國光

Rai (Yamashiro) · Yamashiro · around 1326-1351

Fujishiro Sai-jo saku · Tōken Taikan top 3%

4 pieces on the market now

›

The dated works of Rai Kunimitsu (来国光) run from Karyaku 1 (1326) to Kan'o 2 (1351), carrying the Rai school of Yamashiro from the close of the Kamakura period into the early Nanbokucho period. By the prevailing tradition he is transmitted as a son of Rai Kunitoshi, by some accounts a pupil, and the published sources observe that the smith with the most surviving works in the school is Kunimitsu himself. Their constant judgment reaches further: he is "the most versatile smith of the Rai school, the one with the widest working range"[[c:1]]. The notes enumerate that range: beyond the traditional true suguha of the Kyoto line, there are works on a suguha base mixing ko-gunome and ko-choji, works in suguha with a slight ko-midare tendency, works in a notare tone mixed with gunome, and works whose midare is dominated by gunome, spread across tachi, tanto and ko-wakizashi of equally varied form.

His most numerous work is the wide, robust osuriage katana, unsigned yet keeping the deep, evenly arched curvature the published record calls wazori, the chu-kissaki often a little extended. On these blades the temper is a chu-suguha or hiro-suguha within which ko-gunome and ko-choji stand apart; ashi and yo enter thickly, and the nioiguchi runs deep, bright and clear. Ko-nie adheres richly, kinsuji and fine sunagashi pass through the ha, and the boshi is sugu with a komaru turnback. The conspicuous presence of gunome within the suguha is the recognition point the sources state outright, the feature that separates his hand from Kunitoshi and Kuniyuki; of one such katana the NBTHK writes that these features "clearly manifest the characteristic traits of Rai Kunimitsu."

The jigane is constant beneath all of his manners: a tightly packed ko-itame under thick, dust-fine ji-nie, with fine chikei woven in and a nie-utsuri standing in the ji, the steel bright and clear. Here and there a softer patch of hada appears, the so-called Rai-hada, which the record treats as a tell of the school rather than a fault. On the Karyaku 2 dated tanto the notes describe the nie-utsuri near the fukura taking on a yubashiri-like appearance, entering as though drooping down toward the tempered edge, an aspect frequently encountered not only in his work but throughout the Rai group.

His tanto carry the two poles of the range most plainly. The small ones with uchizori, often bearing the simple, skillful suken and gomabashi carvings the record calls most frequent in his work, follow the father so closely, down to the hardening over the machi, that they pass at first sight for Kunitoshi; a slender suguha blade of this class is read as early work. The large ones run wide, sunnobi and nearly without sori, and on them he tempers his midare, notare mixed with gunome or gunome-dominant patterns, in nie a step stronger than on his tachi; these, the sources write, resemble the work of his junior fellow pupil Rai Kunitsugu, being "tinged with the color of the Soshu tradition and filled with bold spirit"[[c:2]]. The tanto dated Karyaku 2 (1327) shows the manner already formed, and the largest of the class is the meibutsu Aratami Rai (新身来). The signatures follow the forms: "on tachi the mei is comparatively small"[[c:3]], cut low on the tang toward the mune, while on tanto a bold three-character mei is placed below the mekugi-ana; his character for Rai, the record adds, is cut in a form differing from that used by Kunitoshi. A chronology of the mei is established: those of the Karyaku and Gentoku years have a softness, the enclosing kuni component characteristically rounded, while those of Jowa and Kan'o harden and the enclosure turns angular. The long working span and these changes of style and signature sustain an argument for a first and a second generation, which the Kokon Kaji Meizukushi divides around Gentoku to Kenmu and around Koei; yet the single-generation view remains strong, and the published sources leave the question as one that should await further study.

Set beside his father, the judges' formula is exact: compared with Kunitoshi he yields a little in the point of dignity, but gives the impression of surpassing him in force[[c:4]]. His nie runs somewhat stronger, and the chikei in the ji together with the kinsuji and sunagashi in the ha lend the work its vigor. Beside Rai Kuniyuki he lacks the elder smith's expansiveness: the yakiba sits a shade tighter, ashi crowd in, and the boshi tends toward a point. The wide midare tanto can pass at a glance for Rai Kunitsugu, and there the record draws the line in a single sentence: against Kunitsugu his hardening sits a touch lower, and in the sharp boshi with its thrusting tendency[[c:5]] the individuality of this smith can be discerned. Even his standard suguha can momentarily suggest the Enju offshoot; of one such blade the notes say it can at first glance be confused with Enju, but on careful examination proves a step superior. With Kunitsugu he carries the Soshu-tinged manner that closes the Rai mainline into the Nanbokucho period.

