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Overview·Kantei·Designations·Blade Forms·Signatures·Lineage·School
OverviewKanteiDesignationsBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Hoki
  3. Ko-Hoki
  4. Aritsuna

Hoki Aritsuna

有綱

Jūyō
Vol. 20, No. 134 · Katana

Hoki Aritsuna

有綱

5 ranked works

ProvinceHokiEraYowa (1181–1182)PeriodHeianSchoolHokiTraditionWakimonoTeacherMoritsunaToko Taikan1,000(top 8%)TypeSwordsmithCodeARI220
2Jūyō Bunkazai
3Jūyō Tōken

Overview

Aritsuna is one of the Ko-Hoki masters of the late to early period, a smith of the old Hoki school that gathered around Yasutsuna. The signature compendia record him as the son of Moritsuna of Hoki, but the published sources set that aside on the evidence of the workmanship and confirm him, together with Yasuie and Sanemori, as belonging to Yasutsuna's line, the record stating plainly that he is confirmed as one of Yasutsuna's group (安綱の一派と確認される); a parallel tradition hands him down as a son of Yasutsuna himself. His signed works are very few, and almost all of them have been shortened in later ages, so the man is most often met not under his own signature but as a attribution (伝有綱) on a greatly shortened whose make the connoisseur is asked to read back to him.

That reading turns on a low, restrained temper. Over the body the published sources describe a small as the basis of the , mixing into it , and small , the temper kept low and the entering well; toward the the line tightens into a slender tone. Across the whole run and appear frequently, the lies deep, and on the unsigned from Ishikawa the is recorded sinking in a subdued, character with attaching, the fine and together imparting an archaic flavor (古調がある). The runs straight and turns back in a small . It is a quiet, old manner, far from the showy of the later , and the low temper and the sunken are exactly what mark the work as old Hoki.

The carries the antiquity. The forging is an that stands slightly toward , mixed with a tendency, fine adhering to it and fine entering. On the greatly shortened from Tokyo the published sources note the grain standing and the fine and frequent, and it is this standing, -laden , rather than any one figure in the temper, that fixes the attribution. The survives the shortening: the build is with an , and though the curvature stays relatively high, remains at the base, and a closes the point, the old high-waisted profile of a late still legible in a blade cut down for later wear.

He is met in two registers of this one early manner. The rarer is the signed , where the bare two-character survives cut on the : there the temper is a carrying and , with adhering well, and in the portions and enter and rise upward from around the middle of the , the carved through both faces with a , while the of this one blade is itself a , restored. The more numerous is the , unsigned handed down as Aritsuna of Hoki, and it is here that the properly lives, the attribution resting on the workmanship rather than on any surviving signature. Of one such blade the published sources write that the traditional attribution to Aritsuna can be accepted, 「有綱の所伝は首肯し得る」, the and together judged good and old in tone.

His standing reaches well beyond Hoki. On the Tokyo the published sources draw the line forward to , recording that smiths such as Masamune and Norishige took just this manner of work as their ideal and on that basis established the tradition, 「相州正宗、則重等はこうした作風を理想として相州伝を創始している」. The old Hoki hand, the standing -laden with its and the small swept with and , is thus named among the acknowledged sources of the later -based style. He is set apart from the schools of his own age less by any borrowed comparison than by his own grounded features, the quiet , the standing and the subdued that together carry the archaic air.

For the collector, Aritsuna is among the rarest names a Hoki student could hope to encounter. The reference texts place him in the Toko Taikan but record no Fujishiro grade, and there is no National Treasure or among the work on record. His two Important Cultural Properties are held as patrimony, a signed preserved at Oyamazumi Jinja on the inland sea, long the great repository of early sword dedications, and a second in the Tokyo Museum. Beyond these the official record runs to a small handful of blades, three in all, the works in which his hand is read, with no provenance to houses recorded among them. A privately held Aritsuna is therefore a thing seen only rarely, and a signed one rarer still; when one does come before a collector it is a landmark, one of the few honest ways to hold the old Hoki manner from which the tradition drew its ideal.

