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Overview·Kantei·Designations·Provenance·Blade Forms·Signatures·Lineage·School
OverviewKanteiDesignationsProvenanceBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Soshu
  3. Sue-Sōshū
  4. Tsunahiro

Sue-Soshu Tsunahiro

綱廣

Jūyō
Vol. 49, No. 70 · Wakizashi

Sue-Soshu Tsunahiro

綱廣

12 ranked works

ProvinceSagamiEraTenmon (1532–1555)PeriodMuromachiSchoolSoshu>Sue-SoshuTraditionSoshu-denGeneration1stTeacherMasahiroFujishiroJo sakuToko Taikan400(top 37%)TypeSwordsmithCodeTSU253
1Jūyō Bijutsuhin
1Gyobutsu
10Jūyō Tōken

Overview

Tsunahiro (綱広) is the smith who closes the tradition. His earliest dated work falls in the Tenbun era (1532 to 1555), and the published sources take that as the foremost representative of the smiths of the period, the one who, in their words, "most faithfully preserved the Sōshū-den style and was most active during the Tenbun era" (室町時代の相州鍛冶の代表は相州伝の作風を最もよく守り天文年間に最も活躍した初代綱広であった). He is transmitted as a descendant of Hiromasa who first signed Masahiro and, summoned by Hōjō Ujitsuna to Odawara, received the character and changed his name accordingly. The name then became a lineage-name carried into the period, the second generation placed in Tenshō, the third in Keichō, so that "Tsunahiro" denotes a workshop sustained for generations under the Later Hōjō at Odawara rather than a single hand. He is signed and almost throughout, the five-character -jū Tsunahiro cut low on the toward the , the dated 1548 and the Tenbun 22 (1553) anchoring the to whom the later generations are referred.

His characteristic hand is the late- built toward full temper. Over the he tempers a into which , the arrow-notch tooth, and are mixed, the widening as it rises toward the tip; attaches well with , and and are then carried across the until the whole becomes . The tooth, set into the and rising with it, is the structural tell the judges keep returning to when they call a blade typical of him. The full-temper is the manner the published sources name his forte, descending, they say, from Hiromitsu and Akihiro, "a skilled maker in the line following Hiromitsu and Akihiro, whose work contains much that is noteworthy in the style said to have been established by them" (広光・秋広以来の巧者で作風は彼等が創始したと伝える皆焼に見るべきものがある). On one the shows crescent-shaped , which the judges name a distinctive feature of his hand (皆焼刃に三日月状の飛焼を見せるなど同工の特色をよく示し).

The behind this is read together with the temper, for the full temper depends on it. He forges an mixed with and that stands and runs, the grain open rather than tight, with well attached and entering, and against this open steel the and gather into . The standing grain is named on half his work and the flowing grain on a third, so the late- is itself part of the recognition, not merely a backdrop. The runs in to a or pointed return, often , with a long sometimes tempered down. The carving is a further marked tell, true and grass , set on a lotus pedestal, and incised invocations such as and Namu Myōhō Kyō, which the judges repeatedly call distinctive of late- work.

Against this flamboyant rule stands a documented exception. The dated 1548 leaves the range altogether for a -chō broken by with , the tight with , and the published sources call it an unusual work for him while noting that examples of the kind are occasionally met among his and . The generations are the other axis along which his work is read. The judges set out the accepted scheme, the first in Tenbun, the second in Tenshō, the third in Keichō, the fourth in 'ei and the fifth around Manji, and then appraise several undated blades by their overall bearing rather than by a date. A wide, with strongly developed is placed around Genki to Tenshō, and several are judged no earlier than the third generation, the judges leaving a closer determination to future study (今後の研究に俟ちたい). The hand is continuous across these generations, the over a standing - , so that the later work is recognised as Tsunahiro by the inherited range rather than by any changed manner.

