NihontoWatch MonNihontoWatchBETA
MarketEncyclopedia
NihontoWatch Mon

NihontoWatchBETA

Market
Encyclopedia
Overview·Kantei·Honors·Designations·Provenance·Blade Forms·Signatures·Lineage·School
OverviewKanteiHonorsDesignationsProvenanceBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Sa
  3. Ō-Sa
  4. Sa

Sa

左

Tokujū
Vol. 7, No. 47 · Katana

Sa

左

74 ranked works

享保名物帳正宗十哲
ProvinceChikuzenEraKenmu (1334–1338)PeriodNanbokuchōSchoolSaTraditionSoshu-denGeneration1stTeacherMasamuneFujishiroSai-jo saku(Supreme Work)Toko Taikan2,000(top 2%)TypeSwordsmithCodeSA11
3Kokuhō
7Jūyō Bunkazai
9Jūyō Bijutsuhin
2Gyobutsu
21Tokubetsu Jūyō32Jūyō Tōken

Overview

, commonly called O- or , is the smith who carried the manner into Kyushu and stands, by the count of the sword books, among the pupils of Masamune. The published sources read the single character 左 he cut on his tang as an abbreviation of Saemon Saburo, and place him as the grandson of Sairen and the son of Jitsua, the line of smiths descended from the old Kyushu tradition. That tradition, in the words the restates on blade after blade, was one whose 地刃が沈み、鄙びた直刃調のもの, a sunken, rustic inherited from Yamato. Against it O- is the reformer: he broke wholly from his grandfather's and father's manner and is credited with having 垢ぬけした乱れ刃の作域を創作, founding a clear, unprovincial style, and so lifting work to a rank it had never held. Around him a large school formed, his pupils Yasuyoshi, Yukihiro, Yoshisada, Kunihiro, Hiroyasu, Hiroyuki and Sadayoshi each carrying the manner into the years and into the later history of the Kyushu blade. He worked in the Genko and Kemmu years of the early period.

What the change amounts to is a steel that runs bright and clear where the old Kyushu work ran dark. His is an , well knit on the small and standing open on the grand , carrying laid down dust-fine, 地沸微塵, and frequent dark . The published record returns again and again to the judgment, 地刃共に澄んで明るく冴える, that and alike are limpid, bright and lucid, and on the finest pieces the adds that the ji has neither the whiteness nor the blackness of lesser Kyushu steel. Over that he tempers a notare base mixed with and , the deep and the bright, with and entering and fine and drawn throughout the . The reform is summed in a recurring phrase the sources use for his new manner, 地景や金筋の目立つ乱れ主調の新作風を樹立した, an irregular temper led by conspicuous and .

The single feature that most reliably marks his hand sits in the . Across his surviving work the temper of the point thrusts up and runs to a sharp tip with a long brushed return, 突き上げて先が尖って迫力があり, the published sources noting its force and its long even on pieces where they decline to fix the individual hand. On the a faint rises in the , the knits tight, and the keeps a quieter, more even register; on the wide the temper grows fuller, , and appear, the thickens and at times turns rough, and the whole carries what the repeatedly calls a , a martial spirit. The activity is read first in the and in the point, and the bright , free of whiteness, is what tells him from his fellows when the alone will not.

His record divides cleanly into two registers, and the division is the key to reading him. The signed pieces are almost all small , , with little or no , thin and a withered , signed in fine, flowing chisel 左 on the and 筑州住 on the ; these the calls his canonical work, one such described as 左文字の見どころを余すところなく示した典型作, a typical piece showing every point of recognition, another as 相州伝上工の実力を遺憾なく発揮した, the full skill of a first-rate hand. The grand , by contrast, are -, wide in the body with little taper and a extended in the manner, papered as . A third group is read only to the school: a piece marked simply 左, or carrying a red-ink 三木左, often means the broad excellence of the line rather than the master himself, the published sources cautioning that 個名は特定し得ないまでも, even where the individual name cannot be settled, the thrusting, pointed should not be overlooked. The old books' placing of him in Masamune's circle the treats with care, allowing the point remains open while holding the influence on his reform to be plain.

