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  1. Schools
  2. Kozori
  3. Iesuke

Kozori Iesuke

家助

Tokujū
Vol. 4, No. 36 · Tachi

Kozori Iesuke

家助

11 ranked works

ProvinceBizenErac. 1394–1428PeriodMuromachiSchoolKozoriTraditionBizen-denGeneration1stFujishiroChu-jo sakuToko Taikan550(top 23%)TypeSwordsmithCodeIYE289
2Jūyō Bunkazai
1Tokubetsu Jūyō8Jūyō Tōken

Overview

Iesuke is a smith of the line whose dated run across the Ōei era of the early period, and whom the published sources name, beside Morimitsu, Yasumitsu and Tsuneie, as one of the representative swordsmiths of Ōei-. The earliest dated work on record is a quiet of Ōei 3 (1396); the bolder pieces commonly seen carry dates from the teens and twenties of the era, one signed of Ōei 19 reaching . His name and his line are themselves a problem the sources set out plainly. The reference works trace a first generation to a son of Moriie about the Bun'ei era, yet among examined blades none predate the , the oldest read as Bunwa-era work; the surviving generations are therefore taken as one continuous hand rather than separated with confidence, the question of whether the early Ōei 3 is a predecessor or an early work of the man left open for further study.

His characteristic hand is the Ōei- . Over an that tends overall to stand a little, mixed in places with , and flowing , the steel carries and , and across it rises a or a clear , the bar-like reflection the published sources single out as one mark of Ōei-. The temper is a that opens broadly at the valley, the the sources name as common to the Ōei masters, mixed with , and pointed , at times a small . and enter frequently, the construction is -based with a feeling, and in the lower half and run through the temper. The turns back in a with a pointed feeling, sometimes a , now and then with toward the point.

The is the feature by which the judges set him a step apart from the leading Ōei names. They find his forging tending a touch more toward standing grain and his a touch tighter, at times a little subdued, yet they grant that in technical terms his best blades are "in no way inferior" to Morimitsu and Yasumitsu. The of his finest pieces is well-refined and moist, with , and , and the work within the temper is its real strength; of the the published commentary writes that "the activity within the temper of this is especially splendid." Devotional and practical carving recur in the form of , with or on the shortened attributions and cut into the of one signed .

The published sources draw his work into two registers explicitly. Beside the typical Ōei- they set "a somewhat calmer, -toned ," a mixed with over a tightened, flowing with , and a faint , the tight with and , the straight to a with at the tip. His surviving blades divide between the , signed and dated and the later attributed to him, several of which had passed under other names before being read by period and manner as his late--to-Ōei work; one such blade, once appraised as Sanemori, was returned to him.

What sets the Iesuke apart is exactly what the judges name. His and mark his typical as Ōei- rather than mid- work, and his standing and tightened, subdued set him beside Morimitsu and Yasumitsu yet a little apart from them; the published sources liken one of his finest dated to Masamitsu in its standing , mottled and shallow mixed with open-valley . He stands at the periphery of late , and the sources judge that, although his name is less widely known than the leading Ōei smiths', works such as his best show he "deserves to be evaluated more highly."

For the collector he is a documentary name rather than a household one. Fujishiro grades him Chū-jō . He has no National Treasures; his record reaches instead the Important Cultural Property rank, with two signed, dated designated, and the and tiers above the wider research record. His blades are preserved in collections grounded in their own provenance, the Ōei 19 held by the Hayashibara Museum of Art and transmitted through the Maeda house, one Important Cultural Property at Kasuga Taisha, and a shortened that was the battlefield sword of Ikeda Katsunyū before later owners had it cut down. Only a small number fall in the and tiers, and these are largely held rather than traded, so a signed and dated Iesuke comes to market only seldom and from time to time; the published sources call such a blade "of high value as reference material," a well-forged document of how forging carried itself into the Ōei revival.

Kantei

one Hatakeda-line hand read in two registers: the typical Oei-Bizen midare (koshi-biraki gunome with choji over a standing itame, with bo-utsuri or midare-utsuri and a midare-komi pointed boshi), set against a quieter chu-suguha register; the dating of the name across the Nanbokucho-to-Oei span is the standing scholarly question

Iesuke is a Bizen Osafune smith whose surviving record runs from the late Nanbokucho period through the Oei era, and whom the published sources name, beside Morimitsu, Yasumitsu and Tsuneie, as one of the representative hands of Oei-Bizen. The Meikan traces the name to a first generation said to be a son of Hatakeda Moriie about the Bunei era, but among examined works none predate the Nanbokucho, the oldest being read as Bunwa-era work and the common ones bearing Oei dates, so the published sources treat the surviving generations as one continuous Hatakeda-line hand rather than separating them with confidence. His work divides into two registers the sources draw explicitly. The typical one is the Oei-Bizen midare: over an itame that tends to stand a little (hada-dachi), with a bo-utsuri or a clear midare-utsuri, he tempers a koshi-biraki gunome mixed with choji and pointed-ha, ashi and yo entering well, nioi-based with ko-nie, sunagashi and kinsuji in the lower half, the boshi a midare-komi turning back with a pointed feeling. The second is quieter, a chu-suguha toned temper with ko-gunome and a calm nioiguchi. The sources rank his finest pieces beside Morimitsu and Yasumitsu, finding his forging a touch more standing and his nioiguchi a touch tighter and more subdued, yet technically in no way inferior, and they hold his ubu, signed and dated tachi to be of high value as reference material for Oei-Bizen.

