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Overview·Kantei·Designations·Blade Forms·Signatures·Lineage·School
OverviewKanteiDesignationsBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Sa
  3. Sue-Sa
  4. Sadayoshi

Sa Sadayoshi

貞吉

Jūyō
Vol. 48, No. 132 · Katana

Sa Sadayoshi

貞吉

23 ranked works

ProvinceChikuzenEraTeiwa (1345–1350)PeriodNanbokuchōSchoolSaTraditionSoshu-denTeacherSaFujishiroJo-jo sakuToko Taikan550(top 23%)TypeSwordsmithCodeSAD833
1Jūyō Bunkazai
22Jūyō Tōken

Overview

Sadayoshi is a smith of the school, the line of , working in the middle of the period. The published sources place him among the Sue-, the second wave of pupils who carried the school forward after Ō-: "Sadayoshi is said to have been the son of Yasuyoshi and is traditionally placed among the smiths active around the Bunna era" (貞吉は安吉の子で、文和頃の刀工と伝えており). Yasuyoshi was himself a son of , so Sadayoshi sits two generations down from the founder, in the company the commentary names together time and again, Yasuyoshi, Yukihiro, Yoshisada, Kunihiro, Hiroyuki, Hiroyasu and Sadayoshi. The school had emerged in the early and broken decisively from the older, classical Kyūshū manner, establishing a new style in which both and are bright and clear and in which and stand out; Sadayoshi is one of the heirs who forged in that idiom.

The central fact of his record is its near-total reliance on attribution. The published sources state plainly that "extant signed works are extremely few" (現存する在銘作は極めて少ない), and almost everything that survives under his name is the , judged to him. What allows the judges to single him out of the school is one feature, and the commentary names it without hesitation: a calm, -based temper. They observe that "among unsigned blades appraised to the group, one frequently encounters pieces whose tempering is founded on " (無銘極めの刀には、左一類と見えて直刃を基調とした刃取りのものがよく見受けられる), and it is this restrained manner, long held the key point in appraising his work, that resolves a -group blade specifically to Sadayoshi. On one the appraisal is put as simply as it can be, that "because the overall impression is comparatively gentle and quiet, it is reasonable to determine the attribution to Sadayoshi" (比較的におだやかにおとなしい点からであろう貞吉と極めているが妥当である).

The is the -derived steel he shares with the whole line. He forges a standing , mixed with and a flowing , the grain conspicuous and at times opening; over it the lies thick and the enter frequently, the steel inclining at times toward a dark tone, and on several blades a faint, whitish rises along the . Above the the temper is a wide or with a shallow , into which a little and are mixed; and enter, and run, the gathers thickly, and the at times tends to subside. The is the school's constant and his most reliable structural tell, rising with a thrusting tendency to a sharply pointed tip and swept with , the feature the judges repeatedly call typical of the lineage. A is generally carved through.

Within that one -led manner the attributions divide into a quieter and a more animated register. At its calmest the line is a wide barely undulating, the activity carried in and and in fine rather than in any tall pattern. In a number of blades the foundation opens out: the widens, the line takes a with and angular elements, the thickens and grows uneven with coarser grains, frays the edge, uchi-noke and a -like doubling appear, and or small collect near the . Even at its most active the body of the temper stays , and the pointed, swept holds, so the reading remains -group work given to Sadayoshi. The published sources judge several of these especially well made among works attributed to the smith, the broad and abundant lending a powerful, splendid impression in concert with the bold shape. The blades are wide-bodied with little taper and an extended or , several refashioned from , and a handful carry a later cutting inscription in gold inlay or, in one case, only a red-lacquer character on the tang, which the judges read not as the founder's name in the narrow sense but as a mark of the group as a whole.

What distinguishes Sadayoshi within his own school is exactly the thing that makes him hard to find. The commentary reads the group as a line of comparatively few individual features, the smiths so close in hand that their unsigned work is hard to separate; against that, his calm and his pointed, swept are what carry a blade to his name rather than to a brother's. His bright, -laden and the -toned edge set him apart from the more flamboyant and of the wider circle, and his is read as the quiet, classical face of the late school, the manner in which the inheritance is held in restraint.

Fujishiro grades Sadayoshi Jō-jō , and his standing in the Tōkō Taikan is recorded at the middle rank. He has no National Treasures, and his record runs entirely through the modern designation tiers: a substantial body of his attributed , more than twenty, has reached the rank across more than a dozen sessions of , several of them judged especially fine among works given to the smith. Provenance is thin in the published record; of recorded whereabouts one blade is held by the Kurokawa Institute of Ancient Cultures, the rest passing through private hands. Because a reliably signed Sadayoshi is among the rarest things in the late record, the collector encounters him almost always through these unsigned, shortened , and even those come to market only from time to time and with patience. A blade securely papered as Sadayoshi is not beyond reach in the way a National Treasure is, but it is a quiet, considered acquisition, valued less for a famous name than for the calm hand by which the judges still know him.

