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Overview·Kantei·Designations·Provenance·Blade Forms·Signatures·Lineage·School
OverviewKanteiDesignationsProvenanceBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Aoe
  3. Chū-Aoe
  4. Suketsugu

Aoe Suketsugu

助次

Tokujū
Vol. 13, No. 43 · Tachi

Aoe Suketsugu

助次

15 ranked works

ProvinceBitchuEraKocho (1261–1264)PeriodKamakuraSchoolAoeTraditionBizen-denGeneration1stFujishiroJo sakuToko Taikan1,500(top 5%)TypeSwordsmithCodeSUK571
2Jūyō Bijutsuhin
4Tokubetsu Jūyō9Jūyō Tōken

Overview

Suketsugu of the school in worked in the early period and is transmitted as the son of Toshitsugu, one of the representative smiths of the group in its old phase. The name then ran through several generations to the end of , a later bearer leaving a Shōwa-era date and the long signature reading -no- Masu-no-Higashi-no-shō Suketsugu . Against that descent, the published sources fix the surviving works of this signature manner as the earliest of the name: by the there were three Suketsugu active in the period, and of the works extant 「現存するものの中では最も時代の古いもの」 is what the judges call this hand. He works the quiet , his slender to standard in build with a high , standing and a or ; a and a survive in his hand, and one is attributed to him.

His characteristic hand is a chū- or , very shallowly undulating in , broken by a little with and mixed in. , and enter, adheres well and the draws tight, with fine and playing and or at the edge here and there. The runs straight and turns in a small , at times lightly brushed with or tending faintly to point. The base is the constant of his work, and what distinguishes him within the school is the degree to which that base is interrupted by , a little and mixing with it. The slant, the and -tending elements that mark his fellows, is the muted side of him: where enters at all, it rides quietly on the . His is the calmest and least slanting of the named .

The forging is a mixing , here and there running into and standing a little overall, with attached and fine entering. mixes into it and clear shows, the steel taking on the crepe-silk the school is known for, the color tending slightly dark, and a faint, sometimes dan-like rising. The published sources generalize this base for the whole group and for him in turn: the smiths of this generation worked a forging in which stands out and the tends to rise into 「いわゆる縮緬状の肌合」, with often mixing in, over which they tempered either a calm or a broken by small , the generally well attached, the whole conveying, against the work of the period, a quieter and more subdued flavor. , where present, are run kaki-nagashi or carried through .

The signature is the school's own and the point the judges name. On the , the worn-inward face of the , below the and near the tang tip, he cuts a bold, large two-character with a thick chisel, the strokes deeply struck, paired with the steep filing. The published sources read the date off the cutting: 「助次は同名数代あるが、この銘振のものが古い」, the bolder cursive forms being the earlier, while later hands keep the thick chisel but square the calligraphy toward . Within his work the judges set two registers. The rule is the quiet above, the calm composition that 「同派の典型的且つ代表的な太刀」 displays. Against it stands a single flamboyant outlier: a on which, 「同派の常と相違して焼幅広く」, the temper hardens wide with , and , and entering, the running wet and brushing into a flame. For this manner the judges point to 「国宝に指定されている島津家伝来の康次の太刀」, the Yasutsugu handed down in the Shimazu house and designated a , and call the blade a precious work showing one stylistic mode within .

What the published sources note plainly is that the individuality of the man himself is slight, the manner of the school standing forward more than the hand: even a representative is praised yet marked as 「助次の個性に乏しい憾がある」. The restraint they read as a virtue, calling the work old and elegant, the quiet showing well over a dignified stance, the and healthy and rich in quiet flavor. He sits at the early- core of , named together with Moritsugu, Tametsugu, Tsuguie, Tsugutada, Sadatsugu, Yasutsugu, Kanetsugu, Tsunetsugu and his father Toshitsugu, most of them sharing the character tsugu as the family element. His quiet -broken stands just upstream of the school's later turn toward the -based and slanting of its masters such as Naotsugu and Yoshitsugu. The judges name the school's tang evidence as the proof of the place: that the smiths cut the on the and file in steep is a point of difference from and the like, and on his tang it is kept sharp and plain.

Fujishiro grades him Jō-. The weight of designation behind his name is substantial for so quiet a hand: four of his blades reach the tier and a further nine the , thirteen in the and tiers together, with two more on the prewar Jūyō-Bijutsuhin roll. Almost all are signed ; the surviving in his hand the published sources call 「古青江助次の現存稀な剣の作例は貴重であり、資料的価値も頗る高い」, the school's old steel showing fine near the edge with thickly attached, and giving the and conspicuous activity. The recorded provenance is thin but real. One on the Jūyō-Bijutsuhin roll passed through Sugiyama Shigemaru, who held it with a Moritsugu and mountings before presenting it to Amiya, and was recorded with Ogura Yōkichi of Tokyo; the attribution was recorded with Maeda Toshinari. Current whereabouts are partial: of those on record his blades are held by the Tokugawa Art Museum, the Hayashibara Museum of Art and Itsukushima Jinja, with the rest in private hands. A signed Suketsugu is not wholly beyond reach, since his blades trade within the and tiers; but most designated work is held rather than offered, and an example of the calmest old comes to a private collector only rarely, and with patience.