Kantei

not a dated chronology but two registers of one early Hoki manner: the rare signed tachi, where the two-character mei survives on the ha-ura and the temper carries chu-suguha-cho with choji and gunome rising in the notare portions, and the o-suriage mumei den works, where the ko-midare base, the standing itame and the archaic sunken nioiguchi are read as the line's distinguishing features and tie him to the Soshu ideal

Aritsuna is one of the Ko-Hoki masters of the late Heian to early Kamakura period, recorded in the signature compendia as the son of Moritsuna of Hoki but, the published sources judge by the workmanship, confirmed together with Yasuie and Sanemori as a smith of Yasutsuna's line, and also handed down as a son of Yasutsuna himself. His surviving signed works are very few, almost all of them now o-suriage, so he is most often met as a den attribution on a greatly shortened tachi. The hand is the old Hoki idiom: an itame that stands and opens toward hada-dachi with a nagare tendency, ji-nie and fine chikei, over which a low ko-midare runs as the base, mixing ko-choji, ko-notare and small gunome with sunagashi and kinsuji constant and a deep, subdued nioiguchi, the boshi turning in a small ko-maru. The published sources name him among the very smiths Masamune and Norishige took as their model in founding the Soshu tradition.

Diagnostic discriminators

67% of his works

67% of his works

33% of his works

33% of his works

Observation by phase

The signed tachi, the two-character mei on the ha-ura

the bare two-character signature 有綱 cut on the ha-ura, surviving on a tachi though the blade is shortened: this is the rare register in which the attribution rests on the mei itself rather than on the workmanship

The signed register is met on a shinogi-zukuri, iori-mune tachi with shallow sori and a chu-kissaki, now suriage but retaining the two-character mei on the ha-ura. Over an itame-hada with ji-nie the temper is a suguha-cho carrying ko-ashi and yo, sunagashi and kinsuji mixed in and ko-nie adhering well; in the notare portions choji and gunome enter and rise upward from around the middle of the omote. The boshi is suguha, here restored, and a bo-hi with kaku-dome is carved through both faces. The published sources read both the jihada and the hamon as showing the distinguishing features of the line and rate the make as good, the rare survival of the signature giving the register its weight against the larger body of mumei den work.

Sugata 姿
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The o-suriage mumei den works, the line's distinguishing manner

the o-suriage, mumei katana handed down as Aritsuna of Hoki: the register the published sources read as carrying the line's distinguishing features, the attribution made by workmanship and judged acceptable in accordance with the tradition

The mumei register is the more numerous and the one in which the kantei lives. The build is shinogi-zukuri, iori-mune, and though o-suriage it keeps a relatively high curvature with funbari remaining and a chu-kissaki, the old koshizori tachi sugata surviving the shortening. The kitae is itame standing slightly toward hada-dachi, mixed with a nagare tendency, fine ji-nie adhering and fine chikei entering. Over it a small midare runs as the base, mixing ko-choji, ko-notare and small gunome, the ko-ashi entering well and the monouchi tightening toward a slender suguha tone; sunagashi and kinsuji run frequently, the temper kept low, the nioi deep and the nioiguchi tending to sink in a shizumi character, with ko-nie or nie adhering. The boshi runs straight and turns in a small ko-maru. The published sources call the whole an archaic flavor and accept the den attribution, judging the workmanship in both ji and ha to be good.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
匂口沈みshizumi-gokoro
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

The lineage is stated by the published sources against the compendia: recorded as the son of Moritsuna of Hoki in the signature books, he is confirmed by workmanship, with Yasuie and Sanemori, as a smith of Yasutsuna's line.

The attribution to him is judged acceptable on the workmanship: the traditional transmission to Aritsuna can be accepted, the published sources write of one den katana, the ji and ha showing the old archaic flavor.

The Soshu connection is the line's chief claim, stated plainly: Sagami smiths such as Masamune and Norishige took this manner of work as their ideal and on that basis established the Soshu tradition.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai2
Jūyō Bijutsuhin—
Gyobutsu—
Tokubetsu Jūyō—
Jūyō Tōken3

Elite Standing

0.02 across 5 designated works

Top 28% among smiths

Blade Forms

Distribution across 5 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 5 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

TeacherMoritsuna
Aritsuna
Students (2)
  1. 1.Aritsuna有綱
  2. 2.Tameyoshi爲吉

Hoki School

Other artisans of the Hoki school

  1. 1.Yasutsuna安綱35designated
  2. 2.Ohara大原16designated
  3. 3.Kunimune國宗6designated
  4. 4.Sadatsuna貞綱19designated
  5. 5.Hiroyoshi廣賀1 for sale6designated
  6. 6.Sanekage眞景4designated
  7. 7.Narichika成近1designated
  8. 8.Sadanawa貞繩1designated
  9. 9.Sukenaga助長1designated
  10. 10.Tomoyasu友安1designated
  11. 11.Yasuie安家1designated
  12. 12.Morihiro守廣1designated