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Overview·Kantei·Designations·Blade Forms·Signatures·Lineage·School
OverviewKanteiDesignationsBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Satsuma
  3. Masayoshi

Satsuma Masayoshi

正良

Jūyō
Vol. 28, No. 175 · Katana

Satsuma Masayoshi

正良

10 ranked works

ProvinceSatsumaEraMeiwa (1764–1772)PeriodEdoSchoolSatsumaTraditionYamato-denGeneration3rdTeacherMasayoshiFujishiroJo sakuToko Taikan500(top 26%)TypeSwordsmithCodeMAS1343
10Jūyō Tōken

Overview

The blades on record under the name Masayoshi of Satsuma carry a family succession rather than a single hand. The published sources read the name as the Ijichi house of Satsuma domain smiths, and the record is led by the third generation, born in Kyoho 18, who succeeded to the name Masayoshi, received the title Hoki no Kami in Kansei 1 at the time as Oku Motohira, and on that occasion ceded the Masayoshi name to his heir and signed Masayuki thereafter, dying at eighty-six in Bunsei 1. The earliest hand the record reaches is the first generation, named in one text as Uehara Juzaemon, a warrior of the Izumi district at the northern edge of the province where it meets , a strategic post manned by the domain's hardiest samurai, recorded there as the grandfather of the later Hoki no Kami. Across the generations the published commentary holds a single judgment in view: among Satsuma smiths he stands, with Oku Yamato no Kami Motohira, as one of the two foremost masters, and he was held to have surpassed his teacher Masachika and his own forebears, a smith the sources call simply a master who outstripped his teacher.

His is a robust - hand, and its most constant tell lies in the activity of the and the . Over every blade in the corpus the temper carries , and over most of it and short as well, the long streaming lines running together within a deep and an abundant, thick . The itself is the second mark: it adheres heavily and conspicuously mixes coarse across most of the record, the bright, agitated steel that sets the Satsuma manner apart from the calmer of the contemporary revival or of Osaka work. The temper on which this activity rides is a notare base into which , small and a pointed tendency are mixed, the entering well, the published sources naming this carrying and pointed teeth as his habitual hand. It is not a regular and not a ; the pointed elements riding on a notare base are what the commentary repeatedly calls typical of him.

The is the third discriminator, and it must be read from this smith's own work rather than from any school formula. His is an that stands and opens, mixed with and flowing , often with a tendency toward raised grain, over which the forms thickly and enter frequently; in the finest pieces the published sources note an unusual -like vari-gane, a dark figure in the steel that lends a distinctive texture, the phrase 「地景風の変り金」 recurring in the commentary. This is a stout, active , not the fine clear of the Yamashiro or Osaka traditions, and it is the the commentary describes as belonging to Satsuma. The answers the . The defining formula the published sources cut is 「乱れ込み、先尖りごころに掃きかける」, the point running in as a , gathering a pointed and finishing in ; on the most vigorous blades the sweep gathers into a flame-like form, and a few examples close instead in a quieter or an -leaning return. The under all of this is the one the sources call habitually his, broad in width, thick in , long and stoutly built, the point extended into a or, on his greatest work, an .

Within this one manner the corpus draws two periods and a signature change that date the blades closely. The first generation's single well-represented blade, from the Kyowa years, already shows the line's idiom formed, a carrying and a pointed tendency, vigorous with , and prominent , and , the running in as a with a rounded tip and a long return, called a representative example of a maker whose work is scarce. The third generation's prime fills the rest of the record, and the sources read it as - after the manner of , one Tenmei 5 blade called outright a work in the 「志津風の作域」 and judged a success, another, from his earlier Meiwa and An'ei years, said to take its models from the older Go and from Inoue Shinkai of Osaka. The inscriptions track this chronology: he signed both and , the surname Taira entering the signature from the Tenmei years so that a Sasshu-ju Taira Masayoshi blade falls after that line, and as a rule he did not cut the character for day into his dates, one An'ei 6 abbreviating so far as to give only the year, a thing the commentary marks as extremely rare.

What sets him apart is best drawn from his own grounded traits rather than by contrast. The deep, coarse , the streaming and within a , and the standing Satsuma with its are the features that identify his hand, and the of , pointed and swept in , at times flame-like, completes the picture. The sources place him at the head of his school's late and fullest flowering, the renown of the pupil outshining the master attached to his name, written 「出藍の誉が高く」; he learned in the school of Masachika and stood at the close beside Oku Yamato no Kami Motohira, the two smiths the commentary names together whenever it weighs the masters of Satsuma , the formula 「薩摩新々刀鍛冶の中では奥大和守元平と共に双璧である」 recurring almost word for word across the record. The Jigen-ryu temper of the province, the bold construction and the weight in the hand, the sources say he carried further than most, so that his most imposing blades are exceptional even among Satsuma work.

Fujishiro grades him Jo-, and the blades on record are all ; there are no National Treasures or Important Cultural Properties among them, and the published record preserves no provenance or institutional holder for them. They are the steady mark of a domain master whose work is uncommon rather than unobtainable, held in private hands and surfacing from time to time rather than locked away as patrimony. The longest and most powerful of them, an of Tenmei 5 measuring over eighty-six centimeters, the sources call a life's major work and a 「畢生の大作にして白眉」, a preeminent piece without near parallel for its length, vigor and weight in the hand, the stronger than usual and the grandeur of the coarse- exceptional. A blade by Hoki no Kami Masayuki comes to the serious collector only from time to time and at the upper end of the Satsuma field, a landmark of the late tradition when one appears, the deep- streaming on its standing Satsuma unmistakable for the hand that made it.

