説明

Antique Japanese Sword Katana Signed by Shigemune with NBTHK Tokubetsu Hozon Certificate 【Description】 This sword was signed by Chikuzen Jyu Minamoto Nobukuni Shigemune(筑前住源信邦重宗) in the middle of the Edo Period. Chikuzen is the name of the province located in Fukuoka today. Jyu means living. Minamoto Nobukuni is the name of his school, and Shigemune is his maker’s name. Those who belonged to Nobukuni School in Chikuzen province were called Tsukushi Nobukuni, one of the most prospered sword forging schools in Kyushu island. The Nobukuni school was initially founded by the first generation Nobukuni in Kyoto. The school stayed there for a few generations. However, the 4th generation Nobukuni Sadamitsu had to leave Kyoto city as the battle between the south emperor court and north emperor court became severe, and the Kyoto city was burned(the late 1300’s ). We called this battle Nanbokucho war when the Japanese imperial court was separated into two.Nobukuni Sadamitsu managed to arrive at Usaha(Ohita prefecture)to serve the Ajimu clan. However, after Ajimu clan was destroyed, The 12th generation Nobukuni Yoshisada moved to Chikuzen(Fukuoka prefecture)to work for Kuroda Nagamasa, a famous feudal lord(1602). The son of 12th generation Nobukuni was the first generation Yoshimasa. This blade was forged by the third generation Yoshimasa in around 1688-1703 A.D. (in the middle of the Edo period. Shigemune was the name used by the third generation Nobukuni Yoshimasa at the end of his career as a swordsmith. It was common for some swordsmiths to change his name, especially when they got a new title from the emperor or took over the school from their masters. This sword has a Tokubetsu Hozon certificate issued by NBTHK. This authentication paper was only given to Japanese swords, especially worth preserving by Nihon Bijutsu Touken Hozon Kyokai(the Society for the Preservation of the Japan Art Sword). This blade is in excellent condition, and the Suguha Hamon is beautiful to observe. It comes with Gold color Saya(sword case). 【 Blade】 Cutting Edge Length(Nagasa) : 68.2 cm(26.9 inches) Curvature(Sori) : 1.4 cm(0.6 inches) Hamon : The blade pattern created by the tempering process. Jimon : Visible surface pattern on the steel Nakago : It has a signature that says 筑前住源信国重宗(Chikuzen Jyu Minamoto Nobukuni Shigemune) Fuchi-Kashira : A pair of matching sword fittings that cover the upper and bottom parts of its sword hilt. The faint pattern of a creature that looks like a bird can be seen at Kashira. It might be Houou (鳳凰, Fenghuang) a member of four fantasy animals which is called “Shirei (四霊)” with Kirin (麒麟, Qilin), Kame (亀, Turtle) and Ryu (龍, Dragon). It is a god beast that looks like a combination of chicken and peacock. It is believed Houou would show up when the brilliant emperor appeared. People appreciate its graceful shape in Japan. Tsuka and Menuki : Tsuka is the handle of the Japanese sword and Menuki is its decoration. Grape design is sculptured. The grape pattern symbolizes fertility, a plentiful harvest, longevity, and prosperity for descendants. Tsuba and Habaki : Tsuba is the handguard for the Japanese Sword and Habaki is the equipment to make the blade not touch its scabbard inside.It prevents the blade from getting rusty and chipped. It has the openwork of eight bridges, and Japanese iris are engraved. Japanese iris is called “Shoubu” in Japanese, and another word “Shoubu” means battle in Japanese. These two words have the same pronunciation; therefore, lots of Samurai loved this flower pattern. Shoubu was also used for spells of longevity, and people believed Shoubu would protect them from evil spirits. Saya : Saya is the scabbard for the Japanese sword. Authentication Paper : NBTHK TOKUBETSU Hozon Certificate for the blade NBTHK, also known as Nihon Bijutsu Touken Hozon Kyokai (the Society for the Preservation of the Japan Art Sword), is one of the oldest Japanese sword appraising organizations in modern-day Japan. They authen

Antique Japanese Sword Katana Signed by Shigemune NBTHK Tokubetsu Hozon Certificate
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Antique Japanese Sword Katana Signed by Shigemune NBTHK Tokubetsu Hozon Certificate

