説明

Antique Japanese Sword Katana Signed by the second-gen Tadatsuna with Tokubetsu Hozon Certificate 【Description】 This blade was forged by the second-gen Awataguchi Omi no kami Tadatsuna(粟田口近江守忠綱) in the early Edo period ( Late 17th century ), based on the characteristic of the signature on the tang. The second-gen Tadatsuna is one of Osaka’s most skilled and popular swordsmiths in the early Edo period, following Tsuda Sukehiro and Inoue Shinkai. These three sword makers are called Sanketsu of *Osaka Shinto. The second-gen Tadatsuna was born in 1644 as the first son of the first-gen Tadatsuna, who called himself the descendant of Awataguchi Kunitsuna, a famous swordsmith in the early Kamakura period. Father was born in Hyogo prefecture and forged swords in Ushiroyama castle in Mie prefecture. Eventually, the first-gen Tadatsuna moved to Osaka. The second-gen Tadatsuna’s real name is Asai Mandayu. The swordsmith’s name Tadatsuna lasted three generations, and the second-gen is said to have been the most famous and skilled one. And he was not only excellent at forging swords with different kinds of tempering lines (Hamon) but also excellent at inscribing sculptures on his work. The second-gen Tadatsuna first signed as Tadakuni(忠国). According to his remaining work, he started to forge swords in 1672 and kept creating his blades until he was about 80 years old(1716). He received the honorable title of Omi no Kami during Enpo era(1673-1680). He started to sign Ikkanshi Tadatsuna after the second year of Genroku era(1689). During the early Genroku era, he used 縄 letter instead of 綱 when signing his creation, but after the mid-Genroku era, he used 綱 to sign his blades. Since this blade was signed as 忠縄, we can assume it was forged around the late 17th century. Genraoku period lasted 1688-1704.He kept forging swords for about 50 years in his career. One of Tadatsuna’s works is designated as Important Cultural Property of Japan. His swords are Ryuwazamono and Shinto Jyojyo Saku(Highly ranked swords among Japanese sword experts). There is one interesting historical incident related to the work of the second-gen Tadatsuna. It was March 24th in the 4th year of Tenmei(1784). Sano Zenzaemon, A direct retainer of Shogun, attacked a son of Tanuma Okitsugu, who was the chief minister of the Edo government. Sano used a wakizashi signed by the second-gen Tadatsuna. The son was eventually died, and Sano was ordered to do Seppuku for his misconduct. Interestingly, since this incident happened, the price of rice decreased dramatically after the sharp rise, which suffered many people. And, people started to worship Tadatsuna’s swords as Yonaoshi Daimyojin, a Great God that makes the world a better place. The Tadatsuna’s popularity skyrocketed, and this incident is much talked about when you learn about the work of Tadatsuna. It is said that only noble high-class Samurai could afford to buy a sword forged by the Tadatsuna during the Edo period. *What is Osaka Shinto? Shinto is Japanese Sword terminology that refers to the swords forged during 1596-1781. The blades made in Osaka area during this period are called Osaka Shinto. There are many famous swordsmiths in this Osaka Shinto era. After Hideyoshi Toyotomi built Osaka castle, Osaka city flourished as a castle town and became the business center. Many swordsmiths moved to Osaka to look for better opportunities. They not only forged swords for those Samurai who lived in Osaka but also for feudal lords nationwide. Ikanshi Tadatsuna(Awataguchi Omi no Kami Tadatsuna), Inoue Shinkai, and Tsuda Sukehiro are the most famous ones among those many swordsmiths. This blade is appraised as a Tokubetsu Hozon Token(特別保存刀剣) issued by NBTHK(Nihon Bijutsu Touken Hozon Kyokai:日本美術刀剣保存協会). This authentication paper was only given to authentic Japanese swords, especially well preserved and high quality with artistic value. 【 Blade】 Cutting Edge Length(Nagasa) : 73.0 cm(28.74 inches) Curvature(Sori) : 1.0 cm( 0.39 inches)

Antique Japanese Sword Katana Signed by the second-gen Tadatsuna NBTHK Tokubetsu Hozon Certificate
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Antique Japanese Sword Katana Signed by the second-gen Tadatsuna NBTHK Tokubetsu Hozon Certificate

