Kuninobu is counted among the leading disciples of Taro Kunimura and a representative smith of the school of , his active period traditionally placed around the Karyaku era at the close of . The published sources are candid that surviving works by his hand are far fewer than those of fellow members of the line such as Kunitoki, Kunisuke, Kuniyasu and Kuniyoshi, so that the smith is known through a small body of signed and a handful of shortened blades attributed to him on appraisal. The line is Yamashiro by descent: its founder Kunimura is transmitted in the prevailing tradition as a grandson in the female line of Kuniyuki, with a fuller version making him the child of Hiromura of the Yamato Senjuin school, who married a daughter of Kuniyuki, while one early text instead places Kunimura in the gate of Kunitoshi. From that root the school's make stands close to , and the published sources name the points by which it nonetheless parts from as the school's chief attractions: a inclination in the forging, a whitish utsuri, a nioiguchi that sinks, calmer activity within the edge, and a fuller o-maruboshi. Kuninobu carries all of them.
His characteristic hand is suguha. Every blade on record is suguha-based, broad on the shortened katana and middling or narrow on the slender signed tachi, leaning into a shallow notare with ko-gunome and a touch of ko-midare gathering in the lower half, ko-ashi and yo entering, the nioiguchi tight with ko-nie and inclined to sink, the internal working gentler than the Rai school it descends from. His major point of appreciation is the nijuba that runs along the edge, a double habuchi the published sources hold up as a great hallmark of the school and one especially marked in his work. They write of it directly, that the way nijuba runs along the edge is a great point of appreciation for this school, 「刃に沿って二重刃がかかる様は同派の大きな見どころ」1, and on his blades it is clearer and continues for a longer stretch than is usually seen, at times built up where yubashiri-like tobiyaki dot the habuchi until they form a second line. Kinsuji and sunagashi appear along the upper half, and the nioiguchi turns by stretches bright and by stretches subdued.
The jigane is the other half of the recognition. Over an itame mixed with mokume and flowing hada that stands toward hada-dachi rather than lying flat, fine ji-nie gathers densely, fine chikei enter, jifu collects in mottled patches, and a whitish shirake-utsuri rises, the blackish Kyushu steel the school is known for. The published sources record this jigane as the first of the school's distinctions, that in the forging a masame tendency stands out and a whitish utsuri appears, 「鍛えに柾ごころが目立ち白け映りが立ち」2, the shirake-utsuri standing on nearly every blade of the corpus. The boshi answers to the same description, turning back in a full o-maru with a shallow kaeri or finishing in yakizume, with hakikake at the tip and on occasion a pointed return.
The smith is single in manner, so his work divides by register rather than by any change of style over time. The signed pieces are slender tachi of high koshizori with funbari and a compact kissaki, ubu or only slightly shortened, the two-character mei cut large with a slender chisel above the mekugi-ana toward the mune. On them the suguha runs middling or narrow, well covered with ko-nie and at its best bright, with gunome and ko-gunome entering at intervals, a thing the published sources note is not uncommonly seen among smiths of this group. The signature is itself a tool of attribution: across Enju the right half within the kuni-gamae is cut in an ear-shaped form, but Kuninobu's own habit is to cut the vertical stroke inside the enclosure at a marked diagonal, and on one tachi he sets the character for Nobu slightly to the left of Kuni. The second register is the shortened, unsigned katana attributed to him on appraisal, wide of mihaba and thick of kasane, with deep wazori curvature and a slightly extended chu-kissaki, a dignified late-Kamakura bearing the published sources call full of presence and liken to the silhouette of Rai Kunimitsu of the homeland tradition.
The distinction of his work is best drawn from his own grounded traits rather than borrowed from his models. His shirake-utsuri over a standing, blackish itame, his sinking nioiguchi, his fuller o-maru return and above all his pronounced nijuba set him within Enju and apart from the brighter, clearer Rai work the school resembles, for the published sources are frank that compared with Rai there is a tendency for the ji and ha to be somewhat weaker, 「来に比しては地刃の弱い嫌いがある」3. Within his own line he sits beside Kunitoki, Kunisuke, Kuniyasu and Kuniyoshi, smiths whose work the sources say carries no sharply individual mannerism, so that Enju is read as a group rather than by separate hands; against that even level his best blades are singled out for a refinement above the usual, said to share something in common with the signed tachi by Kuninobu that the published sources name as their touchstone, 「重要文化財指定の国信有銘の太刀」4, held in the Mitsui Bunko, the one securely signed monument by which the rest of his hand is measured.
The record is small and held close. None of the blades resolved to him here carries the highest national designations; his standing rests on two pieces raised to Tokubetsu Juyo and five more to Juyo, seven designated works on record in all, a modest but high body for a smith whose extant work the sources call extremely few. Provenance gathers around the finest of them: the o-suriagemumeikatana raised to Tokubetsu Juyo passed through the Satake house of Akita and was later treasured by Ito Miyoji, a blade the published sources call an outstanding work decisively attributable to Kuninobu in which a high sense of dignity is felt, more refined and polished than the Enju work usually seen, 「常に見る同派の作に比して、より垢抜けた出来口」5. An early Juyokatana is recorded to have once carried a Hon'ami Kochu origami attributing it to Rai Kunimitsu, a measure of how near the school's homeland-recalling make stood to high Yamashiro work. For a collector the practical reality is plain: these are heritage blades held and seldom moved, the signed ubutachi prized precisely because so few survive, and an example by Kuninobu coming to hand is among the rarer encounters within the Enju field, met with patience rather than sought at will.
Historical importance
Where Kuninobu stands among comparable artisans: across all of nihontō, and within tradition, era, and period. The tiers (Foremost · Leading · Major · Notable) weigh official designations from the NBTHK and Japan's Agency for Cultural Affairs, together with historical honors of lasting repute such as the Sansaku and Meibutsu-chō.