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Overview·Kantei·Designations·Provenance·Blade Forms·Signatures·Lineage·School
OverviewKanteiDesignationsProvenanceBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Hosho
  3. Sadayoshi

Hosho Sadayoshi

貞吉

Tokujū
Vol. 18, No. 14 · Tantō

Hosho Sadayoshi

貞吉

10 ranked works

ProvinceYamatoEraBunpo (1317–1319)PeriodKamakuraSchoolHoshoTraditionYamato-denTeacherSadamuneFujishiroSai-jo saku(Supreme Work)Toko Taikan1,000(top 8%)TypeSwordsmithCodeSAD854
1Kokuhō
1Jūyō Bunkazai
3Jūyō Bijutsuhin
1Tokubetsu Jūyō4Jūyō Tōken

Overview

Sadayoshi worked in Takaichi District of Yamato Province, where the Hosho school flourished from the close of the period into the . The published sources, known from extant works to have placed the school at Takaichi, rank him with Sadamune as the two most celebrated hands of the line (貞宗・貞吉が最も聞こえ), recording that both styled themselves Hosho Goro (保昌五郎と称した). The smiths of the school all share the character as a common element of their names, Sadatsugu, Sadamune, Sadayoshi, Sadakiyo, Sadaoki and Sadamitsu among them, and among them Sadayoshi is the hand who most often inscribes his place of residence and a working date, so that his locale and period are clearly fixed. Of his signed swords on official record one is a of Karyaku 3 (1328), inscribed as a resident of Takaichi with the title Saemon-no-jo, and the long signatures recur with the era names Bunpo, Genko and Karyaku, anchoring his activity to the very end of . Fujishiro grades him Sai-jo , the highest of the rankings.

The forging is decisive and it is where his hand is read. Across the Hosho work the becomes an all-over , the straight grain running cleanly from to point, and on Sadayoshi it runs to a flowing tendency, the steel well refined and dense, with thick and fine and entering frequently. A stands along the grain. The published sources name the Hosho recognition exactly: the entangles with the very grain and frays repeatedly (直刃が肌目にからんで頻りにほつれ), and from around the upward the tempered width broadens while the turns suddenly stronger. Over the flowing he tempers a , often a carrying a shallow and small , and the edge breaks into recurrent , with , and along the . and run through it, the bright and clear, deep in and laden with . The pure full over a fraying , with and concentrated along the upper edge, is the Hosho tell, and it is most plainly shown here. The other Yamato schools forge a -leaning rather than this total straight grain.

The answers the temper. It runs essentially straight and ends , with vigorous toward the point, at times taking on a flame-like form, at times turning back in a small with coarse and in the return. The form is most often large, a point the published sources note as his habit, so that his rare small-built are recorded as exceptions to it. He works in and , and his blades include the Yamato forms less common elsewhere, a and a , the latter carrying carved on both faces. The tang is the school's signed point: filed in , the cross-hatched cypress-fence pattern, and cut off blunt at the tip, a named feature of recognition. On one Honma remarked that the dark tone of the steel is itself a point of the school, the published sources recording that among Yamato work this darkish iron color is a thing to be appreciated (大和物の中でも、鉄色が黒目であるのは、一派の見処である).

His work resolves into one coherent Hosho manner read in two registers, keyed to the form and to the state of the signature. The signed register is the , and that carry his long signatures recording location and date, several inscribed 'Yamato Takaichi-gun' or 'Washu Takaichi' with the titles Saemon-no-jo or Kingo, and the -filed, bluntly-cut tang intact beneath them. The unsigned register is the later given gold-inlaid attribution. Two such blades are on record, and on both the published sources affirm that the and display a typical and particularly outstanding Hosho excellence that fully supports the inlaid reading (保昌派の典型且つ出色の出来栄). One was inlaid by the house and records that the blade, owned by Mori Motoyasu, was shortened by the family. The other carries the gold attribution of Koichi, who counts as the ninth head of the main line from Kotoku (光徳から数えて九代目).

Within Hosho the workmanship is uniform enough that the smiths are told apart chiefly by their signatures, and it is precisely here that Sadayoshi is the most knowable of the line, the one who records his residence and his date where the others leave only a two-character name. His place against the wider Yamato schools is drawn the way, by his own grounded traits rather than by contrast. The Hosho is, the published sources state and restate, the most distinctly individual of the five Yamato schools (大和五派の中で最も作風に個性が顕著に窺われるのは保昌派である): where , , Shikkake and Senjuin work a -leaning , Hosho commits to the pure, total , and Sadayoshi's flowing total grain, his fraying with its and , and his tang carry the school's character at its plainest. The school carried this total- manner forward into the period.

