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Overview·Kantei·Honors·Designations·Provenance·Blade Forms·Signatures·Lineage·School
OverviewKanteiHonorsDesignationsProvenanceBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Awataguchi
  3. Kunikiyo

Awataguchi Kunikiyo

國清

Tokujū
Vol. 7, No. 1 · Katana

Awataguchi Kunikiyo

國清

4 ranked works

御番鍛冶
ProvinceYamashiroEraKennin (1201–1204)PeriodKamakuraSchoolAwataguchiTraditionYamashiro-denTeacherKuniieFujishiroSai-jo saku(Supreme Work)Toko Taikan2,000(top 2%)TypeSwordsmithCodeKUN387
1Jūyō Bunkazai
1Jūyō Bijutsuhin
1Tokubetsu Jūyō1Jūyō Tōken

Overview

Kunikiyo was the fourth of the six brother-masters of the early school in Yamashiro, working in the opening years of the period. The published sources set him in that celebrated company: a son of Kuniie, his elder brothers Kunitomo, Hisakuni and Kuniyasu and his younger brothers Arikuni and Kunitsuna, the six of whom all served as appointed swordsmiths to the Retired Emperor Go-Toba. Of his own work very little survives in signature. One entry states plainly that 'extant signed pieces are few, numbering only two' (在銘の現存するものは少なく二口を数えるのみ), so his name is carried today chiefly by a small group of , judged to him, alongside the rare signed .

His hand is the bright, quiet manner of early . The is a closely forged , in places running a little or mixed with larger grain, carrying abundant and, on the finest blade, frequent ; the published sources call the steel notably bright, with a faint standing in places. Over that he sets not the flamboyant of but a -toned , shallowly and worked with , and , entering, the deep and bright, well adhered, with fine and running through. The goes straight to a or and returns.

Within that -based edge the judges single out one piece of scenery: patches of toward the that gather into a -like double line, a feature the published commentary notes on more than one of the blades. It is a restrained tell, in keeping with a smith whose whole character is calm rather than showy.

The published sources read Kunikiyo closest to his brother Kuniyasu. On the signed transmitted in the Unshū Matsudaira house, the commentary finds the temper 'on the whole resembling Kuniyasu' (総じて国安に似ている); on one of the the tightly packed intervals of the and an tendency of the are held to share 'a thread of affinity with Kuniyasu' (国安に一脈通じるものがあり). It is exactly this affinity, set on the characteristic bright , that carries the attribution where the signature is gone, and the sources affirm such blades as work that 'at a glance can be appraised as of the early ' (一見して鎌倉初期の粟田口物と鑑せられる出来である). He stands within the early mainstream, before the school's later flowering, the quiet -toned and the the marks of the family hand.

For the collector Kunikiyo is a rare early name, graded sai-jō by the Fujishiro appraisers. He has no National Treasures; his record runs through one work designated Important Cultural Property, the Aoyama-family signed , together with the prewar Bijutsuhin signed from the Unshū Matsudaira house, and a small group of reaching the and tiers, only five works carrying an official designation in all. The descended through the Sakai house of Himeji, and the published sources call it a superior blade whose 'glittering within the temper is especially magnificent' (殊に刃中のひかり輝く沸は見事である); among recorded whereabouts a blade is held by the Fukuyama Art Museum, and his provenance runs through old and imperial collections. With so few works on record and most of them long held, a signed Kunikiyo comes to light only rarely, and a privately held example of either his signed or his attributed is among the more notable things a collector of early Yamashiro could hope to encounter.

Kantei

one Awataguchi hand in two registers of record: the rare signed tachi, a dignified suguha-toned ko-midare over a fine ko-itame that the sources liken to Kuniyasu, and the o-suriage mumei katana judged to him as mainstream early-Kamakura Awataguchi work, the bright suguha-base temper with its nijuba-like yubashiri the constant across both

Kunikiyo is an early-Kamakura Awataguchi smith of Yamashiro, the fourth of the six brother-masters of the early Awataguchi school, son of Kuniie and brother to Kunitomo, Hisakuni and Kuniyasu, with Arikuni and Kunitsuna his juniors; the published sources record that the six served together as appointed swordsmiths to Retired Emperor Go-Toba. Signed work by him is exceedingly scarce, numbering only about two blades, so his record stands on a small group of o-suriage mumei katana judged to him together with one signed tachi. His hand is the bright Awataguchi manner: a well-packed ko-itame, at times running a little, with abundant ji-nie and a steel the sources call notably bright, over which he sets a suguha-toned ko-midare mixing in ko-choji, ko-gunome and gunome, ashi entering, the nioiguchi deep and bright with nie well adhered, fine sunagashi and kinsuji running, and yubashiri that give a nijuba-like effect. The boshi runs straight to a ko-maru or o-maru with a return. The published sources repeatedly read him close to his brother Kuniyasu, in the tight intervals of the midare and an urumi tendency of the nioiguchi.