What sets him apart is read off his own grounded traits rather than by borrowing a comparison. The published sources do compare him to the masters whose he inherits, and the comparison cuts both ways: he is placed in the line of Hiromitsu and Akihiro, yet of his Important Art Object the judges note that the shape of its "differs from those associated with Hiromitsu and Akihiro" (刃文は広光、秋広と形状を異にしている), distinguishing his hand from the very smiths he descends from. His own tell is the tooth woven into a that widens to the tip and is overrun into , over a standing, -laced . Standing at the end of the line, he is the smith who, as the judges put it, adorns that tradition's final flourishing, his Tenbun the documented origin against which the later workshop is dated. The published sources name him within the Sue-Sōshū group as one who "is well known and highly skilled" (綱広は末相州にあって知名度が高く技量も高く), his output large and many works surviving.

Tsunahiro is Jō in Fujishiro's grading, with a Tōkō Taikan valuation of four hundred man. The weight of designation behind his name is broad rather than rarefied: his standing rests on ten blades together with an Important Art Object and an early postwar Special-Preservation-tier , the higher tiers above not represented among his work. Among those ten the judges single out his pieces as representative, one a work in which "Tsunahiro's forte is fully displayed" (綱広の本領が発揮されており), another a representative blade of the period. The provenance recorded against his blades is distinguished and real: the dated Tenbun 22 bears the ownership inscription of Sakurai Daigaku, a senior retainer of the Later Hōjō house, and afterward passed to Ōkubo Ichiō, the Meiji connoisseur who became the first mayor of Tokyo; the 1548 carries a leather-covered iron mounting once cherished by Inukai Bokudō; and one of his blades descends through Akimoto Saemon Gorō Fujiwara Yoshihide and into the Imperial collection. Most designated blades, his included, are held rather than traded, but his are not beyond reach in the way a masterwork is: a Tsunahiro, signed and , comes to the collector of late- from time to time, with patience, and is among the most rewarding things that close of the tradition offers.

Kantei

one late-Soshu manner read across the documented generations rather than as a single hand: the dated shodai of Tenbun, whose rule is the hitatsura-bound gunome-midare but who also left the rare suguha exception, and the later generations (placed by the published sources at Tensho, Keicho and beyond) who carry the same yahazu-and-hitatsura range forward under the inherited name, several Juyo pieces appraised as no earlier than the third generation

Tsunahiro, the smith who closes the tradition. The , transmitted as a descendant of Hiromasa who first signed Masahiro, was summoned by Hojo Ujitsuna to Odawara and granted the character , his earliest dated works falling in the Tenbun era (1532-55). His name then runs in an unbroken line, the second generation placed in Tensho, the third in Keicho, on into the period. His hand is the late manner held to its final flourishing: over an mixed with that stands and runs, with well attached and entering, he tempers a into which , the (arrow-notch) tooth, and are mixed, the widening as it rises, then carries and across the until the whole becomes , the full-temper manner the published sources name his forte and trace back to Hiromitsu and Akihiro. The runs in to a or pointed return, often . Against this stands a documented exception, the rare of the dated . The carving is a marked tell, true and grass , on a lotus pedestal, and the incised invocations and Namu Myoho Kyo the published sources call distinctive of late . He is signed and almost throughout, the five-character -ju Tsunahiro cut low toward the , and stands as a representative maker of the period.

Diagnostic discriminators

42% of his works

33% of his works

50% of his works

42% of his works

Observation by phase

The shodai of Tenbun: dated, signed, the documented first generation

The earliest dated works, in the Tenbun era, fix the : the 1548 and the Tenbun 22 (1553) bearing both date and smith . runs to wide, with strong and to imposing and with . The is , in places running and standing, with attached and a little . The temper is the school core, a carrying and the tooth that widens toward the tip and slips into a tendency, attached with and , the rather deep. The runs in to a or pointed return with a long . The also left a documented exception, a with that the published sources call an unusual work for him, examples of which are met among his and . The is with the five-character -ju Tsunahiro cut low on the toward the .

