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OverviewKanteiDesignationsProvenanceBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Sa
  3. Sue-Sa
  4. Yoshisada

Sa Yoshisada

吉貞

Tokujū
Vol. 21, No. 28 · Tachi

Sa Yoshisada

吉貞

48 ranked works

ProvinceChikuzenEraTeiwa (1345–1350)PeriodNanbokuchōSchoolSaTraditionSoshu-denTeacherSaFujishiroJo-jo sakuToko Taikan800(top 14%)TypeSwordsmithCodeYOS726
2Jūyō Bijutsuhin
4Tokubetsu Jūyō42Jūyō Tōken

Overview

A by Yoshisada dated Shōhei 13 (1358), cut on the reverse "ninth month, day" and on the face with the orderer's name "Shu Nagamasa," is the documentary anchor of his career: from it the published sources accept that he was a direct disciple of Ō-, and fix his working years in the middle of the fourteenth century. Yoshisada is a smith of the , or , school of , one of the -ichirui who carried the school's manner forward in the period beside Yasuyoshi, Yukihiro, Yoshihiro, Kunihiro and Hiroyasu. He is traditionally held to be "a son of Ō-" (大左の子と伝え), or at least a member of his immediate circle, and he signs simply "Yoshisada" or "Yoshisada ," a piece additionally cut "Chikushū jū" not being encountered.

His hand is read first through what the published sources allow him as his one personal characteristic. They observe that the smiths of the group show comparatively few individual tells, and then single Yoshisada out: "even within the group his becomes a small-patterned design, and in this lies his stylistic individuality" (左一類の中でも刃文が小模様となる点に吉貞の作風上の個性が窺え). That small-scale is the through-line of his work. Among signed pieces two manners are drawn. One is a calm, shallowly undulating on a base; the other is a temper that resembles his schoolmate Yasuyoshi but is worked, in the judges' words, "a little smaller and more compactly than his" (安吉に似てそれよりも少しく小ずむ). In both the adheres well, with fine and running through, the activity carried in and rather than in tall clusters, and the rising with a thrusting tendency to a pointed return.

The is the -derived steel the whole line shares, and it is the constant beneath both his manners. Over a standing mixed with and a flowing , the grain a little open, he lays thick and well-entered , the steel at times taking a darkish cast; on several blades a whitish -style drifts in the . Against that the temper stays comparatively small in scale. Where his quieter pieces run a gentle , deep in and bright, his more active pieces gather the into the compact pattern the sources name, with occasional coarser and, near the , and -like lending a varied scenery.

The two faces of his record sit side by side. The signed work is chiefly and : the transmitted in the Mito Tokugawa house, and wide, with strong in both and and a bright, clear , which the published sources call "an especially outstanding piece by this smith" (同工の出色の出来); the dated Shōhei 13 bearing the orderer's name; and the Mononobe Yoshisada , which tempers the high into a brighter, livelier and shows how far the hand could open. The other face is the appraised as his, wide and powerful, several with an extended or large , a with some feeling over the standing , a carved through; the judges note that even these unsigned attributions tend to the small-patterned , so the body of his oeuvre is read through that small rather than through any single signed tell. One such carries a gold-inlay attribution to Yoshisada by Mitsunori.

What sets Yoshisada apart within the group is precisely that small-patterned temper. Where Yasuyoshi's stands fuller, Yoshisada's is drawn smaller and more compact; where the line as a whole is read as showing few individual features, his compact , bright and pointed, thrusting recur from blade to blade as his own. He belongs to the generation that held the school together after Ō-, neither the founder's brilliance nor a late epigone, but a sound and recognizable hand whose individuality the locates in scale rather than in flamboyance.

For the collector he is a documented but uncommon name. Fujishiro grades him Jō-jō . He has no National Treasures and no Important Cultural Properties; his record runs instead through four and forty-three blades, with two holding the prewar Jūyō Bijutsuhin, one of them the Mitsunori gold-inlay piece now in the Seikadō Bunko. His blades carry distinguished provenance: the Mito Tokugawa house, with pieces traced to Tokugawa Ieyasu and Yorifusa, the Mōri family, the Ikeda family, and the Shimazu and Satake houses, with examples on deposit at the Kyoto National Museum and held in the Seikadō Bunko. The signed work is genuinely scarce, and "surviving examples in form are exceedingly rare" (太刀の作例は稀有); most of what survives is held rather than traded, but a -tier attribution or, less often, a signed or comes to light from time to time, and a privately held Yoshisada is a rewarding thing for a collector to encounter, a clear document of how the school read in the hands that carried it after its master.

Kantei

one Sa-school hand read by its small-patterned midare: a calm suguha-toned notare register and a Yasuyoshi-like but more compact gunome register on the signed wakizashi and tanto, over a standing Soshu-style itame with thick ji-nie and chikei, set against the o-suriage mumei katana given to him as mainstream Sa work, with the dated Shohei 13 wakizashi as his documentary anchor

Yoshisada is a Nanbokucho smith of the Sa (Samonji) school of Chikuzen, transmitted as a son or direct disciple of Dai-Sa (O-Sa), the line's second master. A dated wakizashi of Shohei 13 (1358) fixes his working years and confirms his place as a direct pupil of O-Sa. His ground is the Soshu-influenced steel the Sa line shares: an itame mixed with mokume and a flowing nagare-hada, the grain standing somewhat, ji-nie thick and chikei well entered, on several blades a whitish shirake-style utsuri. The published sources observe that the smiths of the Sa group show comparatively few individual tells, and that Yoshisada's signed work falls into two manners: a calm suguha-toned notare, and a gunome-based temper resembling his schoolmate Yasuyoshi but worked a little smaller and more compactly. Out of this they name his one personal characteristic: even within the Sa group his hamon becomes a small-patterned design (ko-moyo), and this small-scale midare is read as the mark of his hand. He worked chiefly in wakizashi and tanto; tachi from his hand are exceedingly rare.