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仕様

長さ

73 cm

反り

1 cm

作者について

Shinto Tadatsuna忠綱

1 重要文化財3 特別重要刀剣49 重要刀剣

一竿子忠綱は二代粟田口近江守忠綱、初代近江守忠綱の子で、元禄期を代表する大坂の刀工の一人である。説明書は、通称を万太夫といい、父を継いで二代目の近江守を受領し、粟田口国綱の後裔と称して銘に粟田口を冠し、元禄二年頃より一竿子と号し始めたと記す。当時の大坂を代表する工の一人で、その作はまさに「地刃の華麗と彫刻の装飾美を以て名高い」。初期の作風は父に近く、その記録の中心は、自らの彫の場を兼ねた身幅広い在銘年紀の刀にある。 本工の特色はまず刃文に読まれる。よくつんだ小板目に、元を直ぐの焼出しに起こし、相関わる二様を焼く。古く受け継いだものは、焼頭のよく揃った足の長い丁子で、初代の得意とした作域そのものであり、長い丁子の足が入り、その足を砂流し・金筋が切って入る。説明書は本工を「父に優る名手で」と評し、その違いを的確に指す。初代の丁子が揃って堂々たるのに対し、二代は匂深く、匂口明るく、小沸のよくつくところで、これを出藍すなわち藍より出でて藍より青しと呼ぶ。 円熟の最も個性的な手は濤瀾乱れ、すなわち収集家のいう簾刃である。説明書はこれを津田助広の系に結びつけ、ある脇指において「得意の津田風の濤欄刃をやき」と記す。よくつんだ小板目に地沸が微塵に厚くつき地景細かに入る地に、浅いのたれを基調として互の目・丁子風を交え、これが大きく波打って濤瀾となり、なお長い丁子の足が入り、匂深く小沸厚くつき、砂流し・金筋頻りにかかり、匂口明るく冴える。帽子は浅くのたれ込んで小丸、掃きかける。穏やかな直刃も数口に残り、三つの面のうち最も静かで稀なもので、同じ明るい小板目の地に焼かれる。 その地鉄は三様すべての底に変わらず通う。鍛えはよくつみ細かによくつんだ小板目で、地沸が厚く、最上手には微塵につき、細かな地景が地を走り、地鉄は明るく冴える。素朴な地ではなく、よく出来た大坂の地であり、刃も彫もこの地の上に置かれる。剣書は本工の作域を、初代に倣う揃った丁子、濤瀾、そして稀な直刃とし、いずれも大坂の長い直ぐの焼出しより起こすとする。 地刃のいずれの特徴にもまして本工を分かつのは彫である。説明書はその刀身彫刻を一竿子彫として賞玩し、「出藍の誉高く」、また「殊に刀身彫刻は巧みで一竿子彫として賞玩されている」と記す。櫃中に真の倶利迦羅を浮彫にし、梅倶利迦羅、玉追龍、そして鯉の滝上りを彫った。鯉の滝上りは本工が初めて試みたものと思われ、説明書は「同作中でも本刀以外には未見である」とする。彼は大坂の彫物師藤田通意と関係が深く、「彫同作」と添銘して彫を自身の手と示した。これは初代には全く見られないところで、新刀彫刻に一種の型をつくったものである。 収集の観点では、一竿子忠綱は大坂新刀の主要な名跡で、その作はなお求め得るが、最上のものは商われるより蔵される。藤代の極めは上々作。国宝はなく、その記録は重要刀剣に数多く、特別重要刀剣に数口が及び、長銘の大太刀は重要文化財に達する。説明書はある特別重要刀剣の刀を、最も油ののった時代の代表作で地刃の出来に優れるとし、その一竿子彫を一段と見事とする。特別重要刀剣・重要刀剣の級にはおよそ五十二口が立ち、京都国立博物館に蔵される一口があり、浅井家に伝来した記録のある一口がある。在銘年紀で数も相応に残るため、忠綱は同格の大坂の名手のうちでは比較的世に出やすいが、自らの一竿子彫を帯びた年紀の刀は出れば見ものであり、鯉と倶利迦羅を本工自身が彫った最上のものは、大坂彫刻の極盛を語る証である。

刀剣商

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