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OverviewKanteiDesignationsProvenanceBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Sa
  3. Sue-Sa
  4. Hiroyuki

Sa Hiroyuki

弘行

Tokujū
Vol. 17, No. 55 · Katana

Sa Hiroyuki

弘行

33 ranked works

ProvinceChikuzenEraShohei (1346–1370)PeriodNanbokuchōSchoolSaTraditionSoshu-denTeacherSaFujishiroJo sakuToko Taikan600(top 21%)TypeSwordsmithCodeHIR165
2Jūyō Bijutsuhin
2Tokubetsu Jūyō29Jūyō Tōken

Overview

Hiroyuki is a smith of the school, the lineage, working in the mid- period around the Shohei era, and transmitted as a son of Yukihiro. He belongs to the group of followers the published sources call Sue-, the smiths carried on from O- after the school's founder. The school emerged in the early and broke decisively with the older Kyushu manner, in which the and are subdued and rustic in a restrained ; drawing on the tradition it established a style in which both and are bright and clear, with and intermingled. Hiroyuki worked within that style, and his place is fixed by the few dated and signed records the swordbooks preserve: a work said to bear a Shohei 20 date of 1365, against his father Yukihiro's piece of the Koan years. Signed work by his hand is extremely rare, so almost his whole surviving record is the , attributed to him from long later shortened.

His recognized hand is read most clearly in the temper. Over a wide, shallow-curved blade he forges a line based on that carries a shallow , into which , angular , , pointed and enter, often in a continuous, linked succession kept comparatively small in scale. The lies thick and uneven, with coarse gathering in clusters, uchi-noke and touching the edge, and and running vigorously through it, the often taking a subdued, cast. What the published sources name as his tell is precisely this manner: among the group, whose hands are so closely matched that the individual smith is hard to single out, it is the blade whose stands out and runs continuously, and whose temper is comparatively restrained, the rises and falls not standing out strongly, that is read as Hiroyuki. Several of his entries close on the judgment, that the work is the one 「弘行に最も擬せられるものであり」, most readily likened to Hiroyuki.

The is the constant beneath both faces of his work. He forges a standing mixed with and flowing grain, with patches of large in places, thickly covered in , entering well, the steel taking a somewhat blackish, whitish-misty cast. This is the -derived , an open, -laden steel rather than the bright, tightly packed with its clear ; where a reflection appears at all it is only a faint or a whitish tendency. Beside the -prominent line the published sources read a quieter register of the hand, a with only a shallow , and angular elements entering sparingly, the pattern small, fine along the , and the subdued. The in his bolder work runs , thrusts up and ends pointed with vigorous ; in the calmer register it runs straight to a .

The two registers answer to how the blade was authenticated. The bold, -prominent carry the school's spirited character, one described as a 「放胆で覇気に溢れた出来口」, a bold and spirited workmanship. The quieter pieces, several bearing gold-powder attributions added by the house, show the wide with and the subdued the appraisers long read as Hiroyuki. The published sources are candid about the limits of this judgment. They class him among the Sue-, of whom they say that 「作風を区別することは困難である」, that distinguishing the styles of the individual smiths is difficult, and they note that the gold-powder attributions seen on his blades are a Meiji-and-later practice begun by the family. Of one such piece they grant openly that there is a question 「左弘行とまで断定し得るか否か」, whether it can be fixed conclusively as Hiroyuki, while affirming that 「南北朝期の左の一派の作であることには異論がない」, that there is no dissent it is the work of the school.

What sets Hiroyuki apart is therefore a matter of degree within a closely matched school rather than a private signature. His own evidenced tells, the continuous in a small-patterned, -leaning temper, the standing with its blackish -laden steel, and the thrusting, pointed , place him beside Yasuyoshi, Yukihiro, Yoshisada, Kunihiro, Hiroyasu and Sadayoshi, the Sue- hands carried on from O-. The published sources hold his skill within that company and affirm his attributions from era and school, naming his comparatively calm, -leaning manner as the side of the tradition that bears his name. He stands one generation below the founder, working the grand form in the school's bright, -rich idiom rather than reaching for the flamboyance of its first masters.

For the collector Hiroyuki is a documented name carried at the higher modern designation tiers. Fujishiro grades him Jo . His record runs through two , one of them carrying a Ringa gold-powder , two prewar Bijutsuhin, and some twenty-nine blades at the rank, thirty-one in the and tiers together. His blades are rooted in provenance, the Ii family of Hikone, whose -ni-tachibana mounting accompanies one , and the Nabeshima family, with further pieces passing through the Tsuchiya house of Tsuchiura and the Tokugawa, and one preserved in a municipal museum collection. Because almost his entire record is and held in long-standing collections, a Hiroyuki seldom comes to market; when one does appear it is from the and tiers, and the patient collector may encounter such a blade from time to time, a sound and forceful document of how the school carried its bright manner into the second generation.

