NihontoWatch MonNihontoWatchBETA
MarketEncyclopedia
NihontoWatch Mon

NihontoWatchBETA

Market
Encyclopedia
Overview·Kantei·Designations·Provenance·Blade Forms·Signatures·Lineage·School
OverviewKanteiDesignationsProvenanceBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Sa
  3. Sue-Sa
  4. Kunihiro

Sa Kunihiro

國弘

Tokujū
Vol. 26, No. 38 · Tantō

Sa Kunihiro

國弘

51 ranked works

ProvinceChikuzenEraShohei (1346–1370)PeriodNanbokuchōSchoolSaTraditionSoshu-denTeacherSaFujishiroJo-jo sakuToko Taikan600(top 21%)TypeSwordsmithCodeKUN170
2Jūyō Bunkazai
4Tokubetsu Jūyō45Jūyō Tōken

Overview

A small , signed Kunihiro and dated Shōhei 12 (1357), is the fixed point of his record: from it the published sources read the span of his activity, for signed work by his hand is otherwise scarce. Kunihiro worked in the school, the line of the period, and is transmitted as a son of Yoshihiro or, by another account, of Sadayuki. The published sources place him among the leading hands carried on from Ō-, in a school that, as they put it, emerged in the early and cast off the older traditional Kyūshū manner to establish a style in which the steel and temper are 'bright and clear, refined in workmanship' (地刃が明るく冴えて垢抜けした作風). Within that school Yasuyoshi, Yukihiro, Yoshisada, Kunihiro, Hiroyuki, Hiroyasu and Sadayoshi all inherited the master's manner; Kunihiro is the one to whom the boldest, highest-tempered work was assigned.

His characteristic hand is a large-patterned irregular temper led by undulation. The published sources name two manners in his work and describe the first as 'a somewhat large-patterned with as the main theme' (のたれを主調としたやや大模様の乱れ刃), into which he sets , , and with a pointed tendency, the whole tempered high and flamboyant. The is deep and the attaches thickly and unevenly, with coarse gathering in places; fine and spill into the and run freely, and -like appears frequently. It is the showiest of the -group manners, and the reason it is his: the house, judging -group blades, tended to assign the name Kunihiro to those examples showing 'the most vigorously unsettled ' (最もさかんに乱れ).

The is the constant beneath both manners. It is a standing mixed with and a flowing grain, thick in with bold entering frequently, the steel carrying a somewhat blackish cast. This is the -derived of the school, open and active, not the bright tight and of ; where the forging tightens on his smaller signed pieces the grows fine and the steel brightens. Over it the of the prime work runs into , thrusts up and ends pointed, with vigorous and a long return, while the quieter pieces run straight to a small round. His second manner, named alongside the first, is a -toned temper mixed with , calmer and seen chiefly on the and the .

Most of his surviving record is not signed at all. The school's long were shortened in later centuries into , and the great majority of blades that carry his name today are , wide in body with little taper, shallow in and large in the , the grand high- shape. On these the published sources affirm the school from every point and judge the manner 'most fittingly compared to Kunihiro within the school' (同派の国弘に最も擬せられる), precisely because the tempering is high and large in scale, the variable, the internal activity abundant and the -like well marked. The signed dated Shōhei 12 anchors the chronology; one signed survives, published in the Kōzan , and is held to be of high documentary value for the study of the whole line.

What sets him apart is named within his own school rather than against another. The hands of the smiths are so closely matched that individual attribution is difficult, and the published commentary is candid about it: the attribution to Kunihiro rests on the boldness and scale of the workmanship, not on a single personal tell. He is distinguished from his schoolmates by carrying the most flamboyant, highest-tempered of the group, his bold and pointed, thrusting the marks the judges look to. The commentary is honest about his standing within the line, granting that his technique 'falls far short of Ō-' (技術は遠く大左に及ばず); yet on his best small work the refined, bright and are found to share 'a continuous affinity with Ō-' (一脈大左に相通ずるものがあって), the kinship that places him among the school's leading hands.

For the collector Kunihiro is a scarce name. Fujishiro grades him Jō-jō . He has no National Treasures; his record reaches the Important Cultural Property rank in two signed preserved at shrines, one at Kotohira-gū in Kagawa and one at Shinonome Jinja in Ehime, both heritage held in religious keeping. Beyond these, the documented blades run through the higher modern tiers, four at and the rest at , with roughly fifty designated works on record in all. Their provenance reaches into the houses, a once held by the Tokugawa shogunal family and a blade transmitted in the Hisamatsu Matsudaira house, with examples now in the Tokugawa Art Museum and the Iwate Prefectural Museum. Signed work is exceptionally rare and the dated a document in itself; of the shortened , only a small number fall in the and tiers, so a Kunihiro comes to a private collector only seldom, and a signed example rarer still, a tangible record of how the school carried its bright, bold manner into the height of the .

