説明

Antique Japanese Sword Katana Signed by Tachibana Masateru with Tokubetsu Hozon Certificate 【Description】 This blade was signed by Echizen no Kami Hōjōji Tachibana Masateru (越前守法城寺橘正照) in the 2nd year of Tenwa era (A.D.1682, early Edo period). Hōjōji refers to the prestigious swordsmith school to which he belonged, while Echizen no Kami is an honorary court title granted in recognition of his exceptional craftsmanship, associated with the Echizen domain (present-day Fukui Prefecture). Tachibana is his family name. He initially studied under Hōjōji Masahiro and is also recorded to have trained under the second-generation Kanemichi. For this reason, some of his tangs (nakago) bear the imperial chrysanthemum crest (kikumon), which was associated with Kanemichi’s lineage. Masateru later received the honorary title of Echizen no Kami and is believed to have resided in Akita, in the former Ugo Province. The Edo Hōjōji school traces its origins to Hōjōji Kunimitsu of Tajima Province, and later established itself in Edo (present-day Tokyo). Through familial ties with the Edo Ishidō school, the Hōjōji school expanded its influence and enjoyed significant prosperity. Within this flourishing group—which included skilled smiths such as Sadakuni, Kunimasa, Masahiro, Masanori, and Masatsugu—Masateru stood out as a particularly exceptional craftsman, leaving behind many finely forged blades. Additionally, existing collaborative works between Masateru and other prominent smiths—such as Kazusa no Kami Kaneshige, Sukekurō Kanetsune, the 4th generation Yasutsugu, and Izumo no Daijō Yoshitake—suggest that he maintained close professional relationships with other major figures of his time. It is appraised as a Tokubetsu Hozon Token (特別保存刀剣) issued by NBTHK (Nihon Bijutsu Touken Hozon Kyokai:日本美術刀剣保存協会). This authentication paper was only given to authentic Japanese swords, especially well preserved and high quality with artistic value. *Please keep in mind that there are some light rust spots on the groove and the Mune (backbone) of this blade. If you like to know the detailed condition, please feel free to contact us. 【Blade】 Cutting Edge Length(Nagasa) : 63.9 cm (25.1 inches) Curvature(Sori) : 2.1 cm (0.82 inches) Hamon : The crystalline structure which forms along the cutting edge of a blade as a result of the hardening process Jimon(Jihada) : visible steel surface pattern created by folding and hammering during forging process Kissaki : Kissaki is the tip of the Japanese sword. Nakago : Nakago is the tang of the Japanese sword. Japanese swordsmiths left the black rust on the tang because it prevents red rust while the tang is in its handle. And the discoloration of the tang was created over time, and it is a great indicator for a Japanese sword specialist to estimate when the sword was forged. Koshirae :Koshirae is the mounting of the Japanese sword. There are several parts that consist of Koshirae such as Saya (Scabbard), Tsuka (Handle), Tsuba (Handguard). Fuchi-Kashira : A pair of matching sword fittings that cover the upper and bottom parts of its sword hilt. Tsuka and Menuki : Tsuka is the handle of the Japanese sword and Menuki is its decoration. The theme of this menuki is the grape (budō, 葡萄). In Japanese art and symbolism, the grape motif is often associated with fertility, good health, and longevity, and is regarded as an auspicious design. Interestingly, the word budō (grape) shares the same pronunciation as budō (武道), which means “martial arts” in Japanese. Because of this phonetic overlap, the grape pattern has been interpreted as symbolically connected to Bushidō (武士道), the code of the samurai. This connection is thought to be one reason why many samurai appreciated the grape motif. A particularly popular variation is the grape and squirrel motif, known as budō risu (葡萄栗鼠). Squirrels have been familiar animals to people since ancient times, and this design is believed to have been introduced to Japan during the Muromachi period (1

Antique Japanese Sword Katana Signed by Tachibana Masateru NBTHK Tokubetsu Hozon Certificate
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Antique Japanese Sword Katana Signed by Tachibana Masateru NBTHK Tokubetsu Hozon Certificate