Kantei

one Sue-Sa hand over a standing itame with chikei and a somewhat blackish, whitish-cast ji-nie, read in two registers: the manner most likened to Hiroyuki, a suguha-based small-patterned line into which a continuous gunome and angular gunome enter, deep in nie with frequent kinsuji-sunagashi, uchi-noke and yubashiri, and a thrusting, pointed boshi; and a calmer chu-suguha whose nioiguchi takes a subdued, shizumi cast

Hiroyuki is a smith of the Chikuzen Sa school (Samonji) of the mid-Nanbokucho period, transmitted as a son of Yukihiro and counted among the smiths the published sources broadly call Sue-Sa, the followers carried on from O-Sa. His period is fixed around the Shohei era, and signed work is extremely rare, so almost his whole record is o-suriage mumei katana from long Nanbokucho tachi, several authenticated by Hon'ami origami and gold-powder mei. The construction is the grand Nanbokucho taihai, wide in body with little taper, shallow in sori with a large or extended kissaki. His ground is a standing itame mixed with mokume and flowing grain, at times patches of large itame, thick in ji-nie with chikei entering well, the steel taking a somewhat blackish, whitish-misty cast, the Soshu-derived Sa jigane rather than a bright Bizen utsuri, with only a faint nie-utsuri appearing at times. Over it he tempers a suguha-toned line carrying a shallow notare into which gunome, angular gunome, ko-notare, pointed-ha and ko-gunome enter in a comparatively small-scale pattern, ashi and yo well in, the nie thick and uneven with coarse nie in places, sunagashi and kinsuji running freely, uchi-noke and yubashiri-like tobiyaki touching the edge, and the nioiguchi often taking a subdued, shizumi tendency. The boshi runs midare-komi, thrusts up and ends pointed with vigorous hakikake. The published sources name his tell within a school whose hands are so closely matched that individual judgment is very difficult: the work whose conspicuous, continuous gunome and comparatively restrained, suguha-leaning temper, in which the rises and falls do not stand out strongly, is the manner most readily likened to Hiroyuki, so his attributions rest on that small-patterned, vigorously nie-laden Sa line.

Diagnostic discriminators

unique vs Bizen baseline (choji-led)

unique vs Bizen ko-itame with utsuri

Observation by phase

The gunome-prominent, suguha-based midare (the manner most likened to Hiroyuki)

His recognized work is the o-suriage mumei katana whose temper, within the Sa group, is read as most readily likened to Hiroyuki. The shape is the grand Nanbokucho taihai, wide in body with little taper, shallow in sori, with a large or extended kissaki, the build standard to thick in kasane. The ground is a standing itame mixed with mokume and flowing grain, in places patches of large itame, thick in ji-nie with chikei entering well, the steel taking a somewhat blackish, whitish cast. Over it the temper is based on suguha carrying a shallow notare, into which gunome, angular gunome, ko-notare, pointed-ha and ko-gunome enter, often in a continuous, linked tendency and kept comparatively small in scale, ashi and yo well in, the nie thick and uneven with coarse nie in places forming clusters, uchi-noke and yubashiri mixed along the edge, kinsuji, nie-suji and sunagashi running vigorously, and at times the mune tempered. The boshi runs midare-komi, thrusts up and ends pointed with vigorous hakikake, the return at times somewhat deep or long. The published sources name the conspicuous, continuous gunome and the comparatively restrained irregularity, in which the rises and falls of the yaki do not stand out strongly and the line leans toward suguha, as the points that most invite the attribution to Hiroyuki within so closely matched a school.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The calmer chu-suguha, subdued-nioiguchi manner

Beside the gunome-prominent line the published sources read a calmer face of the same hand: a chu-suguha carrying only a shallow, slight notare, into which ko-gunome, gunome and angular elements enter sparingly, the pattern small in scale, ashi and yo entering, ko-nie adhering, with fine hotsure along the habuchi and the nioiguchi taking a subdued, shizumi cast. The ground stays the Sa standing itame with thick ji-nie and chikei, somewhat blackish, with a faint nie-utsuri or a whitish tendency appearing at times. The boshi runs straight to a ko-maru, or shows a slight pointed tendency with hakikake. This is the gentler register the published sources call comparatively calm among Sa works, and on the gold-powder-attributed pieces, where the temper is a wide suguha-tone with hotsure and the nioiguchi shizumi, it is this quiet, subdued line the Hon'ami appraisers read as Hiroyuki.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

The published sources transmit Hiroyuki as a son of Yukihiro and place him around the Shohei era of the mid-Nanbokucho, noting that signed work is extremely rare and that almost all his record is o-suriage mumei from long tachi later shortened. They class him among the Sue-Sa, whose individual hands are so little differentiated that, strictly speaking, the personal character of each smith is very difficult to grasp, and record that the gold-powder attributions seen on his blades are a Meiji-and-later practice begun by the Hon'ami house, so that whether such a blade can be fixed conclusively as Hiroyuki remains an open question even where there is no dissent that it is Nanbokucho Sa work.

On the o-suriage mumei katana the published sources affirm the Sa school from every point, granting that within so closely matched a group there is little to single out the individual smith, but holding the attribution to Hiroyuki most persuasive where the gunome runs conspicuously and continuously, the irregularity is comparatively restrained, and the line leans partly toward suguha; one comparatively calm katana with consecutive ko-choji and gunome they read as the basis for the Hiroyuki tradition.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai—
Jūyō Bijutsuhin2
Gyobutsu—
Tokubetsu Jūyō2
Jūyō Tōken29

Elite Standing

0.22 across 33 designated works

Top 11% among smiths

Provenance

6 documented provenances across certified works by Hiroyuki

Provenance Standing

4 works held in elite collections across 6 documented provenances

Top 17% among smiths

Raw score: 2.16 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 33 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 33 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

TeacherSa
Hiroyuki

Sa School

Other artisans of the Sa school

  1. 1.Sa左75designated
  2. 2.Yasuyoshi安吉1 for sale45designated
  3. 3.Kunihiro國弘51designated
  4. 4.Yoshisada吉貞48designated
  5. 5.Hiroyasu弘安24designated
  6. 6.Yukihiro行弘11designated
  7. 7.Sadayoshi貞吉23designated
  8. 8.Yoshihiro吉弘4designated
  9. 9.Sadayuki定行1 for sale3designated
  10. 10.Yukisue行末1designated
  11. 11.Sadaaki貞秋1designated
  12. 12.Sadakuni貞國1designated