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Overview·Kantei·Dated Works·Designations·Provenance·Blade Forms·Signatures·Lineage·School
OverviewKanteiDated WorksDesignationsProvenanceBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Osafune
  3. Sue-Bizen
  4. Harumitsu

Osafune Harumitsu

春光

Jūyō
Vol. 15, No. 152 · Katana

Osafune Harumitsu

春光

4 ranked works

ProvinceBizenEraTenmon (1532–1555)PeriodMuromachiSchoolOsafuneTraditionBizen-denGeneration1stTypeSwordsmithCodeHAR71
4Jūyō Tōken

Overview

Harumitsu signed his blades 春光 and styled himself Jurozaemon-no-jo, and the published sources place him by name at the head of a crowded field. Several smiths bore the name Harumitsu, signing also with the personal names Saemon-no-jo, Gorozaemon-no-jo, Magojuro, Jirozaemon-no-jo, Gozaemon-no-jo and Saemon-shichiro, the name running chronologically from the Bunmei era through the Bunroku era; among them the published sources record that 「その中で十郎左衛門の名が最も知られ」, the Jurozaemon Harumitsu being the best known of all. His own dated work is concrete and tightly clustered in the mid-sixteenth century: a of Tenbun 2 (1533), a of Tenbun 16 (1547), a of Tenbun 24 (1555), and a of Eiroku 4 (1561), every one of them an , long-signed blade carrying both the smith's signature and a date inscription. He worked in the workshops in their late- phase, the period the trade calls , when the village smiths shared a single idiom and cut the day and month of their making into the tang.

His recognized hand divides into two registers the published sources themselves describe, and the first is the koshi-hiraki that is the hallmark of the group. On the Tenbun 24 the temper is a into which the waist-opened enters, the pattern falling overall into a small-scale with entering and adhering, and on the Tenbun 2 that opened widens and gathers force: small are mixed in, appears, the temper is and in places the collapses into the , with and running slightly. The published sources name this 「末備前特有の腰開きの互の目」, the waist-opened characteristic of , and it is the first thing by which his blades are known. The follows the temper into a turning back in with on his fullest blade, or is tempered deep in an -like manner with a long .

Set against this flamboyant face is a quieter register, and it is here that the shows most clearly. The Eiroku 4 is forged in a tightly packed , the grain well consolidated, with adhering finely and a standing over the surface, an old reflection uncommon on a blade; its temper is a with tempered around the , entering and the tight. The Tenbun 16 carries a wide with a slight admixture of small , and appearing within the edge, over an well kneaded with a moist look and thick . Across both registers the forging is the constant: a well-worked , at times the tighter , with throughout and entering on the Tenbun 2 blade. The in this quieter manner runs deep and straight and turns in with a long .

The two registers are not phases of a career so much as two manners the smith kept in hand across the two decades, the dated blades running back and forth between them. The published sources read the Tenbun 24 as 「十郎左衛門尉春光の代表作」, a representative work of the smith, its forging a well-packed with adhering. They count the Tenbun 2 , its waist-opened full and its workmanship good overall, among 「春光の傑作の部類の一口」, the masterwork class of his production. Of the Tenbun 16 , the calmer of the pieces, they single out the forging in particular, recording that 「とくに鍛えの優れた点が特筆される」, that its especially superior forging is what is most worthy of note. The shorter Eiroku 4 blade, compact in its proportions, they read as of comparatively good workmanship among the smith's works in both and .

Harumitsu is best understood within the succession rather than against it. The published sources for the line record the Jurozaemon Harumitsu as the son of Jirobei-no-jo Harumitsu, himself the son of Jirozaemon-no-jo Katsumitsu, placing him within the principal descent alongside the Sukesada and Kiyomitsu houses that carried the village through the sixteenth century. He works the koshi-hiraki the sources call the group's characteristic temper, the small mixed into both his and his giving the finely-broken, small-scale pattern that distinguishes the late hand from the broad of the older mainstream. What lifts his designated blades above the routine production is the forging: the well-kneaded with adhering thickly, the quality the sources reserve their praise for, and on the Eiroku 4 the survival of an old that the late group only rarely kept.

Harumitsu's surviving designated record is small and entirely signed, four among the Important Sword sessions from the 15th through the 37th, with no National Treasures or Important Cultural Properties among them and none yet raised to . All four carry long signatures and date inscriptions across the Tenbun and Eiroku eras, so that the small body of work is unusually legible: every blade dated, every one , the smith's hand readable across a quarter-century. One provenance of note is recorded, the Tenbun 16 having been 「海軍元帥東郷平八郎の遺愛の一口」, a cherished possession of Navy Marshal Togo Heihachiro, the victor of Tsushima. He is the kind of named master a collector encounters from time to time rather than rarely, the dated and signed the documentary heart of his work; the fullest of them, with the waist-opened full and the forging worked to the level the published sources call the masterwork class, is a blade of comparatively good standing among the late hands, and one comes to market only now and then, with patience.

