説明

Antique Japanese Sword Katana Signed by Sadamori with NBTHK Tokubetsu Hozon Certificate 【Description】 According to the signature and the authentication paper issued by NBTHK, it was forged by Omi no Kami Minamoto Rai Sadamori in Yamashiro province(today’s Kyoto) in SHINTO era. SHINTO era is a Japanese sword terminology that refers to the blades forged during 1596-1763. Based on this blade’s style, we believe it was forged during the early Edo period(1661-1673). Yamashiro province was famous for its sword making style called YAMASHIRO-DEN. YAMASHIRO-DEN’s origin dates back to the Heian period(794 A.D), when the capital city was moved from Nara to Kyoto. The swordsmiths in Yamashiro province initially prospered by forging swords for court nobles and imperial families. Later on, they also forged swords for feudal lords after Samurai military government took control of Japan. There are so many renowned swordsmiths from this region. It is said that the founder of YAMASHIRO-DEN was Sanjo Munechika. And there are seven prestigious schools in this region. One of them is Rai school, where Sadamori belonged. Rai school and Aawata school are the most prestigious ones among YAMASHIRO-DEN. One of the most characteristics of YAMASHIRO-DEN is its elegant design and beautiful Jigane. This blade represents a little trait of YAMASHIRO-DEN. Sadayoshi also received the title Omi no Kami. The title of Kami was only given to swordsmiths whose sword-forging technique was superb. This blade is appraised as a Tokubetsu Hozon certificate issued by NBTHK. This authentication paper was only given to Japanese swords, especially worth preserving by Nihon Bijutsu Touken Hozon Kyokai(the Society for the Preservation of the Japan Art Sword). It accompanies by gorgeous sword mountings called Han-dachi style(Half Tachi style sword mounting). 【 Blade】 Cutting Edge Length(Nagasa) : 63.4 cm( 24.9 inches) Curvature(Sori) : 1.4 cm( 0.55 inches) Hamon : The crystalline structure which forms along the cutting edge of a blade as a result of the hardening process Jimon(Jihada) : visible steel surface pattern created by folding and hammering during forging process Nakago : Nakago is the tang of the Japanese sword. Japanese swordsmiths left the black rust on the tang because it prevents red rust while the tang is in its handle. And the discoloration of the tang was created over time, and it is a great indicator for a Japanese sword specialist to estimate when the sword was forged. Koshirae: Koshirae is the mounting of the Japanese sword. There are several parts that consist of Koshirae such as Saya(Sabbard), Tsuka( Handle), Tsuba(Handguard). Fuchi-Kashira : A pair of matching sword fittings that cover the upper and bottom parts of its sword hilt. The ivy pattern is carved for this Fuchi Kashira. Ivy has vitality, and it thrives strongly; therefore, this plant pattern represents prosperity and longevity. Tsuka and Menuki : Tsuka is the handle of the Japanese sword and Menuki is its decoration. Dragon is the motif of this Menuki. Dragon is a symbolic beast of auspicious signs. Its body is likened to nine animals: antlers are deer, the head is a camel, eyes are demons, the neck is a snake, belly is Mizuchi (mythical animal in Japan which looks like a snake and have a horn and four legs), scales are fish, claws are falcons, palms are tigers, and ears are cows. It was thought that the dragon would reign at the top of all animals because of its odd-looking appearance. In Japan, people appreciate this creature’s design as an all-purpose auspicious pattern. Tsuba and Habaki : Tsuba is the handguard for the Japanese Sword and Habaki is the equipment to make the blade not touch its scabbard inside. It prevents the blade from getting rusty and chipped. Yotsu-Mokkou-shaped Tsuba. One side is decorated with dragon patterns, and the other hand is designed with plant patterns. It is said dragon controls water and makes clouds, rain and thunder. That is why the combination of dragon and

Antique Japanese Sword Katana Signed by Sadamori NBTHK Tokubetsu Hozon Certificate
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Antique Japanese Sword Katana Signed by Sadamori NBTHK Tokubetsu Hozon Certificate

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仕様

長さ

63.4 cm

反り

1.4 cm

流派について

Rai School来派

1 重要刀剣

来派の作をまず見分けさせるのは地鉄である。精美によく約んだ小板目を主体に板目・杢・流れ肌を交えてよく錬れ、地沸が微塵に厚くつき、細かな地景が頻りに入り、沸映りが立って鉄が明るく冴える。処々に交じる柔らかく大模様の肌合は来肌と呼ばれ、疵ではなく一派の見どころとして受け取られている。この明るく精到な山城の鍛えこそ、来一門の作を貫く第一の標識である。 その出発点に位置するのが、鎌倉時代中期に山城国京都に活躍した来国行で、諸書のくり返し記すとおり事実上の祖と仰がれる。自身の作に年紀はないが、その子と伝える二字国俊に弘安元年(一二七八)の太刀があり、これに拠って正元・文応頃の活躍年代が首肯される。以後、二字国俊から三字銘の来国俊へ、さらに来国光・来国次へと血脈が継がれ、鎌倉末から南北朝前期にかけて一門は山城刀工の最上位を占めた。なお来国俊は来派で最初に「来」の字を冠した工であり、以後の一門が皆これに倣っている。二字国俊と三字銘来国俊の同人・別人は、両銘の年紀が弘安元年から元亨元年の約四十年に納まることなどから近年同人説が定着しつつあり、一門の古典的な論点をなす。 地鉄の上に来派の焼く刃は、備前の華やかな丁子ではなく、広直刃調を基調とする。これに小丁子・小互の目・小乱れを交え、足・葉が繁く入り、佩表の足が備前とは逆に茎の方へ斜めに傾く所謂京逆足となるところに京物の本領がある。匂深く明るく、小沸が厚くついて働きは刃の高さではなく沸に宿り、刃中に金筋・砂流しがかかる。帽子は小丸を主としながら掃きかけを伴うことが多く、この掃きかけは小丸と並ぶ第一の鑑別点に据えるべきものである。時代と系統による振幅も明瞭で、二字国俊は身幅広く猪首鋒に結ぶ豪壮な体配に丁子主調の賑やかな乱れを焼き、三字銘来国俊は細身か尋常の姿に締まった直刃の上品な作域を示す。末期の来国光は直刃に互の目を目立って交え作域が最も広く、来国次に至っては地刃の沸が一門で最も強く、のたれに互の目を交えた相州伝寄りの作風から鎌倉来と呼ばれ正宗十哲に数えられる。 収集家がこの一門を求めるべき所以は、まずその鑑定の勘所が明快なことにある。よく約んだ小板目に微塵の地沸と鮮明な沸映り、広直刃に京逆足、そして掃きかける帽子という積極的な特色が揃い、無銘極めの拠りどころが明文化されている。一門内の差も精密に引かれ、来国光は来国次に比して焼きが幾分低く突き上げ気味の帽子に個性を窺い、戸津来あるいは中堂来と呼ばれる光包は来肌の少ない強く冴えた地鉄と広く長く返る帽子で一門中の異色として立つ。代表作と伝来も厚く、来国行在銘の太刀は筑前黒田家に伝わって本阿弥光忠の千貫折紙と後藤家製の糸巻太刀拵を備え、名物愛染国俊・名物鳥飼国俊・名物乱光包をはじめ尾張紀州徳川家、前田家、上杉家、島津家、伊達家など大名家の蔵刀として珍重された。鎌倉末期山城物の最も純粋な姿を示す来派の作は、日本刀剣史において古刀山城の頂点に位置づけられ、真剣な収集家が現実に到達し得る目標であり続けている。

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