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
The documented suguha exception of the shodai— the dated 1548 tachi, on which the temper leaves the hitatsura range for a chu-suguha-cho broken by ko-gunome with ashi, the nioiguchi tight with ko-nie; the published sources name this an unusual work for him and note that examples of the kind are occasionally met among his tanto and wakizashi

His forte: the yahazu gunome-midare carried into hitatsura

the hira-zukuri wakizashi above all, on which the gunome-midare with yahazu and choji widens to the tip and is overrun by tobiyaki and muneyaki into hitatsura; the published sources name this the smith's forte and a representative late-Soshu work of the Muromachi period

The manner the published sources call Tsunahiro's forte hardens a into which and the tooth, and are mixed, the widening as it rises; attaches well with , and , and are carried across the until the whole becomes , one showing the crescent-shaped the judges name a distinctive feature of his hand. The behind it is mixed with and that stands, with well attached and entering. The is turning in or , often , with a long tempered down. The published sources trace this full-temper manner to Hiromitsu and Akihiro and read it as the late- adornment he brought to a close; several of these pieces are appraised at Genki-Tensho or no earlier than the third generation, the range continued under the inherited name.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The later generations: the name carried forward, Genki-Tensho and after

less firmly establishedthe undated shinogi-zukuri katana judged by taihai, several appraised at no earlier than the third generation around Genki-Tensho, on which the same yahazu gunome-midare over standing itame-mokume marks the inherited Tsunahiro range

The published sources set out the accepted generation scheme, the first in Tenbun, the second in Tensho, the third in Keicho, the fourth in 'ei and the fifth around Manji, and judge several blades by overall bearing rather than date. A wide, with strongly developed is appraised at Genki-Tensho, and several are read as no earlier than the third generation, the judges expressly leaving a closer determination to future research. The hand is continuous across them, the with and over a standing - , so that the later work is recognised as Tsunahiro by the inherited range rather than by a changed manner. The carry through as a school tell, true and grass , and the incised invocations.

Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

The published sources transmit the shodai as a descendant of Hiromasa who first signed Masahiro and, summoned by Hojo Ujitsuna to Odawara, received the character tsuna and changed his name; his earliest dated works are of the Tenbun era and his descendants continued into the shinto period, transmitting the name generation after generation.

The judges set out the accepted generation scheme, the first in Tenbun, the second in Tensho, the third in Keicho, the fourth in Kan'ei and the fifth around Manji, and appraise several undated blades at no earlier than the third generation, expressly leaving a closer determination of generation to future research.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai—
Jūyō Bijutsuhin1
Gyobutsu1
Tokubetsu Jūyō—
Jūyō Tōken10

Elite Standing

0.03 across 12 designated works

Top 25% among smiths

Provenance

5 documented provenances across certified works by Tsunahiro

Provenance Standing

1 works held in elite collections across 5 documented provenances

Top 78% among smiths

Raw score: 1.86 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 12 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 12 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

TeacherMasahiro
Tsunahiro
Students (13)
  1. 1.Narishige成重
  2. 2.Tsunahiro綱廣1 for sale2designated
  3. 3.Tsunahiro綱廣3 for sale2designated
  4. 4.Tsunahiro綱廣
  5. 5.Tsunahiro綱廣1 for sale
  6. 6.Tsunahiro綱廣
  7. 7.Tsunahiro綱廣
  8. 8.Tsunahiro綱廣
  9. 9.Tsunahiro綱廣1 for sale
  10. 10.Tsunahiro綱廣
  11. 11.Tsunahiro綱廣
  12. 12.Tsunahiro綱廣
  13. 13.Tsunahiro綱廣

Sue-Soshu School

Other artisans of the Sue-Soshu school

  1. 1.Fusamune總宗5designated
  2. 2.Hiromasa廣正1 for sale4designated
  3. 3.Tsunaie綱家3designated
  4. 4.Kiyohira清平4designated
  5. 5.Hiromasa廣正3designated
  6. 6.Tsunahiro綱廣1 for sale2designated
  7. 7.Kunitsugu國次1designated
  8. 8.Hirotsugu廣次1 for sale2designated
  9. 9.Hiromasa廣正1designated
  10. 10.Tsunahiro綱廣3 for sale2designated
  11. 11.Yasuharu康春1designated
  12. 12.Hirotsugu廣次1designated