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  1. Schools
  2. Ko-Bizen
  3. Kageyasu

Ko-Bizen Kageyasu

景安

Tokujū
Vol. 13, No. 20 · Kodachi

Ko-Bizen Kageyasu

景安

27 ranked works

ProvinceBizenEraTeio (1222–1224)PeriodKamakuraSchoolKo-BizenTraditionBizen-denTeacherKagehideToko Taikan1,000(top 8%)TypeSwordsmithCodeKAG222
1Jūyō Bunkazai
8Jūyō Bijutsuhin
1Gyobutsu
6Tokubetsu Jūyō11Jūyō Tōken

Overview

The record Kageyasu (景安) under ", around Genryaku" (元暦頃), the era of 1184 to 1185, and the counts him among the smiths of the stream at the opening of the period. His record divides into two signature registers: a rare group cut with the small, long signature no Kageyasu (備前国景安), and a comparatively numerous group signed with two large characters in a thick chisel. The Kokon Meizukushi (古今銘尽) makes him an smith and a son of Kagehide, but the published sources reject the claim on the work itself, finding that the and the manner of the are in the mode, so that the theory does not hold. Whether he belongs to or to the earliest is left open; that he does not descend later than the early period is held firm. One tradition makes him a pupil of Yoshinori (義憲の門).

His hallmark the names outright. The mixes, somewhere within an overall -toned line, angular of character (直刃調のどこかに互の目調の角ばる刃を交え), and between widely spaced and it shows and (間遠の互の目や丁子の合間に飛焼・湯走りを見せる), traits the published sources call clearly distinctive. The commentary on his presses the point, observing that in most of the surviving works angular elements invariably accompany the temper somewhere along the edge. Honma Junji adds that even in the flamboyant pieces "an angular mixes in somewhere in almost every case" (殆どいずこかに角張った刃文が交じる). The squared edge is matched by an unusual weighting of the temper. Where the habit of the old masters is , leads in his work, and stands further forward in his than in the peers Tomonari, Masatsune and Kanehira, in whose recorded blades the squared does not appear at all.

The form is slender, the high with pronounced , the blade gathered into a ; of one long-signed the published sources write that the figure is "beautiful and unmistakably refined" (太刀姿が美しくいかにも上品である). The is , mixed in places with and flowing , with a slight tendency to stand. adheres well, enter, and a rises, with mixing on some blades. The temper works in , either a -toned or a mixed with . and enter well, and appear, and the runs deep on some blades while tightening in places on others. The as a rule runs to a small round turnback, and the published record notes the habit that even where the lower half runs to , "the tends to settle large and straight" (帽子は兎角、大きく直ぐになるものが多い). On one the emerges only partially in fashion, and the commentary reads that technically unfinished rendering as an archaic charm, strengthening a date before the middle period.

The two registers carry the scholarship. The long-signature group, few in number, is judged correctly , and in the comparison "the long signature shows the more archaic air, and the characters of the signature are somewhat more naive" (長銘の方がより古調を呈しており、銘字もやや稚拙であり); whether the difference from the two-character group is one of production date or of different men is, the published sources say, a matter requiring further study. Within the two-character signature itself a bold thick-chisel hand and a finer chisel are distinguished, so several smiths of the name are considered to have existed, the workmanship supporting the view; later homonyms worked in the Fukuoka and Yoshioka , the and the Yoshii lines. One preserving only the character on its shortened carries a of 1688 appraising it to Kageyasu at thirteen gold pieces, and Honma observes that its angular carries even a sealed-bid appraisal straight to Kageyasu (入札鑑定でも、素直に景安と鑑せられる), taking the blade as evidence that the smith stands in the line.

That bridge position defines his school role. The standing forward in his small irregular temper is read as the manner the earliest inherit, the published sources writing of one that "it seems that this manner of workmanship was later carried forward into Ko-" (やがてこの作風が古一文字に受け継がれていくように思われる). For so early a smith the works survive in relative number, and the Bijutsuhin commentary rates the hand plainly: his works are "comparatively numerous, and skilled" (比較的に多く、上手である). The record holds one singular document of form as well. Extant begin with the smiths of the early period, and the signed by Kageyasu, an blade of 53.5 cm with and , is likely the only one from his hand.