Fujishiro grades him Sai-jo saku, and 249 designated works stand on record: three National Treasures and twenty Important Cultural Properties, preserved as patrimony in museums, shrines and long-held collections, with twenty-three Juyo Bijutsuhin and 197 blades in the Tokubetsu Juyo and Juyo tiers beneath them. Signed and unsigned works survive in nearly equal numbers, the tachi mostly osuriage and mumei, the tanto largely ubu and signed. Fifty-seven blades carry recorded provenance, and the roll is of the first rank: a tachi the record calls "a tachi worn by Ieyasu, treasured in the Tokugawa house together with the Honjo Masamune"[[c:6]]; heirlooms of the Kishu, Owari and Mito Tokugawa, the Date of Sendai, the Maeda of Kaga, and the Kuroda, Shimazu, Asano, Hosokawa, Ikeda and Satake houses, with pieces from the Imperial Family; among the Hon'ami appraisals that follow them is an origami of Genroku 3 (1690) by Hon'ami Kotsune valuing one Owari Tokugawa blade at 500 kan. Holders recorded against his blades today include the Tokyo National Museum, the Kyoto National Museum, the Tokugawa Art Museum, the Sano Art Museum and the Seikado Bunko Art Museum. For the private collector he is not wholly beyond reach: blades in the Tokubetsu Juyo and Juyo tiers remain in private hands and one appears on the market from time to time, though for a name of this rank such an appearance is infrequent, and an event when it comes.

Historical importance

Where Kunimitsu stands among comparable artisans: across all of nihontō, and within tradition, era, and period. The tiers (Foremost · Leading · Major · Notable) weigh official designations from the NBTHK and Japan's Agency for Cultural Affairs, together with historical honors of lasting repute such as the Sansaku and Meibutsu-chō.

随一
Foremost
屈指
Leading
有数
Major
著名
Notable

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Designation record
259 designated works
Kokuhō (National Treasure)
3
Jūyō Bunkazai
21
Jūyō Bijutsuhin
14
Gyobutsu (Imperial)
6
Tokubetsu Jūyō
30
Jūyō
185
4 works by Kunimitsu on the market→
Kunimitsu — full profileRai (Yamashiro) school

Dated Works

Years he was demonstrably active, proven by signed-and-dated blades

Active period
1331–1351Editorial estimate: 1326–1351
5 of 98 designated works carry a date
1330
1340
1350
1360
About the school

Rai

来

Yamashiro-den · Yamashiro

45 pieces on the market now

›

A calm, lustrous steel is the first thing the connoisseur's eye is meant to settle on with the Rai school: a finely forged ko-itame (小板目) worked until it is dense and refined, over which the ji-nie lies thickly in minute particles, fine chikei (地景) enter, and a nie-utsuri rises in the ji. This bright, refined jihada, the surface the trade reads as Rai-hada when its softer, looser patches intrude, is the constant beneath every manner the house produced. Learn more →

23 recorded smiths1010 designated works
Leading smiths
SmithEraDesignated
Kuniyuki國行1259-1260125
Kunitoshi國俊1278-128879
Kunimitsu國光1326-1351259
Kunitsugu國次1311-132765
Kunitoshi國俊1288-1319196
Explore the Rai school →
NBTHK Certificate
Tokubetsu Hozon Tōken特別保存刀剣
Sword Especially Worthy of Preservation
›

A Hozon-certified blade judged to show notably superior workmanship and a better state of preservation. The bar is higher: re-tempered blades and most unsigned Muromachi/Edo works are excluded.

About the NBTHK›

The NBTHK (Nihon Bijutsu Tōken Hozon Kyōkai, the Society for the Preservation of Japanese Art Swords) is a public-interest incorporated foundation founded in 1948 and supervised by Japan’s Agency for Cultural Affairs (Bunkachō); it is based at the Japanese Sword Museum in Tokyo. Its expert panels physically examine each submitted work (shinsa) and issue a certificate (kanteishō) ranking it by artistic and historical merit. NBTHK papers are the most widely recognized standard of authentication for Japanese swords and fittings.

NBTHK official site→
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If you wish to return an item, please notify us within 3 days of receipt. After this period we cannot accept cancellations. Please ship the return to us within 5 business days. Cancellation is conditional on the item being kept in the same condition as at the time of sale, so please handle it with care.

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