Diagnostic discriminators

unique vs the mid-Kamakura Osafune mainstream (no open-valley gunome)

30% of his works · 3.0× vs Morimitsu / Yasumitsu (tighter, more refined ji)

Observation by phase

The Oei-Bizen midare (his typical work)

His representative work is the Oei-Bizen midare. The shape is a shinogi-zukuri tachi or uchigatana with iori-mune, often wide in body with a thick kasane and an imposing presence, the curvature becoming sakizori with a chu-kissaki, while one ubu signed tachi keeps a higher koshizori with funbari. Over an itame, at times mixed with ko-itame, mokume and flowing nagare-hada, the steel tends overall toward standing grain (hada-dachi), carrying ji-nie and chikei, and a bo-utsuri or a clear midare-utsuri rising in the ji. The temper is a koshi-biraki gunome mixed with choji, ko-choji and pointed-ha, at times a small notare, ashi and yo entering frequently, nioi-based (nioi-deki) with a ko-nie feeling, sunagashi and kinsuji running in the lower half, the nioiguchi tightening and at times a little subdued. The boshi is a midare-komi turning back with a pointed feeling, sometimes a ko-maru, sometimes with tobiyaki at the point. He carves bo-hi, on the suriage attributions tsure-hi or soe-hi. The published sources call this the manner shared by the Oei-Bizen masters, naming the koshi-biraki gunome, the bo-utsuri and the pointed midare-komi boshi as the common Oei-Bizen tells, and read the hataraki within the temper of his best blades as especially splendid.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The quieter chu-suguha register

A second and quieter register sets him beside the suguha hand the school also kept. On an itame that tightens and flows, with ji-nie, chikei and a faint utsuri, he tempers a chu-suguha mixed with ko-gunome and at times ko-midare and choji, with ashi and yo, the nioiguchi tight with nie and sunagashi, the boshi running straight into a ko-maru with hakikake at the tip. The published sources name this as one of his two manners, a calmer suguha-toned line that he sets against the typical Oei-Bizen midare, and on his finest such tachi they praise the well-refined forging, the moist, lustrous ji and the activity carried by ashi and yo, calling it a clear expression of the Oei-Bizen character.

Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

On the question of generations and date, the published sources record that the Meikan gives a first-generation Iesuke as a son of Hatakeda Moriie about the Bunei era, but that no examined work predates the Nanbokucho. The oldest are read as Bunwa-era work; one Oei 3 tachi, restrained in a Ko-Bizen-like quiet manner, is set against the deeper, more undulating Oei-teens-and-twenties midare common to the smith, and whether it is an earlier generation or an early work of the same hand is left as a matter for research.

The published sources liken his finest dated katana to Osafune Masamitsu, finding in its standing itame with mottled ji, ji-nie and chikei, midare-utsuri, and shallow ko-notare mixed with small gunome, pointed-ha and open-valley gunome the period character common to late-Nanbokucho Osafune, and note that an o-suriage mumei blade once appraised as Sanemori is rightly read as his late-Nanbokucho-to-early-Muromachi work.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai2
Jūyō Bijutsuhin—
Gyobutsu—
Tokubetsu Jūyō1
Jūyō Tōken8

Elite Standing

0.15 across 11 designated works

Top 14% among smiths

Provenance

4 documented provenances across certified works by Iesuke

Provenance Standing

2 works held in elite collections across 4 documented provenances

Top 20% among smiths

Raw score: 2.09 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 11 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 11 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

Iesuke
Students (2)
  1. 1.Iemori家守15designated
  2. 2.Norimitsu法光6designated

Kozori School

Other artisans of the Kozori school

  1. 1.Hidemitsu秀光19designated
  2. 2.Iemori家守15designated
  3. 3.Nariie成家3 for sale21designated
  4. 4.Morisuke守助7designated
  5. 5.Moromitsu師光1 for sale7designated
  6. 6.Tsunehiro恒弘4designated
  7. 7.Yukimitsu幸光3designated
  8. 8.Norimitsu法光1designated
  9. 9.Morihiro守弘1designated
  10. 10.Iesuke家助1designated
  11. 11.Norimitsu法光1 for sale2designated
  12. 12.Hidemitsu秀光1 for sale2designated