Twenty-seven designated works stand on record, and against the habit of so early an age the record is overwhelmingly signed, twenty-three signed blades against four unsigned. One blade holds Important Cultural Property rank, one is recorded in the Imperial collection, and eight are Bijutsuhin, certified across the 1930s and 1940s. The tier a private collector may realistically encounter is the six and eleven , though blades of this age are held long, and a signed reaching the open market is a rare event. Of recorded whereabouts, his blades rest at Kashima Jingu, the Tsuchiura City Museum, the Sano Art Museum and the Samurai Art Museum in Berlin. Eleven blades carry recorded provenance, and the roll is distinguished: the 'in-no-miya house, whose Prince Haruhito held the signed ; the Date of Sendai, with whom a remained from early times; a branch of the Yonezawa Uesugi, in whose line the descended; the Migita Mori; and the Yanagisawa, whose blade came as a grant from the shogunal house and carries an old of 1661.

Kantei

two signature registers: the rare classical long-mei hand, and the numerous bold nijimei hand carrying the angular-gunome tell

Kageyasu is an early Kamakura smith of the Ko-Bizen stream, placed by the Meikan around Genryaku (1184-85), and he survives in two signature registers: a rare, older group signed small in the long mei Bizen no kuni Kageyasu, and a relatively numerous group signed with a large, bold two-character mei. His tell, which the NBTHK names outright, is a suguha-toned yakiba into which angular, squared ko-gunome mix somewhere along the blade, with tobiyaki and yubashiri playing in the low stretches and between spaced gunome and choji. Choji stands far more forward in his work than in any other Ko-Bizen hand, and the manner is read as flowing onward into the earliest Ichimonji.

Diagnostic discriminators

unique vs profiled Ko-Bizen peers (Tomonari, Masatsune, Kanehira)

48% of his works · 6.9× vs Ko-Bizen Masatsune

65% of his works · 2.3× vs Ko-Bizen Masatsune

Observation by phase

Long-signature register (Bizen no kuni Kageyasu): the older, classical Ko-Bizen manner

the small-character long signature 備前国景安 (few works survive; style and mei are judged older than the nijimei group)

A slim, small-pointed tachi form that the NBTHK calls this hand's usual manner; the itame is well kneaded with ji-nie and at times a midare-utsuri, and the yakiba is a suguha-toned ko-midare in ko-nie with ashi and yo entering well, the nioiguchi tightening in places. The long-mei group is judged correctly Ko-Bizen, its mei older and more naive than the nijimei hand.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文

Nijimei register: the angular-gunome manner (the typical Kageyasu)

the large, bold two-character mei cut with a thick chisel (the relatively numerous register; Ko-Bizen or earliest Ichimonji is left open)

Tachi with high koshizori, funbari and a small point, often carrying bohi carved off in kakinagashi; over an itame mixing flowing hada, the grain standing somewhat, with ji-nie, chikei and a midare-utsuri, he quenches a suguha-toned yakiba into which angular, squared ko-gunome mix somewhere along the blade, choji rising mid-blade at times to a flamboyant midare, ashi and yo abundant, ko-nie with kinsuji and sunagashi; the boshi runs sugu to a small round turnback.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

The Meikan place him around Genryaku (1184-85); the NBTHK dates the surviving work no later than the early Kamakura period.

Within the two-character mei there are a bold thick-chisel hand and a finer chisel, so several same-name smiths are considered to have existed, and the workmanship supports it.

One tradition makes the long-mei Kageyasu a pupil of Yoshinori.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai1
Jūyō Bijutsuhin8
Gyobutsu1
Tokubetsu Jūyō6
Jūyō Tōken11

Elite Standing

0.91 across 27 designated works

Top 2% among smiths

Provenance

12 documented provenances across certified works by Kageyasu

Provenance Standing

4 works held in elite collections across 12 documented provenances

Top 13% among smiths

Raw score: 2.30 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 27 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 27 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

TeacherKagehide
Kageyasu

Ko-Bizen School

Other artisans of the Ko-Bizen school

  1. 1.Tomonari友成34designated
  2. 2.Masatsune正恒66designated
  3. 3.Kanehira包平32designated
  4. 4.Yoshikane吉包46designated
  5. 5.Nobufusa信房13designated
  6. 6.Naritaka成高9designated
  7. 7.Yukihide行秀16designated
  8. 8.Sukekane助包1 for sale28designated
  9. 9.Motochika基近4designated
  10. 10.Junkei順慶7designated
  11. 11.Tsunemitsu恒光8designated
  12. 12.Toshitsune利恒21designated