Against his peers the distinction is drawn by his own grounded traits rather than by theirs. His bright, clear and the thrusting set him apart, and the recurring institutional verdict that and run limpid and lucid is the through-line that holds the two registers together as one hand. Within Kyushu the contrast is sharper still, and the sources make it the heart of his importance: where Sairen and Jitsua before him left a sunken, rustic , O-'s is the bright unprovincial style that reorients the whole tradition, his pupils and the later Kyushu smiths working in his light. He is, in the plainest terms the record allows, the smith through whom the manner becomes a Kyushu one.

His is a Sai-jo hand by the Fujishiro rating, and the designations bear the standing out: among the works on record are four National Treasures, foremost the 江雪左文字, the Kosetsu , the only signed of his to survive, with seven Important Cultural Properties and twenty-one at besides, some seventy-seven designated works on record in all. The named run through the great houses: the Onishi , held by the Arima lords of Kurume; the 弾正左文字, the Danjo long treasured by Uesugi Kagekatsu; pieces preserved in the Owari Tokugawa house, where one stood among the highest-graded blades of the collection, in the Date house of Sendai, the Sakai of Himeji, the Tachibana of Yanagawa, the Makino, and the Matsudaira of Shirakawa, one having passed through the hands of Hideyoshi himself. For the private collector the position follows from this history. The National Treasures and Important Cultural Properties are heritage held in public and long-private hands, not things that trade; of the rest the and blades, fifty or so across the recorded tiers, are more findable than the works of the very rarest names, yet a signed or a securely papered comes to market only rarely, and is a landmark of a collection when it does.

Kantei

Two registers of one Kyushu Soshu hand: a small signed fukura-kareru tanto and a grand osuriage-mumei Den Sa katana, joined by a bright nie notare-gunome over chikei-rich itame and a thrusting, pointed boshi.

O-, commonly or , is the master who carried the manner into Kyushu and is counted among the pupils of Masamune. The published sources make him grandson of Sairen and son of Jitsua, and read the single character 左 as an abbreviation of Saemon Saburo. Where the older Kyushu work of his grandfather and father was a sunken, rustic , he broke wholly from it and founded a bright, clear manner with conspicuous and , lifting work to the first rank and seeding a large school of pupils, Yasuyoshi, Yukihiro, Yoshisada, Kunihiro and others. His record divides cleanly into two registers: the small fukura-kareru signed that are his typical surviving work, signed 左 or 左 / 筑州住 in fine, flowing chisel, and the grand wide-bodied - attributed as . Only one signed survives, the National Treasure Kosetsu . Across both registers a temper of bright, deep runs profuse and over a -rich , and above all the thrusts up and points with a long brushed return, his clearest single tell.

Diagnostic discriminators

76% of his works

73% of his works

78% of his works

a bright, deep-nie notare mixed with gunome is his temper base across both tanto and katana, carrying the kinsuji and sunagashi

Observation by phase

Signed tanto (his typical surviving work)

the signed register: the small fukura-kareru tanto signed in fine chisel 左 / 筑州住, his typical in-mei work

His signed pieces are almost all small , , with shallow or no , thin and a withered , signed in fine chisel 左 on the and 筑州住 on the . The forging is a well-knit with dust-fine and frequent , and a faint rises in the . Over it runs a notare base mixed with and , and entering, the deep and the bright and clear, with fine and throughout; the thrusts up to a point and returns long with abundant , the manner the published sources call his canonical, typical work.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

Osuriage-mumei katana (Den Sa)

the mumei register: wide osuriage-mumei katana papered Den Sa or Mumei Samonji, the more flamboyant and powerful manner

The grand attributed to him are -, wide in the body with little taper, a middling or large extended in the manner. The stands open with flowing , the thick and abundant, the steel bright and clear with no whiteness or blackness. The temper is a and carrying -ba and occasionally , and well in, the thick and at times rough, with , and and conspicuous and , the whole charged with the the published sources repeatedly name. The runs -cho with strong , sometimes a flame, and a pointed return; on the finest the temper rises high above the toward the Kosetsu manner.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