Kantei

essentially one Ko-Aoe suguha manner, the oldest of the Suketsugu name, carried in two registers: the prime quiet suguha-with-ko-gunome that is his rule, and a single flamboyant outlier of wide hardening with choji and gunome that the judges set beside the National-Treasure Koji tachi of the Shimazu

Suketsugu, transmitted as the son of Tsugunao and one of the representative smiths of Ko-Aoe in the early Kamakura period; the name continued in several generations down to the end of Kamakura, and the records treat the surviving works in this corpus as the oldest of them, with one Showa-nenki long-mei piece reading Bitchu-no-kuni Masu-no-Higashi-no-sho Aoe Suketsugu saku attesting the later branch. His base is the quiet Ko-Aoe suguha: a chu or hoso-suguha broken by ko-gunome and a little ko-choji and ko-midare, with saka-ashi and yo entering, ko-nie well attached and a tight nioiguchi, over a small-itame mixing mokume that stands a little and takes on the crepe-silk chirimen-hada, with patchy jifu, clear sumihada and a faint, often dan-like utsuri. The boshi is sugu with a ko-maru return. The signature evidence is the school's own: a bold, large two-character mei cut with a thick chisel low on the omote-of-the-back of the nakago, and the steep o-sujikai filing. He works the calmest, most ko-gunome-broken suguha of the named Ko-Aoe hands.

Diagnostic discriminators

57% of his works · 6.3× vs Tsugunao (Aoe), his father

84% of his works · 1.3× vs Tsugunao (Aoe), his father

16% of his works · 0.2× vs Naotsugu (Aoe)

mei register: the two-character mei 助次 cut low on the omote-of-the-back of the nakago with a thick chisel, deeply and boldly struck, paired with the steep o-sujikai filing; this is the signature the judges name as the kantei point, and the cutting style places the date, the bolder cursive forms being the older

Observation by phase

Prime manner: the quiet Ko-Aoe suguha broken by ko-gunome, early Kamakura

Tachi run slender to standard with the koshizori high and fumbari standing, ending in a small or chu kissaki; one kodachi and one ken survive, and one mumei katana is attributed. The kitae is a small-itame mixing mokume, here and there running into masa, standing a little overall, with ji-nie attached, fine chikei entering, jifu mixed in and clear sumihada patches, taking on the crepe-silk chirimen-hada the school is known for, the steel tending dark, with a faint, sometimes dan-like utsuri rising. The hamon is a chu or fine suguha, very shallowly undulating, broken by ko-gunome with a little ko-choji and ko-midare, ko-ashi and saka-ashi and yo entering, ko-nie well attached and the nioiguchi tight, fine kinsuji and sunagashi playing, with kuichigaiba and hotsure at the edge here and there. The boshi is sugu with a ko-maru return, at times lightly brushed with hakikake or tending to point. Horimono are bo-hi, kaki-nagashi or kaki-toshi. The nakago is ubu or suriage with the steep o-sujikai filing, the bold large two-character mei cut with a thick chisel low on the omote-of-the-back, the cutting deeply struck and archaic.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
The quiet suguha core: the typical and representative Ko-Aoe manner— the bold large two-character mei cut with a thick chisel low on the omote-of-the-back of the nakago, with the steep o-sujikai filing; the judges name this signature register, kept on 84% of his texts, the kantei point of the smith and the school
大筋違o-sujikai二字銘niji-mei
The flamboyant outlier: wide hardening with choji and gunome, against the school's norm— a single Tokubetsu Juyo tachi (and one Juyo) on which the hamon, against the school's usual restraint, hardens wide with choji, gunome and pointed elements, tobiyaki and hotsure, the boshi running wet and brushing into a kaen flame; the judges set it beside the National-Treasure Koji tachi handed down in the Shimazu house
Scholarship

The Meikan records three smiths of the name in the Kamakura period; the judges state that the surviving works of this type are the oldest of them, the bolder cursive cutting of the mei marking the earlier hand against the more squared later forms.

Suketsugu is transmitted as the son of the first Tsugunao, and the records note a later Suketsugu bearing a Shōwa-era date and the long signature Bitchu-no-kuni Masu-no-Higashi-no-sho Aoe Suketsugu saku, by which the name is read across several generations.

The judges name the school's nakago evidence explicitly: that the Ko-Aoe smiths cut the mei on the omote-of-the-back and file the nakago in steep o-sujikai is a point of difference from Ko-Bizen and the like, and on Suketsugu's tang it is kept sharp and plain.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai—
Jūyō Bijutsuhin2
Gyobutsu—
Tokubetsu Jūyō4
Jūyō Tōken9

Elite Standing

0.36 across 15 designated works

Top 7% among smiths

Provenance

2 documented provenances across certified works by Suketsugu

Provenance Standing

1 works held in elite collections across 2 documented provenances

Top 69% among smiths

Raw score: 1.91 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 15 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 15 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

Suketsugu
Students (2)
  1. 1.Chikatsugu親次1designated
  2. 2.Suketane助植

Aoe School

Other artisans of the Aoe school

  1. 1.Tsugunao次直27designated
  2. 2.Yasutsugu康次11designated
  3. 3.Naotsugu直次15designated
  4. 4.Tsunetsugu恒次13designated
  5. 5.Kanetsugu包次9designated
  6. 6.Yoshitsugu吉次1 for sale17designated
  7. 7.Moritsugu守次9designated
  8. 8.Masatsune正恒16designated
  9. 9.Tametsugu爲次6designated
  10. 10.Toshitsugu俊次6designated
  11. 11.Moritoshi守利9designated
  12. 12.Tsuguyoshi次吉16designated