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Overview·Kantei·Designations·Blade Forms·Signatures·Lineage·School
OverviewKanteiDesignationsBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Uda
  3. Uda
  4. Kunihisa

Uda Kunihisa

國久

Jūyō
Vol. 50, No. 56 · Tantō

Uda Kunihisa

國久

10 ranked works

ProvinceEtchuEraOei (1394–1428)PeriodMuromachiSchoolUdaTraditionWakimonoGeneration1stFujishiroChu-jo sakuToko Taikan400(top 37%)TypeSwordsmithCodeKUN254
10Jūyō Tōken

Overview

Uda Kunihisa is the Ōei-era hand of the Uda school, the line the reference registers carry from Ko-Nyūdō Kunimitsu, the monk-smith who migrated from Uda District in Yamato to at the close of the period and whose name flourished into the late . The records Kunihisa as the son of Kunifusa, in another reading the son of Kunimune, gives him the studio name Uemon Saburō, and dates the first generation to Ōei, the name then continuing for several generations through the Hōtoku and Bunmei eras toward the end of . Of that long line he is the one hand the published sources treat as typical of the school and read against its founder. His work survives signed, a thing rare among Uda smiths, and the body of it is the long early- , broad for its length and with little or no curvature, that the school favored over the and it seldom made, joined by a few , a , and even a great spear. One of his blades carries a date of Ōei 7, which the judges hold to predate even the recorded examples of the line, calling it the earliest of all and "a valuable document, and besides of fine make" (資料的にも貴重であり、かつ出来が優れている).

Kunihisa is read first off the steel, for his temper is the school idiom and it is the that carries him. On the calmer blades he forges an that runs and stands, flowing slightly toward , the steel turning whitish so that a or a faint stands in the , with throughout. Over it he tempers a or a -toned line, opening shallowly into with pointed and mixed in, entering, the drawn tight, well adhered, and along the the Yamato activity of and that names the school's old province. The published sources call exactly this combination, a whitish standing under a tight , the very type of the Uda hand, and on one signed of just this make they write that "this is precisely that type, and the make is good" (まさにその典型であり、出来がよい). Through the run , which lie on nearly every surviving blade, and through most, the activity that holds steady whether the temper is calm or roused.

The second manner the sources draw from him is the -leaning one, which they trace to Kunifusa's study under Norishige, granting that much Uda work of this period calls the tradition to mind while holding that none is of pure construction. On the dated Ōei 7 the is an with moku and entering, the temper a shallow mixed with , applied and running, and the judges read it plainly as -leaning. In this register the body broadens, the thickens and grows at times coarse, , and run more freely, and on the finest blades a round, luminous scatters through the . The turns , the tip pointed or pushed up, the turnback long and at times deep. A -laden Kunihisa blade reads as at first glance, and the published sources return it to Uda by the steel, the dark, whitish and the that holds rather than glows.

Beyond the school formulas the sources name what is Kunihisa's own, and it is a quality of rather than a new shape. His finest and are a so well forged and compacted that the steel turns refined and bright, laid on densely and at times dust-fine as , a darkish and whitish with a faint . Through the runs the round, luminous the school calls its own, the and alike clear, and on one such blade the judges find "in the well-forged, refined surface, Kunihisa's individuality can be seen" (国久の個性が着て取れる), naming the piece "an outstanding work among the finest" (屈指の優品である). The Uda , they note in passing, runs to two kinds, one that stands and one that compacts and gathers abundant ; Kunihisa is read on the side that gathers and refines. His blades are otherwise plain in their fittings, a or run out on the spear and the , and a carved on others, the carving kept simple beneath the working of the steel.

What distinguishes Kunihisa within the late Uda line is the brightness of that refined steel, which the sources read toward Yamashiro rather than toward his own school's duller hands. On a whose construction stands high in the and runs to a with and and a , they call the manner Yamato in temperament and "a work showing the characteristics of Uda" (宇多物の特色を示した一口である). On his best and , where the tightens and the bright round gathers, they go further, writing that the blade "calls Kunimitsu and Kunitsugu to mind at a glance, a fine work of Kunihisa" (一見来国光・国次らを髣髴とさせる、国久の秀作である), and of another that it is "of a make all but mistakable for Kunimitsu or Kunitsugu" (来国光や国次に紛れんばかりの出来映え). His own and standing set him apart from the Yamashiro hands he approaches, and his refinement sets him apart from the plainer Uda smiths around him; the verdict in every case rests on the steel, not on the temper.

For the collector Kunihisa is a soundly recorded provincial name rather than a famous one. He has no National Treasures and no Important Cultural Properties; his record runs entirely through the rank, where ten of his blades are held, the Tōkō Taikan rating him at four hundred and the Fujishiro registers placing him at chū-jō , a competent middle-upper hand. Of his blades whose present whereabouts are recorded, several rest with shrines and a museum, among them Yasukuni Jinja, the Kunōzan Tōshōgū and the Suiboku Museum, the kind of long, settled holding that keeps most designated work off the market. With ten blades on record and most of them held rather than traded, a signed Uda Kunihisa comes to a private collector only from time to time, and with patience; when one does, it is a clear window onto how the northern Uda forged at its Ōei height, the moment the school's steel ran bright enough to be taken, for an instant, for .