Kantei

The Masayoshi name is one Ijichi succession read across three generations: an Izumi-born first generation of the Kyowa era named in one text, the line's middle generations, and the celebrated third generation whose Soshu-den prime the published sources describe at length and place beside Oku Motohira. The kantei is led by that third generation's own typical traits, the deep-nie streaming midare on a standing Satsuma jigane, with the Satsuma-ju Taira Masayoshi signature and the 'Taira' surname dated from the Tenmei years as the inscriptional spine.

Masayoshi of Satsuma, the Ijichi family name carried across three generations of domain smiths. The published record is led by the third generation, born in Kyoho 18 (1733), who succeeded to the Masayoshi name, received the title Hoki no Kami at the same shinsa as Oku Motohira in Kansei 1 (1789) and thereupon ceded the name Masayoshi to his heir and signed Masataka thereafter, dying at eighty-six in Bunsei 1 (1818). The texts rank him, with Oku Motohira, as one of the twin pillars of Satsuma shinshinto, and say he surpassed his father and grandfather. His hand is a robust Soshu-den one. Over a broad, thick, long-bladed sugata with extended point he forges a standing itame mixed with mokume and flowing grain, the ji-nie thick and chikei frequent, and tempers a notare-based midare carrying gunome and pointed togariba, the nioi deep, the nie thick with coarse ara-nie, and sunagashi and kinsuji running freely, the Satsuma imozuru of streaming activity. The boshi runs in as a midare swept in hakikake, the point at times pointed, at times flame-like. The published sources liken his prime to Shizu of the Soshu tradition.

Diagnostic discriminators

100% of his works

70% of his works

the texts name a notare base carrying gunome with pointed teeth as his habitual temper; the togari-gokoro riding on the notare, not a regular gunome or a Bizen choji, is what the published sources call typical of him

70% of his works

Observation by phase

The first generation (Uehara Juzaemon of Izumi, Kyowa era)

less firmly established

The earliest hand the published record reaches, set apart by name and provenance. The texts name the first Satsuma Masayoshi as Uehara Juzaemon, a man of Izumi village at the northern edge of Satsuma where it meets Higo, a strategic post manned by the domain's hardiest samurai, who signed Satsuma-no-kuni Izumi-ju Fujiwara Masayoshi and is recorded as the grandfather of the later Hoki no Kami Masayoshi. His one well-represented blade shows the line's manner already formed, a fine ko-itame well packed with thick ji-nie and chikei, a notare carrying gunome and pointed teeth, deep nioi, abundant nie with coarse ara-nie, and sunagashi, kinsuji and nie-suji within, the boshi swept and turning back, named by the texts a representative piece of a maker whose work is scarce.

Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The third-generation prime (the Soshu-den hand, twin pillar with Motohira)

the broad, thick, long-bladed and stout construction the texts call habitually his, and the Satsuma-ju Taira Masayoshi signature; the 'Taira' surname enters from the Tenmei years, so a 'Taira Masayoshi' inscription places a blade after circa 1781

The full and documented manner, the third generation whom the texts say surpassed his father and grandfather and rank with Oku Motohira as a twin pillar of Satsuma shinshinto. Over a sugata broad in width, thick in kasane, long and stout with an extended or large point, he forges an itame that stands open, mokume and flowing grain mixed in, the ji-nie thick and chikei entering freely, at times a chikei-like vari-gane lending a distinctive ground. The temper is a notare base on which ride gunome, small gunome and pointed teeth, the ashi entering, the nioi deep, the nie thick with coarse ara-nie conspicuous, and sunagashi, kinsuji and nie-suji running together, occasional yubashiri and tobiyaki above. The boshi runs in as a midare (midare-komi), swept strongly in hakikake and turning back long, the point at times taking a pointed togari and at times flame-like. The published sources read this prime as Soshu-den, and name Shizu in particular as its model; one blade is called outright a Shizu-manner success.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

The biography is the NBTHK's near-constant formula for the third generation: son of the second-generation Ijichi Masayoshi, born in Kyoho 18, succeeded as the third Masayoshi, received the title Hoki no Kami in Kansei 1 at the same time as Oku Motohira and ceded the Masayoshi name to his heir while taking the name Masataka, dying at eighty-six in Bunsei 1.

His prime is read as Soshu-den, the published sources naming Shizu in particular as his model and calling one blade outright a Shizu-manner success, and pointing to the Go and to Inoue Shinkai as models he is supposed to have taken in his early work.

The signature is read straight off the nakago: he signed both katana-mei and tachi-mei, the 'Taira' surname in Satsuma-ju Taira Masayoshi entering from the Tenmei years, and as a rule he did not cut the character for 'day' into the date, one blade abbreviating even further to give only the year.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai—
Jūyō Bijutsuhin—
Gyobutsu—
Tokubetsu Jūyō—
Jūyō Tōken10

Elite Standing

0.07 across 10 designated works

Top 20% among smiths

Blade Forms

Distribution across 10 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 10 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

TeacherMasayoshi
Masayoshi
Students (3)
  1. 1.Masayuki正幸4 for sale27designated
  2. 2.Masayoshi正良1 for sale10designated
  3. 3.Masayoshi正良

Satsuma School

Other artisans of the Satsuma school

  1. 1.Yasuyo安代1 for sale20designated
  2. 2.Motohira元平11 for sale38designated
  3. 3.Masayuki正幸4 for sale27designated
  4. 4.Masakiyo正清26designated
  5. 5.Yasuari安在4designated
  6. 6.Masakage正景3designated
  7. 7.Kunihira國平3designated
  8. 8.Masafusa正房3designated
  9. 9.Sukehira祐平1designated
  10. 10.Masayoshi正良3designated
  11. 11.Yasusada安貞2designated
  12. 12.Kageyoshi景吉1designated