School-level attribution (Den Sa / Ippa)

less firmly established

A third group is papered to the name without being assignable to O- himself. The published sources caution that an - piece read simply as , or a red-ink 三木左, often means the broad excellence of the school rather than the master's own hand, individual authorship not being fixable. These pieces share the school traits, the bright clear and the pointed thrusting , but are explicitly held back from the master at medium confidence; the pointed, thrusting is named as the school feature that should not be overlooked even when the individual name cannot be settled.

Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

He is told from his Soshu peers chiefly by the thrusting, pointed boshi and the bright, clear Chikuzen ji-nie that has neither whiteness nor blackness.

The Muromachi-era sword books place him among the pupils of Masamune; the published sources note the point remains open to examination, but agree the Soshu influence on his reform of the old Kyushu manner is plain.

Honors

享保名物帳Kyōhō Meibutsu Chō (Catalog of Celebrated Blades)

Catalog 9 · burned 2 (11 total)

The family's catalog of celebrated blades (名物) presented to shogun Tokugawa Yoshimune in Kyōhō 4 (1719). Records ~274 blades of – manufacture (168 extant + ~80 burned + ~26 later additions), grouped by smith with valuations and provenance. This honor tags smiths whose work is recorded in the catalog; the detail field carries per-smith counts where the published tally is exact, or 所載 + named blades where only inclusion is verified.

正宗十哲Masamune Juttetsu (Ten Brilliant Students of Masamune)

From old counted among the Ten

The Ten Brilliant Students of Masamune — an -period construct first attested in the Shōsan (刀剣正纂, 1862), which itself already disclaims the grouping as later conjecture. Several members cannot have been actual students on chronology (Kanemitsu, Chōgi, Kinjū, Naotsuna), and Norishige is now considered a fellow student under Kunimitsu — yet invoke the roster constantly, and it remains core collector vocabulary. Roster variants exist (Sadamune in place of Naotsuna; Kongōbyōe Moritaka swapped in for Kunitsugu or Naotsuna); this honor tags the standard ten.

Designations

Kokuhō3
Jūyō Bunkazai7
Jūyō Bijutsuhin9
Gyobutsu2
Tokubetsu Jūyō21
Jūyō Tōken32

Elite Standing

1.30 across 74 designated works

Top 1% among smiths

Provenance

69 documented provenances across certified works by Sa

Provenance Standing

39 works held in elite collections across 69 documented provenances

Top 1% among smiths

Raw score: 4.34 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 74 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 74 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

TeacherMasamune
Sa
Students (12)
  1. 1.Yasuyoshi安吉1 for sale45designated
  2. 2.Kunihiro國弘51designated
  3. 3.Yoshisada吉貞48designated
  4. 4.Hiroyasu弘安24designated
  5. 5.Hiroyuki弘行33designated
  6. 6.Yukihiro行弘11designated
  7. 7.Sadayoshi貞吉23designated
  8. 8.Sadayuki定行1 for sale3designated
  9. 9.Yoshihiro吉弘4designated
  10. 10.Hiroyoshi弘吉2designated
  11. 11.Sa左
  12. 12.Yasuyuki安行1designated

Sa School

Other artisans of the Sa school

  1. 1.Yasuyoshi安吉1 for sale45designated
  2. 2.Kunihiro國弘51designated
  3. 3.Yoshisada吉貞48designated
  4. 4.Hiroyasu弘安24designated
  5. 5.Hiroyuki弘行33designated
  6. 6.Yukihiro行弘11designated
  7. 7.Sadayoshi貞吉23designated
  8. 8.Sadayuki定行1 for sale3designated
  9. 9.Yoshihiro吉弘4designated
  10. 10.Yukisue行末1designated
  11. 11.Kunitada國忠1designated
  12. 12.Sadakuni貞國1designated