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仕様

長さ

63.9 cm

反り

2.1 cm

流派について

Hojoji School法城寺派

1 重要美術品1 特別重要刀剣39 重要刀剣

法城寺は但馬国の地名であり、この派の名はそこに発する。各工の説明書がまず立ち返るのは、南北朝期この地に住んだ薙刀の名手国光であって、国光のことを地名をもって法城寺と呼び習わしたと繰り返し記される。古刀の法城寺はこの国光を源とし、銘鑑に初・二代を挙げて初代を貞治、二代を応永とするが、有銘の太刀・薙刀は伝わらず、その盛名を担う薙刀および薙刀直しはことごとく無銘極めである。古来「相州貞宗の三哲の一人」に数える伝を、説明書は引くたびに「多くの疑問があり、俄かに賛成出来ない」「妥当を欠く」と退け、むしろ備前物の影響が強いと結ぶ。新刀期に至り、この但馬の流れを汲む一門が江戸に移って大いに栄えた。その初代を近江守正弘とし、これに直ぐ次ぐ貞国、吉次・正照・永国らの良工を輩出して、寛文・延宝の頃には江戸で最も多くの人数をもった鍛冶集団と呼ばれた。古刀の但馬法城寺と、江戸に分流した新刀の法城寺と、この二つの活動地・時代を一派の両端として読むべきである。 作風は古刀と新刀とで趣を異にする。古刀の無銘極めは、華やかな丁子乱れを焼いて一見備前一文字に見紛うほどでありながら、地刃の沸が一段と強く、大模様の鍛えに地景が入って肌立ち、刃中に金筋・砂流しを頻りにあしらう点で備前から分かたれる。地鉄は板目に大板目・流れ肌を交えて大模様に肌立ち、乱れ映りは鮮明な口少なく淡い口が多く、その淡さこそ但州法城寺の見どころと記される。在銘の短刀は趣を全く異にし、細直刃・中直刃に二重刃を交える手と、小のたれに互の目を交え砂流しさかんにかかる手とに分かれる。これに対し江戸新刀は、各工が一様に直刃を本領とする。正弘は匂深い直刃を得意とし、広直刃に小互の目を連れ、小沸むらなく厚くつき、二重刃をまま交え、地鉄は小板目をよくつめ地沸を微塵に厚くつけてかね明るい。貞国はこれに酷似して互の目を交え砂流しを走らせ、ただ地刃の冴えと匂口の力強さが正弘に僅かに及ばないとされる。吉次は一門中で互の目が最も目立ち、小のたれに数珠刃風の互の目を連ね、覇気に満ちた作域を示す。正照は中直刃に優れ、永国は直刃の焼出しより連なる互の目を一定の軸とする。帽子はおおむね直ぐに小丸へ返り先掃きかけるのを常とし、姿は鎬低く元先の幅差目立ち反り浅く中鋒つまる寛文新刀の体配を、各工がそれぞれの手で読んでいる。 鑑定の勘所は、この古刀と新刀の二つの面にそれぞれ立つ。古刀では、淡い乱れ映りと大模様に肌立つ鍛え、地刃の顕著な働きをもって備前と分かち、無銘極めの薙刀直しと在銘短刀との間に出来口の通うところを見出して一人の工に繋ぐのが眼目である。本間順治はこの手の薙刀直しを初代但州国光とし、無銘物には本阿弥光温・光忠ら代々の極めが付く。新刀では、各工の説明書がそろって長曽祢虎徹に近いことを記し、就中正弘を諸工のうち最も虎徹に近いとして、山野家の截断金象嵌を多く帯びる縁から法城寺一派と虎徹一門の相当近い関係を推す。判者が引く類比はみな上に向かい、貞国・吉次の優品は兼重ら江戸の名手に迫るとされ、その匂深く匂口明るい刃と微塵の地沸が、この一派を共通して支える。主要工の格は、古刀の国光が藤代上々作で重要文化財をも数えるのに対し、新刀の各工は上作ないし作に位し、その指定はおおむね重要刀剣の級にとどまる。伝来は、古刀国光の短刀が秋元家・前田家・徳松ゆかりの名物として伝わるのに対し、新刀の各工は大名家への古い伝来をほとんど記されず、山野家の截断銘がしばしば伝来の名を補う。市に現れるのは新刀の在銘作が折々のことに過ぎず、截断銘を帯びた出来のよい一口は、探すより俟つに値する。

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