Kantei

one Harumitsu hand read across the two registers the published sources themselves draw on his dated mid-sixteenth-century katana: the koshi-hiraki gunome-midare that is the Sue-Bizen hallmark, his fullest blades adding tobiyaki, kinsuji and sunagashi over a nie-deki temper; and the quieter chu- to hiro-suguha carrying ko-gunome with ko-ashi and yo, the calmer face of the same smith

Harumitsu, styled Juro-zaemon-no-jo, is the best known of the several smiths to bear that name, his dated running across the Tenbun and Eiroku eras of the mid-sixteenth century, from a Tenbun 2 piece of 1533 to an Eiroku 4 piece of 1561. The published sources name the Juro-zaemon Harumitsu as the most highly regarded of a group that also signed with the personal names Saemon-no-jo, Goro-zaemon-no-jo, Magojuro and others, the name running from the Bunmei era through the Bunroku era. His recognized hand divides into two registers the published sources themselves describe. The first is the koshi-hiraki that is the hallmark of , the waist-opened mixed with small , falling overall into a small-scale , his most ambitious blades adding , and over a temper. The second is a quieter register, a or wide carrying a slight admixture of , with and entering and the turning in . Across both the forging is a well-kneaded , at times a tight , with adhering and on one blade a standing. The published sources read his fullest work as a of the group, the forging in particular singled out for praise.

Diagnostic discriminators

Observation by phase

The koshi-hiraki gunome-midare (his typical Sue-Bizen hand)

His recognized work is the face the published sources call the hallmark of the group. The is a with , a standard to wide with strong -zori and an elongated , the typical late-Muromachi打刀 figure. Over an well kneaded and tightly packed, with adhering thickly and at times entering, he tempers a koshi-hiraki mixed with small , the pattern overall falling into a small-scale , entering, adhering. On his most ambitious blade the temper widens, appears, the temper is and in places the collapses into the , with and running slightly. The enters in and turns in with , or is deeply tempered in an -like manner with a long . The published sources read this koshi-hiraki as the hallmark of and count his fullest blade among Harumitsu's .

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The chu- to hiro-suguha with ko-gunome (his quieter face)

On a second group of his dated the published sources read a calmer face set against the . The temper is a , or a wide , carrying around the a tempering of on one blade and a slight admixture of on another, adhering, and entering within the edge, and the tending toward a tight appearance. The is deeply tempered, running straight and turning in with a long . Over an , at times a tightly forged , adheres finely, and on the Eiroku 4 blade a stands. The published sources judge this work, in both and , of comparatively good workmanship among the smith's production, and single out the especially superior forging of the Tenbun 16 .

Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

The published sources record that Harumitsu was one of the swordsmiths of Sue-Bizen, that there were several smiths using the same name, and that the one bearing the personal name Juro-zaemon was the most highly regarded, the name running chronologically from the Bunmei era through the Bunroku era. They note that the others signed with common names such as Saemon-no-jo, Goro-zaemon-no-jo, Magojuro, Jiro-zaemon-no-jo, Gozaemon-no-jo and Saemon-shichiro.

On the Tenbun 2 katana the published sources describe the Sue-Bizen hallmark koshi-hiraki gunome-midare, tobiyaki appearing and the nie collapsing in places into the ji with kinsuji and sunagashi running slightly, and judge the workmanship good overall, counting the blade among Harumitsu's kessaku.

Dated Works

Years he was demonstrably active, proven by signed-and-dated blades

Active period
1533–1561Editorial estimate: 1533–1570
4 of 4 designated works carry a date
15301570
  1. 1533
    天文二年Juyo session 37, item 126
  2. 1547
    天文十六年Juyo session 29, item 71
  3. 1555
    天文二十四年Juyo session 24, item 278
  4. 1561
    永禄四年Juyo session 15, item 152

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai—
Jūyō Bijutsuhin—
Gyobutsu—
Tokubetsu Jūyō—
Jūyō Tōken4

Elite Standing

0.02 across 4 designated works

Top 28% among smiths

Provenance

1 documented provenance across certified works by Harumitsu

Provenance Standing

0 works held in elite collections across 1 documented provenances

Top 48% among smiths

Raw score: 2.00 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 4 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 4 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

Harumitsu
Student
  1. 1.Harumitsu春光3 for sale2designated

Osafune School

Other artisans of the Osafune school

  1. 1.Mitsutada光忠61designated
  2. 2.Nagamitsu長光2 for sale253designated
  3. 3.Kagemitsu景光2 for sale146designated
  4. 4.Kanemitsu兼光4 for sale237designated
  5. 5.Sanenaga眞長1 for sale64designated
  6. 6.Chikakage近景4 for sale86designated
  7. 7.Tomomitsu倫光1 for sale64designated
  8. 8.Kagemasa景政2 for sale22designated
  9. 9.Masamitsu政光4 for sale84designated
  10. 10.Motomitsu基光3 for sale41designated
  11. 11.Kagehide景秀23designated
  12. 12.Yoshimitsu義光35designated

Harumitsu

Harumitsu(春光) was a Japanese swordsmith of the Osafune school in Bizen province, active during the Tenmon (1532-1555) period.

The work follows the Bizen-den tradition.

Designated works by Harumitsu include 4 Jūyō.