Kantei

two manners of one Sa-school hand stated together by the published sources, both over a standing itame with chikei and blackish ji-nie: the prime, large-patterned notare-led midare deep in nie with frequent yubashiri-tobiyaki and a pointed, thrusting boshi, and a quieter suguha-toned temper mixed with gunome

Kunihiro is a smith of the school () of the period, counted among the leading pupils carried on from O-. The published sources transmit him as a son of Yoshihiro, or by another account of Sadayuki, and place his hand within the lineage that, casting off the older Kyushu manner, established a style in which both and are bright and clear. Surviving signed work is scarce, fixed in time by a dated Shohei 12, so most of his record is shortened from long . His ground is a standing mixed with and flowing grain, thick in with frequent and a somewhat blackish steel, the -derived of the school rather than the bright . Over it he tempers in two manners the sources name together: a large-patterned led by , mixing , and pointed-, deep in with thick uneven , and running freely and -like frequent, the running into a thrusting, pointed sweep with vigorous ; and a quieter -toned temper into which is mixed. The house, judging -group blades, assigned the name Kunihiro to those showing the most vigorously unsettled , so his attributions gather the boldest and highest-tempered work of the school.

Diagnostic discriminators

unique vs Bizen baseline (choji-led)

unique vs Bizen ko-itame with utsuri

Observation by phase

The large-patterned notare-led midare (his recognized prime)

His recognized work, and the manner to which the house assigned his name, is the large-patterned led by . The shape is the grand , wide in body with little taper from base to tip, rather thick in with shallow and a large extended , most often an from a long . The ground is a standing mixed with and flowing grain, thick in with frequent bold and a somewhat blackish steel. Over it the is high, mixing , , and pointed- into a flamboyant , and entering well, the deep, the thick and uneven with coarse in places, fine and spilling freely and -like frequent. The runs into midare-, thrusts up and ends pointed with vigorous and a long return. On the signed dated the hand appears smaller in scale. The published sources call this the most vigorously unsettled of the group, a bold and high-tempered work full of commanding spirit.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The quieter suguha-toned temper with gunome (his second mode)

The published sources name a second manner together with the first: a -toned temper into which is mixed, calmer than the flamboyant . It appears chiefly on the smaller signed work, the and , and on certain shortened blades. The ground remains the -school standing with ; over it the temper runs a shallow or fine -toned line mixed with and a little pointed-, entering, the deep and the well adhered, with and . The runs straight to a small round or enters and points. The dated Shohei and the smallest signed pieces sit here, where the published sources find the refined, bright and that share an affinity with O-.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

The published sources transmit Kunihiro as a son of Yoshihiro, or by another account of Sadayuki, note that few signed works survive, and fix his active period by a tanto dated Shohei 12. They name two manners in his work, a large-patterned midare led by notare and a suguha-toned temper mixed with gunome, and record that the Hon'ami house, judging Sa-group blades, assigned the name Kunihiro to those showing the most vigorously unsettled midare.

On the o-suriage mumei katana the published sources affirm the Sa school from every point and judge the manner most appropriately compared to Kunihiro within it, because the tempering is high and large-patterned, the nie variable, the internal activity abundant and the yubashiri-like tobiyaki well marked; the school's hands are so closely matched that the attribution rests on the boldness of the workmanship rather than a single personal tell.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai2
Jūyō Bijutsuhin—
Gyobutsu—
Tokubetsu Jūyō4
Jūyō Tōken45

Elite Standing

0.28 across 51 designated works

Top 9% among smiths

Provenance

2 documented provenances across certified works by Kunihiro

Provenance Standing

1 works held in elite collections across 2 documented provenances

Top 77% among smiths

Raw score: 1.88 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 51 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 51 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

TeacherSa
Kunihiro
Student
  1. 1.Sadakuni貞國1designated

Sa School

Other artisans of the Sa school

  1. 1.Sa左74designated
  2. 2.Yasuyoshi安吉1 for sale45designated
  3. 3.Yoshisada吉貞48designated
  4. 4.Hiroyasu弘安24designated
  5. 5.Hiroyuki弘行33designated
  6. 6.Yukihiro行弘11designated
  7. 7.Sadayoshi貞吉23designated
  8. 8.Sadayuki定行1 for sale3designated
  9. 9.Yoshihiro吉弘4designated
  10. 10.Yukisue行末1designated
  11. 11.Kunitada國忠1designated
  12. 12.Yasuyuki安行1designated