Diagnostic discriminators

unique vs his own signed tachi (plain suguha-midare)

Observation by phase

The signed tachi (resembling Kuniyasu)

His record holds only a very small number of signed pieces, and the published sources note that even among these the manner of the signature is not uniform. The signed tachi is dignified and refined in bearing. The ground is a closely knit fine ko-itame with abundant ji-nie, beautifully present and bright. Over it the temper is a slightly wide suguha-toned ko-midare, gunome predominating and covered with nie, into which the older accounts read a general resemblance to his brother Kuniyasu. The sources name the Aoyama-family tachi, an Important Cultural Property, and this Jubi tachi from the Unshu Matsudaira house as the recognized signed examples, observing that their signatures differ yet their workmanship is alike in carrying the dignified, high-class Awataguchi sugata.

Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文

The o-suriage mumei katana (mainstream Awataguchi attribution)

The body of his record is the o-suriage, mumei katana judged to him. These are slender, with a deep koshizori carried high and a chu-kissaki, the elegant early-Kamakura tachi form reduced by shortening. The ground is a well-packed ko-itame, in places mixed with larger grain or running a little, with thick ji-nie, frequent chikei on the finest piece, the steel bright, and at times a faint midare-utsuri. Over it the temper is a suguha-base shallowly notare and overall a ko-midare, mixing in ko-choji, ko-gunome and gunome, ashi entering, the nioi deep and the ko-nie thickly applied, fine sunagashi and kinsuji running, the nioiguchi bright and clear, with yubashiri laid on toward the monouchi that give a nijuba-like effect. The boshi runs straight to a ko-maru or in an o-maru manner, with a return; a bo-hi is carved on both sides, carried through on the omote and run off on the ura. The published sources affirm these as Awataguchi work of the early Kamakura, the characteristic bright ko-itame ground and the urumi tendency of the nioiguchi sharing a thread with Kuniyasu, so the attribution to Kunikiyo is accepted.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

The published sources record that extant signed Kunikiyo are exceedingly few, numbering only about two blades, and that even between the recognized signed tachi the manner of the signature differs; in workmanship, however, all such pieces are appraisable as essentially Awataguchi work, generally calling Kuniyasu to mind, so that on the o-suriage mumei katana the bright tightly-forged ko-itame and the urumi tendency of the nioiguchi carry the attribution to Kunikiyo.

Honors

御番鍛冶Goban Kaji (Go-Toba's Imperial Forging Rotation)

Awataguchi six brothers (extended roster)

Master smiths summoned by Retired Emperor Go-Toba (後鳥羽上皇) to serve monthly rotations forging swords at the imperial court, ca. Jōgen–Jōkyū (1208–1221). A cross-school honor: each smith retains his own school (Awataguchi, Fukuoka Ichimonji, Ko-Aoe, etc.). The linked school NS-Gobankaji holds only Go-Toba's own Kiku gyōsaku blades.

View full roster→

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai1
Jūyō Bijutsuhin1
Gyobutsu—
Tokubetsu Jūyō1
Jūyō Tōken1

Elite Standing

0.11 across 4 designated works

Top 18% among smiths

Provenance

5 documented provenances across certified works by Kunikiyo

Provenance Standing

2 works held in elite collections across 5 documented provenances

Top 17% among smiths

Raw score: 2.16 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 4 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 4 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

TeacherKuniie
Kunikiyo
Student
  1. 1.Kunikiyo國清2 for sale14designated

Awataguchi School

Other artisans of the Awataguchi school

  1. 1.Yoshimitsu吉光50designated
  2. 2.Kuniyoshi國吉1 for sale51designated
  3. 3.Kunitsuna國綱18designated
  4. 4.Hisakuni久國21designated
  5. 5.Kuniyasu國安23designated
  6. 6.Norikuni則國15designated
  7. 7.Kunitomo國友4designated
  8. 8.Arikuni有國2designated
  9. 9.Kunimitsu國光2designated
  10. 10.Kunimitsu國光1designated
  11. 11.Kuninobu國延1designated
  12. 12.Kunisada國定2designated