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Ishido Yasusada

安定

Jūyō
Vol. 50, No. 166 · Wakizashi

Ishido Yasusada

安定

11 ranked works

ProvinceMusashiEraGenna–Jōkyō (1618–1685)PeriodEdoSchoolIshido>Edo IshidoTraditionShintoGeneration1stFujishiroJo sakuTypeSwordsmithCodeYAS378
11Jūyō Tōken

Overview

On the reverse of a now in Kochi is cut a gold-inlaid inscription recording a two-body cutting test performed at in Bushu in Manji 2 by Yamano Kaemon-no-jo Nagahisa, and the hand signed the Yamato-no-kami Yasusada in a bold five-character . That pairing of a robust signed blade with a Yamano test-cut runs through almost the whole of Yasusada's surviving work and is the readiest mark of him. He was born in Genna 4 (1618) under the surname Tomita, read Tonda, and the published sources, following the Bengi, now place his origin not in , as was long believed, but in the Kishu Ishido group, from which he came up to by Keian 1 to become one of the representative makers of the - era. The older account that made him a pupil of the first-generation Yasutsugu the published sources reject on chronological reasoning, since a blade inscribed made at age fifty-three and dated 10 fixes his birth in Genna 4, three years before that master's death; the strongest reading instead makes him a pupil of Izumi-no-kami Kaneshige, on the evidence of shared workmanship, tang construction, and the common presence of the Yamano cutting inscriptions.

His is the heavy of the mid-seventeenth century, with , the shallow, the shinogi high and the broad relative to the blade width, with a sense of at the base and a compact , the often thick and the build frankly robust. Over this he forges a tightly packed , mixed in and at times conspicuous on the , the steel taking on a somewhat blackish tone where the grain stands a little; into it dust-fine settles thickly and fine enter well, so that the reads as close and bright in his best work. The temper that most distinguishes him is a carrying whose heads and valleys turn angular, mixed with and somewhat pointed elements, the deep and adhering well, with coarse intermixed here and there until the line grows uneven, fine and running through, and the inclining to a subdued, tone. The published sources name that angularity of the , together with the and the steep drop of the , as the points by which his hand is told.

The answers the temper below it, running or shallowly and turning back in , sometimes with a slightly deep return, the tip frequently brushed into ; on one Manji the is straight while the carries a faint nuance, the kind of small asymmetry that recurs across his work. Activity outside the is part of the picture as well: small -like drift through the on some blades, and the , and finished with and steep file marks, is itself a Yamano-consistent feature that the published sources count among the evidence for the Kaneshige attribution. is uncommon, though one early carries on both faces, short on the and long on the .

The published record divides his work into two manners, in a sentence that recurs almost verbatim across his designations: 「安定の作風は、大別すると二様があり、一つはのたれに互の目を交え、のたれが角ばる傾向のものと、他は互の目を主調とした乱れ刃であり、同作中では、前者の作例が多い」. The first and more numerous is the angular mixed with described above; the second is a led by , rising at times into a large, high-tempered pattern of with abundant , and , a more florid result that the sources count the rarer of the two. The angular read within the second manner ties it back to the first and lets his individuality be seen even where the pattern is least typical. His dated works run from Keian through Enpo, but the published sources regard the Manji era as his time of full maturity, noting that 「万治頃が大成期とみられ、最も覇気のある作品が多い」.

In standing he is read against the smiths nearest his own hand rather than against his nominal teacher: the published sources find his manner closest to Izumi-no-kami Kaneshige, with whom he shares the clarity of and , the tang construction and the Yamano inscriptions, and at times close to Izumi-no-kami Kanesada, while in style his blades are said to share elements with Kotetsu, the celebrated contemporary whose robust katana his own most resemble. His bond with the test-cutter is the firmest thread of all: among smiths only Kotetsu carries the Yamano family's gold-inlaid cutting inscriptions in comparable density, and the published sources record that on Yasusada the count of Nagahisa's test-cuts is reckoned 「馬徹とほぼ同数かそれを上回ると思われる数」, roughly equal to or exceeding that on Kotetsu. A second generation also signed Yamato-no-kami Yasusada, but its output is extremely scarce, so that the name in practice belongs to the first.