Kantei

one Sa-group hand read almost entirely through its mumei attributions: the o-suriage mumei katana given to Sadayoshi from a calm, suguha-based temper, his one recognized tell within a line said to show few individual features, set over a standing Soshu-style itame with thick ji-nie and frequent chikei, the boshi the sharply pointed, swept Sa tip; a quieter wide-suguha register and a more active gunome-mixed register sit within the same suguha-led manner

Sadayoshi is a Nanbokucho smith of the Chikuzen Sa (Samonji) school, transmitted as a son of Yasuyoshi, himself a son of O-Sa (Samonji), and placed by the sword registers around the Bunna era of the mid-fourteenth century. He belongs to the Sue-Sa, the second wave of Sa pupils who carried forward the bright, clear Soshu-derived manner the school had used to break decisively from the older classical Kyushu work. Signed pieces by his hand are exceedingly rare, so almost his entire surviving record is the o-suriage mumei katana appraised to him: wide-bodied Nanbokucho blades with little taper, an extended chu-kissaki or o-kissaki, over a standing itame mixed with mokume and nagare-hada, thick ji-nie and frequent chikei, the steel sometimes tending dark with a faint whitish utsuri. His one recognized tell is the temper. Within a school the published sources say shows comparatively few individual features, Sadayoshi is the smith to whom a calm, suguha-based hamon is given: a wide suguha with shallow notare and a little gunome, ashi and yo entering, kinsuji and sunagashi running, nie thick and at times subdued in the nioiguchi, the boshi a sharply pointed tip swept with hakikake and a tsukiage tendency. The published commentary repeatedly resolves a Sa-group mumei katana to Sadayoshi precisely from this comparatively quiet, suguha-toned manner.

Diagnostic discriminators

unique vs Sa-group baseline (few individual tells)

Observation by phase

The suguha-based attribution (his one tell)

the mumei register: o-suriage and naginata-naoshi katana of the Nanbokucho, wide-bodied with an extended kissaki, given to Sadayoshi from the calm suguha-toned manner rather than from any signed tell, several bearing a later kinzogan cutting inscription or a red-lacquer 'Sa' attribution

Because reliably signed Sadayoshi blades are so few, the published sources resolve a Sa-group mumei katana to him chiefly from one feature: a comparatively calm, suguha-based temper. The judges state outright that among Sa-group mumei attributions one frequently encounters pieces whose tempering is founded on suguha, and that this restrained manner is the long-standing key point for an attribution to Sadayoshi. Over a standing itame mixed with mokume, thick ji-nie and frequent chikei, he tempers a wide suguha or chu-suguha with shallow notare, into which enter a little gunome and ko-gunome, ashi and yo, with kinsuji and sunagashi running and nie adhering thickly; the nioiguchi at times tends to subside. The boshi is the school constant: it rises with a thrusting tendency to a sharply pointed tip, swept with hakikake, the feature the sources call typical of the Sa lineage. A bo-hi is generally carved through. The repeated judgment is that, breaking from the older Kyushu manner, the Sa school established a bright, clear ji and ha with conspicuous chikei and kinsuji, and that within it Sadayoshi is the calm, suguha-toned hand.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The more active gunome-and-notare manner (within the suguha line)

A number of the attributions open the suguha out into a more animated temper while keeping the same foundation. The yakihaba widens, the line takes a ko-notare with gunome, ko-gunome and angular elements, ashi enter vigorously and the nie thickens, in places mixed with coarser nie that gives an uneven habuchi; hotsure frays the edge, uchi-noke and a nijuba-like doubling appear, and yubashiri or small tobiyaki collect near the monouchi, with kinsuji and sunagashi conspicuous and the nioiguchi at times subsiding. Even at its most active the manner stays read as Sa-group work resolved to Sadayoshi, because the body of the temper remains suguha-led and the boshi keeps the pointed, swept Sa finish. The published sources judge several of these especially well made among works attributed to the smith, the broad yakihaba and abundant nie conveying a powerful, splendid impression in concert with the bold Nanbokucho shape.

Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

The published sources record that Sadayoshi was traditionally a son of Yasuyoshi, himself a son of O-Sa (Samonji), and that the sword registers place him around the Bunna era, while one early entry instead gives the Shochu era and another names Samonji directly as his father, so the exact descent within the line is not settled. They state that extant signed works are extremely few, and that among Sa-group mumei attributions one frequently meets pieces founded on suguha, the calm suguha-based manner being his long-recognized appraisal point.

On a katana bearing a red-lacquer 'Sa' attribution on the tang, the published sources caution that the single character should not be read narrowly as the founder Samonji but is most appropriately understood as indicating the Sa group as a whole, and that within that grouping, in view of the calm suguha-based tempering, the work is most plausibly given to Sadayoshi.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai1
Jūyō Bijutsuhin—
Gyobutsu—
Tokubetsu Jūyō—
Jūyō Tōken22

Elite Standing

0.10 across 23 designated works

Top 18% among smiths

Blade Forms

Distribution across 23 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 23 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

TeacherSa
Sadayoshi

Sa School

Other artisans of the Sa school

  1. 1.Sa左75designated
  2. 2.Yasuyoshi安吉1 for sale45designated
  3. 3.Yoshisada吉貞48designated
  4. 4.Kunihiro國弘51designated
  5. 5.Hiroyasu弘安24designated
  6. 6.Hiroyuki弘行33designated
  7. 7.Yukihiro行弘11designated
  8. 8.Sadayuki定行1 for sale3designated
  9. 9.Yoshihiro吉弘4designated
  10. 10.Yukisue行末1designated
  11. 11.Sadaaki貞秋1designated
  12. 12.Sadakuni貞國1designated