Diagnostic discriminators

unique vs Sa-group baseline (few individual tells)

Observation by phase

Signed work: the small-patterned midare (his one tell)

the signed register: chiefly wakizashi and tanto, the dated Shohei 13 piece bearing the orderer's name Shu Nagamasa, with two-character 'Yoshisada' or three-character 'Yoshisada saku' signatures

Among signed works the published sources draw two manners. One is a calm, shallow notare on a suguha base; the other resembles Yasuyoshi but is worked a little smaller and more compactly in gunome. What unites them, and is named as Yoshisada's individual character, is that even within the Sa group his hamon becomes a small-patterned design: gunome-midare mixed with ko-gunome and ko-notare, gathering into a small-scale pattern with ko-ashi and yo, nie adhering well with occasional coarse nie, fine kinsuji and sunagashi throughout, and at times nie-suji and yubashiri-like tobiyaki near the monouchi, the nioiguchi tending to subside. The boshi rises with a tsukiage tendency and a pointed return, sometimes hakikake or yakizume. The dated Shohei 13 wakizashi, cut with the orderer's name 'Shu Nagamasa', anchors the group; the Mononobe Yoshisada tachi, which tempers the koshimoto high into a brighter midare, shows how far the same hand could open.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The calm suguha-toned notare (the quiet mode)

His quieter manner is a shallow, gently undulating notare on a suguha base, with slight ashi, the nioi deep and nie adhering well, kinsuji and sunagashi seen, the tempering bright and clear. The Tokuju tanto transmitted in the Mito Tokugawa house is the model of this register: hira-zukuri and wide, the steel a closely forged itame with mokume, chikei and ji-nie, the boshi a ko-maru returning with a slightly pointed tendency. The published sources call it strongly nie-laden in both ji and ha, the nioiguchi bright and clear, and an especially outstanding piece by the smith. This is the calmer of his two signed manners and the one that reads closest to the Sa school's restrained side.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The o-suriage mumei katana (mainstream Sa attribution)

The bulk of his record is the o-suriage mumei katana appraised as Yoshisada. These are wide in body, several with an extended chu-kissaki or an o-kissaki, the steel a standing itame running to nagare with ji-nie, chikei and at times a whitish shirake-style utsuri. The temper is a ko-nie gunome-midare with some choji feeling and pointed elements, ashi and yo entering well, kinsuji and sunagashi running, a bo-hi carved through on both sides. The published sources affirm these as Nanbokucho Sa-school work, noting that even the mumei attributions tend to the same small-patterned hamon, so the body of his oeuvre is read through the small-scale midare rather than through any single signed tell. One such katana bears a gold-inlay attribution to Yoshisada by Hon'ami Mitsunori.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

The published sources record that Yoshisada was traditionally a son of Dai-Sa (O-Sa) or among his disciples, that his approximate working years are known from the surviving Shohei 13 (1358) wakizashi, and that he signed simply 'Yoshisada' or 'Yoshisada saku', a piece additionally cut 'Chikushu ju' not being encountered. Among the Sa group, whose smiths show comparatively few individual tells, his one distinguishing character is that the hamon becomes a small-patterned design, a tendency seen even in the mumei attributions.

On the Mononobe Yoshisada tachi the published sources note that surviving tachi by him are exceedingly rare and that the prefixing of 'Mononobe' to the Yoshisada signature is highly noteworthy, making the blade, recorded in the Kozan Oshigata, exceptionally valuable as reference material; it was transmitted in the Bizen Ikeda family.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai—
Jūyō Bijutsuhin2
Gyobutsu—
Tokubetsu Jūyō4
Jūyō Tōken42

Elite Standing

0.28 across 48 designated works

Top 9% among smiths

Provenance

11 documented provenances across certified works by Yoshisada

Provenance Standing

8 works held in elite collections across 11 documented provenances

Top 9% among smiths

Raw score: 2.62 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 48 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 48 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

TeacherSa
Yoshisada
Student
  1. 1.Nobumitsu信光

Sa School

Other artisans of the Sa school

  1. 1.Sa左75designated
  2. 2.Yasuyoshi安吉1 for sale45designated
  3. 3.Kunihiro國弘51designated
  4. 4.Hiroyasu弘安24designated
  5. 5.Hiroyuki弘行33designated
  6. 6.Yukihiro行弘11designated
  7. 7.Sadayoshi貞吉23designated
  8. 8.Yoshihiro吉弘4designated
  9. 9.Sadayuki定行1 for sale3designated
  10. 10.Yukisue行末1designated
  11. 11.Sadaaki貞秋1designated
  12. 12.Sadakuni貞國1designated