Sadayoshi's designated record stands at one National Treasure and two Important Cultural Properties, with a and blades beneath them, five works in the and tiers and three more designated Bijutsuhin before the war. He is Sai-jo in Fujishiro's grading. The provenance recorded against his blades runs through the houses: a long-signed comes down through the Hosokawa family, the dated Karyaku 3 was held in Tokyo by Yamauchi Toyokage, the by Date Kiyoo of Hokkaido, and the -carved , of which the published sources note that signed Yamato are comparatively few (大和物の有銘の剣は比較的少ない), by Tokugawa Yoshihiro. The preserve, in their gold inlay, the names of Mori Motoyasu and the and appraisers. A Sadayoshi is among the scarcer things a collector may encounter. The National Treasure and Important Cultural Properties are patrimony, held and never traded; of the rest, the , and Bijutsuhin pieces are few in number and largely held rather than offered, so that a signed Hosho Sadayoshi reaching open hands is a rare event, a landmark when it comes, and not to be expected often.

Kantei

One coherent Hosho manner, read in two registers keyed to form: the signed tanto and tachi that carry his location-and-date long signatures, and the o-suriage katana later given gold-inlaid attribution. The total-masame ji is the constant across both.

Sadayoshi of the Hosho school, which worked in Takaichi-gun of Yamato from the close of the period into , is ranked by the with Sadamune as the leading smith of the line, both said to have styled themselves Hosho Goro. The school forges the purest of all Yamato, and the published sources call it the most distinctly individual of the five Yamato schools. Sadayoshi's is total , the grain flowing, with thick , and a rising along it; the is a that frays along the grain into dense , with , , , and , deep in and laden with ; the sweeps strongly into and , at times a turnback. He is the Hosho smith who most often signs his location and a date, the filed in and cut off blunt.

Diagnostic discriminators

unique vs Tegai Kanenaga / Shikkake Norinaga (masame-gokoro)

67% of his works · 4.2× vs Tegai Kanenaga / Shikkake Norinaga

56% of his works · 2.5× vs Tegai Kanenaga

「大和高市郡」「和州高市住」と居住地を記し、「左衛門尉」「金吾」を冠し、文保・元亨・嘉暦の年紀を伴う長銘ijuchi to nenki o shirusu chomei

the discriminator within Hosho itself: of the line that all share the character Sada, Sadayoshi is the one who most often records his residence and a date, so his working place and period are exactly known

Observation by phase

The Sadayoshi manner (Hosho prime)

The leads and is decisive: a total , the grain flowing, thick and dust-fine, entering, a rising along the grain, the steel bright and at times darkish. Over it the is a , often a with a faint and mixed; the edge frays along the very grain into recurrent , and , and appear, with and , deep in , the thick and the bright. The published sources name the tell precisely: the entangles with the grain and frays repeatedly, the temper widening above the , the suddenly stronger there. The sweeps strongly into and ends , sometimes a fire-flame form or a pointed return. The is filed in and cut off blunt, a named point of recognition. Where the other Yamato schools forge a -leaning , Kanenaga and Shikkake Norinaga both showing on roughly four blades in ten, Sadayoshi forges total on nearly nine in ten and on none, and runs and several times their rate.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
O-suriage: katana and wakizashi given gold-inlaid attribution
Signed: ubu tanto and tachi, the long signature recording location and date— the long signature itself: Sadayoshi is the Hosho smith who most often signs his location (Takaichi-gun) and a Bunpo, Genko or Karyaku date; long signatures on 4 of 9
長銘
Scholarship

Of the five Yamato schools the Hosho is the most distinctly individual, its character the most plainly shown; the published sources state this repeatedly.

The recognition is named precisely: the suguha entangles with the very grain and frays repeatedly, the temper widening above the fukura where the nie turns suddenly stronger.

Among the Hosho smiths, who all share the character Sada, Sadayoshi is the one who most often records his residence and a working date, so his place and period of activity are clearly known.

Sadayoshi usually works in a large figure, so the small-format tanto are recorded as exceptional.

On a tachi Honma noted the darkish steel color as a point of the school; signed swords among Yamato work are comparatively few, and a signed ken rarer still.

Designations

Kokuhō1
Jūyō Bunkazai1
Jūyō Bijutsuhin3
Gyobutsu—
Tokubetsu Jūyō1
Jūyō Tōken4

Elite Standing

0.45 across 10 designated works

Top 6% among smiths

Provenance

7 documented provenances across certified works by Sadayoshi

Provenance Standing

5 works held in elite collections across 7 documented provenances

Top 12% among smiths

Raw score: 2.38 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 10 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 10 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

TeacherSadamune
Sadayoshi
Students (2)
  1. 1.Sadamitsu貞光3designated
  2. 2.Sadayuki貞行

Hosho School

Other artisans of the Hosho school

  1. 1.Sadakiyo貞清9designated
  2. 2.Sadaoki貞興1 for sale7designated
  3. 3.Sadamitsu貞光3designated
  4. 4.Sadamune貞宗1designated
  5. 5.Sadatsugu貞繼2designated