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仕様

長さ

68.2 cm

反り

1.4 cm

流派について

Nobukuni School信国派

2 重要刀剣

信国派は山城国京都に興った名門で、その流れは南北朝時代に遡る。一派の祖と仰がれる信国は了戒系の京鍛冶で、血脈の上では来の伝統を承けながら、修業の上では相州貞宗の門に入って貞宗三哲の一人に数えられた。来の系譜と相州伝という二つの根がこの一門の作のすべてを導く。銘鑑は祖を建武に置くが、説明書はこれを繰り返し退ける。建武年間の作は残らず、現存最古の延文・貞治の年紀作が貞宗に直結することから、本会は延文・貞治の工をもって初代と見做す。南北朝の末期には永徳・至徳・明徳の代替りの信国が続き、同銘数工があったと見られる。室町初期には左衛門尉・式部丞を冠する応永信国が栄え、これを通常三代と数える。一派は後に豊前へ、さらに筑前へ移り、慶長の頃より明治初年まで福岡藩黒田家の抱え鍛冶として吉貞・吉政・吉次・吉包・重包の代々を出し、新々刀期まで栄えた。 一派に通う語法は、まず地鉄に現れる。鍛えは杢を交えた板目で、刃寄りに流れて柾となりやや肌立ち、地沸を厚くとり地景が頻りに入り、よくつんだ作には淡い沸映りが立つ。刃寄りに流れる鍛えは了戒系の所伝を首肯せしめる証とされ、厚い地沸と頻りの地景は貞宗に学んだ相州伝の痕跡として読まれる。刃文は文様の如何を問わず沸で焼かれ、砂流し・金筋が絶えず働き、匂口は明るい。その作域は二様を基とする。一つは来派の伝統を示した直刃で、中直刃・細直刃に小沸つき、細かにほつれ喰違刃・二重刃ごころを交えて京物の格調を伝える。いま一つは貞宗風ののたれ乱れで、小のたれに互の目・小互の目を交え、足・葉入り、沸厚く明るく、刃縁にほつれ湯走りがかかり、最も多く出会う作域をなす。帽子はのたれ込みまたは乱れ込んで小丸となり掃きかける。御家芸とも言うべき濃密な彫物も貞宗譲りで、梵字・素剣・護摩箸・三鈷剣・倶利迦羅を重ね彫りにし、刀身に八幡大菩薩の神号を切る作もあって、彫物によって一門を見分けうる。代を下ると差異が明瞭となる。南北朝末期の後代は一派に初めて太刀を生み、二様に加えて互の目主調の乱れ刃を新たに見せ、互の目が二つ宛連れたものを腰の低い小のたれで繋ぐ矢筈状の刃を見どころとする。応永信国は左衛門尉が「国」の字のクニ構えの中を左字に作る点を大きな鑑別点とし、直刃と互の目乱れの双方に冴えた沸を宿す。筑前に移った吉包・重包は相州伝の志向と、流れ肌の乱れ映りを伴う一派の丁子乱れとを高い技倆で並べ持ち、重包は名物写しの名手として石堂風に紛う華やかな丁子を、地沸・地景・刃中の沸の顕著さによって石堂と分かった。 鑑定の勘所は明快である。刃寄りに流れる柾がかった肌、厚い地沸と頻りの地景、沸で焼いた直刃と貞宗風ののたれ乱れ、重ね彫りの宗教彫物が一門を束ね、相州の同門とも後世の備前丁子とも分かつ拠りどころとなる。無銘極めも代の弁別も延文三年紀の作との照合によって決せられ、後代は連れ互の目と矢筈刃で、応永信国は逆字の銘で、筑前の工は流れ肌の乱れ映りで読み分けられる。藤代の極めは初代信国を上々作とし、後代から応永信国まで京古刀の上位に列し、筑前の吉包・重包は地方新刀の堅実な工として上作の評を得る。在銘作は祖において短刀・小脇指に限られて稀であり、それゆえ年紀のある後代の太刀・薙刀は何よりの好資料として貴ばれる。伝来は大名家と社寺に厚く、黒田家・浅野家・山内家・佐竹家らの蔵刀に加え、本願寺名物や富士山本宮浅間大社に奉納された式部丞の脇指がある。上位指定の多くは公私の蔵に秘められて市に現れず、在銘の信国が世に出ること自体が稀であって、現れた時は南北朝以来の山城物の蒐集で特筆すべき機会となる。

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