The Murakami school was established in by Murakami Jochiku (村上如竹), who lived in the Shiba district and was active from the mid through late period, around the Tenmei era (1781--1789). His personal name was initially Nakanori (仲矩), later also Mitsunori (光則); he took the art name Kanshodo (歓笙堂). The consistently record that Jochiku "originally came from the trade of inlay work for stirrups" (abumi ), and subsequently turned to the profession of a kinko metalworker. One source further notes that he apparently established himself without seeking a particular master, suggesting a largely self-directed artistic formation. This background in stirrup inlay proved foundational to the distinctive inlay vocabulary that would define the school. Jochiku gathered a circle of followers, among whom the most prominent was Masanori (正則), traditionally regarded as his younger brother. While most members of the Jochiku group incorporated the character jo (如) in their art names, Masanori was a notable exception, and his signature was cut in (standard script) rather than the cursive forms favored by others in the circle.
The collective style of the Murakami school is defined by mastery of - (applied-motif inlay) and - (flat inlay), executed in bold, large-scale, design-like compositions. The school's preferred ground is the - -- a distinctive crepe-textured stone-grain surface in that recurs across the majority of designated works. A smaller number of pieces employ , and the observe that all such works are notably painstaking in execution. Subject matter draws heavily from the natural world: fish and shellfish -- sea bream (tai), cuttlefish, squid, shark, and whitebait -- as well as insects such as butterflies, dragonflies, and cicadas, and animals including cats and tigers. These motifs are rendered in high-relief inlay (takaniku-) with polychrome in gold, silver, , , and . A defining innovation of the school is the insertion of non-metallic materials -- mother-of-pearl (), coral, lacquer, and glass -- into portions of these compositions, "in a manner reminiscent of embedded elements in lacquerwork," thereby heightening the coloristic effect and pursuing visual variety. The treatment of eyes is a particular signature: shell inlaid within orbs, sometimes covered with glass, and in the celebrated tiger subjects, crystal (suisho) set to produce a piercing gaze. The rusu-moyo ("absence pattern") -- wherein the attributes of Ebisu or Daikoku are depicted without the figure itself, inviting the viewer to imagine the concealed protagonist -- constitutes a major thematic current, often embellished with the auspicious character kotobuki (寿) inlaid repeatedly around the rim.
The Murakami school occupies a singular position within the -period tradition by virtue of its intensely individual character and its innovative fusion of metalworking and decorative-arts techniques. The repeatedly characterize Jochiku's manner as "extremely individualistic" and credit him with having "established an innovative new approach" through the combination of large-scale - with materials drawn from the lacquer and enamel crafts. His tiger depictions are singled out as a specialty in which "the rendering of the fur and the keen, piercing gaze" impart "a vivid sense of life," and his inlay is praised as a domain in which "he allows no rival craftsmen to surpass him." Works on Chinese literary themes -- Zhuge Liang Kongming and the warrior-god Guan Yu -- demonstrate the school's command of figural subjects rendered with "forceful chiselwork" and "skillful deployment of colored metals" that is "far beyond the reach of ordinary artisans." Masanori, the leading figure of the circle after the master himself, produced work whose "daring composition and forceful chisel handling demonstrate an accomplishment no less impressive than that of his elder brother." The school's designated corpus reveals an atelier that pursued a distinctly craft-oriented decorative beauty -- bridging metalwork, lacquer arts, and glass -- while maintaining the commanding boldness of design and technical precision that the recognizes as Jochiku's enduring legacy.