The record of Norikuni centers on a slender signed that preserves its original tang, with an old scabbard whose document of provenance states that Kitabatake Akiie received the sword from Emperor Go-Daigo; it passed Juyo in 1998 and rose to Tokubetsu Juyo in 2000. Norikuni, called Toma no Jo, was the son of Kunitomo, the eldest of the six Awataguchi brothers, and the father of Sahyoe no Jo Kuniyoshi; his dates are given as around Katei (1235 to 1238), the bridge generation between the goban-kaji age of his father and uncles and the tanto age of Kuniyoshi and Yoshimitsu. A prewar designation record adds the tradition that he served as a goban-kaji on Oki1, the island of the exiled Retired Emperor Go-Toba. On one point the published sources never vary: surviving works with secure signatures, tachi and tanto alike, are very few.
His tanto, the greater part of what survives, are hira-zukuri with mitsu-mune, of standard width, with uchizori. The jigane is a tightly knit ko-itame, the ji-nie dust-fine and thick, with fine chikei woven through. Over it he tempers a calm suguha in ko-nie, deep in nioi, taking in ko-gunome or a shallow notare with small ashi. Fine kinsuji and sunagashi run within the ha, and the boshi turns back in a refined ko-maru, at times lightly swept. On the omote and ura he cuts gomabashi, often paired with a suken; the grooves are spaced narrowly and set close to the mune, a placement the published sources call "a habit common to the craftsmen of the school"2. The Kuroda tanto that bears his rather large two-character signature is judged sound in ji, ha and form alike, "one of the foremost works of this smith"3.
The steel itself carries the school's name. Of the ubu unsigned tachi of Juyo session 46 the published sources write that the ko-itame is extremely tightly knit, the minute ji-nie giving "a moist, pear-skin surface"4, with nie-utsuri standing and the steel clear. The signed tachi shows instead an itame mixed with mokume, somewhat large in texture yet thoroughly worked and warm, displaying, as the same sources put it, the celebrated virtues of Awataguchijigane5; over it a faint jifu-utsuri rises.
The published sources divide his manner by form. Among the tachi there are works in a suguha-based temper mixing ko-midare, but for the tanto "a calm, graceful suguha is general"6. The signed tachi register is the rarer one: a slender blade of high koshizori with funbari, closing in a small point, the temper dropped in a slight yakiotoshi just above the machi. Its activity gathers from the middle down through the lower half, in ko-midare with ko-choji and ko-gunome, while the upper reaches run a calm suguha and the boshi ends nearly straight with a yakitsume tendency. The thin, short koshi-hi on its omote is what the old texts call the wasure-bi (忘れ樋), the forgotten groove often met on Kamakuratachi. The mei is of two characters, and the form of the character kuni is noted as close to his son Kuniyoshi's, a point of attention in appraising his signatures. Hon'ami appraisals run the length of the record: an origami of Koon dated 1639 on the Matsudaira tanto, an origami of Kochu dated 1713, and a shu-mei thought to be the hand of Tadaaki, the nineteenth master; these are attributions by later appraisers, not signatures. So too the katana on which the late Edo smith Ishido Unju Korekazu cut an inscription recording that he had shortened a work of Norikuni, a document the judges call greatly treasured as source material7.
Within the family his place is fixed by two observations that run in opposite directions. His tanto manner is common to Kuniyoshi and Yoshimitsu, but the published sources state that his nie is comparatively stronger8; of the shu-meitanto they write likewise that "the nie within the ha is strong"9. Yet that strength never disorders the line. His hamon does not break into minutely complex small patterning, and the judges make this restraint itself the thread of appraisal, writing of the unsigned tachi of session 46 that the way the hamon does not become so intricately disordered in small patterns "is what connects it to the signed works of this smith"10. The midare hand of the school belonged to his uncle Kuniyasu; Norikuni's own ko-midare appears only on his tachi, and only in the lower half. The Kuroda tanto of Tokubetsu Juyo session 20, suguha-toned yet shallowly undulant with ko-gunome mixed in, is singled out as the exception, good material for knowing the breadth of his work.
Fifteen designated works stand on record. Of his rare signed tachi, three were designated Juyo Bunkazai, Important Cultural Properties, and one of these has since been elevated to Kokuho, a National Treasure; with them stand three Tokubetsu Juyo, six Juyo and three prewar Juyo Bijutsuhin. The Toko Taikan values him at 3,000 against a ceiling of 3,500, the figure of a Kamakura master of the first rank. The National Treasure and the Important Cultural Properties are patrimony, preserved beyond any market; among the recorded holders of his work are Atsuta Jingu and the Kyoto National Museum. The provenance roll is of the same order. The signed tachi carries the old legend of Emperor Go-Daigo and Kitabatake Akiie; the Kuroda house of Chikuzen held the signed tanto whose aikuchikoshirae is scattered with the family's fuji-tomoe crest; the Matsudaira lords of Iyo Saijo kept the tanto with its 1639 origami; Mori Motomichi held both prewar Jubi tanto; the Ikeda family appears as well. For the private collector the arithmetic is severe: nine blades stand in the Tokubetsu Juyo and Juyo tiers, and most have rested long in the same hands. A work of Norikuni reaching the open market is a rare event, and a signed example would be among the rarest encounters the field affords.
Historical importance
Where Norikuni stands among comparable artisans: across all of nihontō, and within tradition, era, and period. The tiers (Foremost · Leading · Major · Notable) weigh official designations from the NBTHK and Japan's Agency for Cultural Affairs, together with historical honors of lasting repute such as the Sansaku and Meibutsu-chō.