Tsuguyoshi is an smith of Province, working in the period, whom the published sources rank alongside Tsugunao and Moritsugu as "one of the representative smiths of the school in the mid- period." The blades gathered under his name are signed and dated across the 1340s and 1350s, the years of Ryakuō, Jōwa, Kōō and Enbun, and the published commentary treats these dated, pieces as valuable documentary material for the study of the smith and his school. He stands at a turning point in the long Bitchū story the same sources recall, in which the early-eleventh-century travel miscellany Shin Sarugakki already named "the swords of Bitchū" among the noted products of the provinces, and the Aoe smiths who flourished along the lower Takahashi River two centuries later inherited that reputation. Where their late-Kamakura work calmed and the Nanbokuchō work tightened, Tsuguyoshi is one of the hands in whom the school's clear, bright temper reaches its height.
His characteristic manner is the suguha, and the sources make the point as a plain rule of kantei: broadly "Tsuguyoshi tends to produce suguha, while Tsugunao more frequently shows reverse chōji-midare"1, with a tight, bright nioiguchi shared between the two. His is a chū-suguha or a slender hoso-suguha, shallowly notare, into which small ko-gunome, occasional ko-chōji and angular elements enter, carried by ko-ashi, yō and a faint reverse-slanting tendency. The temper is nioi-dominant with ko-nie, fine kinsuji and sunagashi running within, and above all the nioiguchi is bright and clear. One Aoewakizashi is called a typical example of the suguha associated with him, and of his signed naginata-naoshi the published sources say it shows "the working range of suguha in which the smith fully demonstrates his forte"2, the chikei entering more conspicuously than in his usual production. The bōshi runs straight into a ko-maru, at times rising above the yokote, occasionally finishing in hakikake or yakitsume.
The jigane is the constant. He forges a well-packed ko-itame mixed with mokume, the grain at times finely standing, with very fine ji-nie set thickly in mijin and delicate chikei entering well; in places a jifu-like complexion and patches of sumihada appear, the speckled tells of the Aoejigane. Over it a midare-utsuri stands toward the mune, and on his finest blades parallel streaks of suji-utsuri rise near the edge as well, the two layering into a banded dan-utsuri. The published sources name this their distinctive mark: of one dated Jōwa tachi they write that "the midare-utsuri appearing close to the cutting edge is a hallmark peculiar to this tradition"3. It is the utsuri, more than any flourish in the temper, that carries the eye on his blades.
Within his record the sources draw two further faces. One is a small group of pieces judged not from the school's Nanbokuchō height but from the very end of Kamakura into the early Nanbokuchō: of standard mihaba with little taper, the curvature high with koshizori and added saki-zori, the chū-kissaki not yet greatly extended, a form read as marking the entry into the new age, the same tight suguha and dan-utsuri over a closely packed ko-itame. The other is the reverse-leaning touch. The flamboyant saka-chōji-midare the sources hold more characteristic of Tsugunao is largely absent from his own blades, yet a reverse tendency enters his suguha as saka-ashi and a gyaku-chōji flavor: one ō-suriagemumeikatana attributed to him widens into a suguha with reverse-slanting ashi and gyaku-chōji and a midare-komibōshi that rises to a pointed turn, and the Important Cultural Property tachi recorded under his name, a long signed and dated blade, is described with a ko-midare and gyaku-chōji temper, the most pronounced of its kind on his record.
What sets him within the school is exactly what the judges name. His tang is filed in the ō-sujikai of the Aoe convention, the long signature often cut on the haki-omote toward the mune with the date written descending, a habit the sources call typical of NanbokuchōAoe work. Against Tsugunao he is the suguha hand; against Ko-Aoe, whose suguha is ko-nie-deki with a somewhat subdued, shizuminioiguchi, his is the brighter, tighter, clearer temper of the later school. The published sources gather him with Tsugunao and Moritsugu as "one of the representative smiths of the mid-NanbokuchōAoe school"4, and praise the broad, unhurried temper of one Jūyōtachi as full of commanding spirit, a work in which "the highlights of this smith, who excelled in suguha, are shown without omission"5.
For the collector he is a documented Nanbokuchō name whose signed, dated blades survive in fair number. Fujishiro's rating is not recorded; the Tōkō Taikan values him in the upper-middle range. He has no National Treasures. His record runs instead through one Important Cultural Property, a long signed and dated tachi, and the higher modern tiers, one blade papered to the Tokubetsu Jūyō and some eighteen to Jūyō. His provenance is sparing and honestly so: an ō-suriagemumeikatana attributed to him was transmitted in the Mito Tokugawa family, and the rest are held in private and institutional collections of recorded but partial whereabouts. Of the blades that can change hands, most are held rather than traded, so a signed Tsuguyoshi comes to market only from time to time and a dated, ubu example is a notable thing to encounter, valued, as the sources repeat, as reference material for understanding the range of his work.
Historical importance
Where Tsuguyoshi stands among comparable artisans: across all of nihontō, and within tradition, era, and period. The tiers (Foremost · Leading · Major · Notable) weigh official designations from the NBTHK and Japan's Agency for Cultural Affairs, together with historical honors of lasting repute such as the Sansaku and Meibutsu-chō.