Yasusada's blades survive in the tier, his record carrying no higher designation; the eight blades on official record here are all , seven of them signed and most bearing the Yamano cutting test. Provenance attaches to the test-cutter himself, the gold-inlaid inscriptions of Yamano Kaemon-no-jo Nagahisa, called Eikyu, standing on the reverse of his finest work, with one sword also naming a holder, Ichiha Sanshiro, whom the published sources leave to further research. The eighth-session masterpiece in Akita the calls 「同作中の傑作の一本である」, and of the broad, robust Manji in Kochi it writes 「豪壮な造込みに相応しい出来映えを示した本作は同工の入念且つ会心の一口と言えよう」. A signed Yasusada with its Yamano test-cut intact is not beyond the reach of a serious collector in the way the highest-designated blades are, since most of his record sits in the tradeable and tiers; even so such blades are held more than traded, and a fully documented example, robust in build and carrying Nagahisa's inscription, comes to market only from time to time and stands among the more sought pieces of the - when it does.

Kantei

Edo Ishido: a robust Kanbun-shinto katana of angular notare-gunome over compact ji-nie-rich ko-itame, the nioiguchi shizumi, carrying the Yamano test-cut inscription

Yamato-no-kami Yasusada, surnamed Tomita (read Tonda) and born in Genna 4 (1618), is one of the representative Edo masters of the Kanbun-shinto era, long taken for an Echizen man but shown by recent research to have come from the Kishu Ishido group before settling in Edo by Keian 1. His hand is the robust mid-seventeenth-century sugata of shinogi-zukuri and iori-mune with shallow sori, high shinogi and a sense of funbari, over which he forges a tightly packed ko-itame with thick dust-fine ji-nie and fine chikei; the temper is a notare mixed with gunome whose heads and valleys tend to turn angular, deep in nioi with ko-nie and frequent sunagashi and kinsuji, the nioiguchi often shizumi-gokoro and the boshi sugu or shallow notare to ko-maru with a swept tip. Above all he is the smith of the Yamano cutting-test: the kinzogan setsudan-mei of Yamano Kaemon-no-jo Nagahisa stand on nearly all his finest blades, in numbers the published sources reckon to rival or exceed those on Kotetsu.

Diagnostic discriminators

50% of his works

38% of his works

38% of his works

金象嵌

88% of his works

Observation by phase

Angular notare-gunome (the more numerous type)

his typical signed katana of the Manji maturity, often bearing the Yamano kinzogan cutting-test

Over a tightly forged ko-itame, mokume at times conspicuous and the steel taking on a somewhat blackish tone with a slight hada-dachi tendency, dust-fine ji-nie adheres thickly and fine chikei enter well; the temper is a ko-notare mixed with gunome and ko-gunome whose notare repeatedly turns angular, with somewhat pointed elements, ashi entering, deep nioi and well-adhering nie that grows uneven where coarser nie is mixed in, fine kinsuji and sunagashi running through, and the nioiguchi inclining to shizumi; the boshi is sugu or shallowly notare, rounding with a slightly deep return and a swept tip. The published sources call this the more numerous of his two manners.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

Gunome-led midareba (the less common type)

the more florid, high-tempered o-gunome works, comparatively few

A second manner is a midareba led by gunome, mixed with ko-gunome and pointed elements and at times rising into a large, high-tempered pattern (yaki-daka) of o-gunome; ashi enter, the nioi is deep, coarse nie adheres thickly and evenly, and kinsuji, nie-suji and sunagashi appear abundantly, producing a daring and spirited result. The published sources count this type the fewer of the two, but the angular gunome discernible within it ties it back to the first manner and lets his individuality be read.

Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

The published sources cite the Shinto Bengi, which records a resident of Edo in Bushu signing Yamato-no-kami Yasusada whose work is rough-textured (zanguri) with deep nie and nioi, making notare, suguha and various okame-mon midareba, signing Tomita and belonging to the Ishido group, and elsewhere noting him simply as Yasusada of Kishu.

His manner is read as close to that of Izumi-no-kami Kaneshige and at times to Izumi-no-kami Kanesada, while the Manji era is regarded as his period of full maturity, when many of his most spirited works were made.

In style his work is said to share elements with Kotetsu, and his bond with the test-cutter Yamano Kaemon-no-jo Nagahisa was strong, the gold-inlaid cutting tests on his blades confirmed in numbers the published sources reckon comparable to or exceeding those on Kotetsu.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai—
Jūyō Bijutsuhin—
Gyobutsu—
Tokubetsu Jūyō—
Jūyō Tōken11

Elite Standing

0.08 across 11 designated works

Top 19% among smiths

Provenance

2 documented provenances across certified works by Yasusada

Provenance Standing

0 works held in elite collections across 2 documented provenances

Top 47% among smiths

Raw score: 2.00 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 11 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 11 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

Yasusada
Student
  1. 1.Yasusada安定9designated

Edo Ishido School

Other artisans of the Edo Ishido school

  1. 1.Korekazu是一9 for sale25designated
  2. 2.Yasusada安定9designated
  3. 3.Mitsuhira光平10designated