Kantei

one signed hand read in two manners: the Yamato root, a standing itame turning whitish under a shirake-utsuri with chū-suguha or calm gunome and the Yamato hataraki; and the Sōshū-leaning manner of shallow notare with gunome, deeper nioi, thicker nie, kinsuji and sunagashi, traced to Kunifusa under Norishige. His own tell across both is a finely compacted, well-forged ko-itame thick with ji-nie carrying round luminous nie, a refinement read toward Rai Kunimitsu while the dark whitish northern jigane holds the verdict at Uda.

Uda Kunihisa is the Ōei-era hand of the Uda school, the line founded by Ko-Nyūdō Kunimitsu who migrated from Uda District in Yamato to in the late period and flourished into the late . The reference registers () record him as the son of Kunifusa, also given as the son of Kunimune, with the studio name Uemon Saburō, the first generation dated to Ōei and the name continuing for several generations to the Bunmei era and on toward the end of . He is the one Uda smith the published sources call typical of the school and read against its own founder: signed work survives, almost all of it the long, wide-bodied early- with little or no curvature he is known for, and a few , and even a great spear. The published sources read him in two manners. The first is the Yamato root the school never lost, an standing and flowing toward , the steel turning whitish with a , over which sits a or a calm -mixed temper with a tight, bright and . The second is a -leaning manner traced to Kunifusa's study under Norishige, the temper opening into a shallow with , deeper in , the thicker and at times coarse, with and running through it. What the published sources return to as his own is a well-forged, finely compacted thick with , carrying round, luminous the school calls its own, a refinement clear enough that they read his best work as approaching Kunimitsu and Kunitsugu while the dark, whitish northern keeps the verdict at Uda.

Diagnostic discriminators

unique vs general late-Uda baseline

Observation by phase

The Yamato root (chū-suguha, shirake-utsuri, Yamato hataraki)

The Uda school came from Yamato, and the published sources hold that Kunihisa's work naturally keeps a Yamato temperament. In this manner the is an that runs and stands, slightly flowing toward , the steel turning whitish so that a or a stands faintly, adhering throughout. Over it the temper is a or -toned line, opening shallowly into notare with pointed and small mixed in, entering, the tight and the well applied, with and a frayed along the that name the Yamato hand. The runs straight to a or sweeps into a -brushed tip, at times burning to a . The published sources call this calm, tightly-'d with whitish steel the very type of the school, the face that reads as the more archaic, Yamato-leaning Uda.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The Sōshū-leaning manner (after Norishige)

The second manner is the -leaning one the published sources trace to Uda Kunifusa, said to have studied under Norishige. On the dated of Ōei 7 they read a shallow mixed with , applied and running, and call it -leaning outright. In this manner the is an mixed with , thick and entering, while the temper opens into notare and deeper in , the thickly applied and sometimes coarse, with , and running freely and at times a round coarse scattered through the . The turns , the tip pointed or pushed up, the turnback long and at times deep. The published sources grant that much Uda work of this period recalls the tradition while holding that none is of pure construction, so a -laden Kunihisa blade is read as at first glance and then returned to Uda by its .

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

His own hand (refined ko-itame, round luminous nie, toward Rai Kunimitsu)

Beyond the school formulas the published sources name what is Kunihisa's own. His finest blades are a small so well forged and compacted that the steel turns refined and bright, laid on densely and at times dust-fine as , a darkish whitish ground with a faint . Through the runs a round, luminous the sources call the school's own and especially clear on his work, the and alike bright and clear. They read this refinement, on his best and , as approaching Kunimitsu and Kunitsugu, calling one piece all but mistakable for them, and praise the well-forged as showing Kunihisa's individuality. It is a quality of steel, not a new shape, that distinguishes him within the late Uda line.

Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Scholarship

The published sources record Kunihisa from the meikan as the son of Kunifusa, also given as the son of Kunimune, with the studio name Uemon Saburō, the first generation dated to Ōei and the same name continuing for several generations to the end of Muromachi; they note that the Uda hands favor the tantō, that tachi and uchigatana are few, and that his steel is the standing whitish itame with ji-nie general to the school over a tight, ko-nie suguha-toned temper.

On the Sōshū connection the published sources hold that Uda Kunifusa is traditionally said to have studied under Etchū Norishige, so that Sōshū-leaning works exist in the line alongside the Yamato-temperament majority, while reading Kunihisa's most refined blades as approaching Rai Kunimitsu and Kunitsugu, a refinement of jigane that is his own.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai—
Jūyō Bijutsuhin—
Gyobutsu—
Tokubetsu Jūyō—
Jūyō Tōken10

Elite Standing

0.07 across 10 designated works

Top 20% among smiths

Blade Forms

Distribution across 10 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 10 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

Kunihisa
Student
  1. 1.Kunihisa國久

Uda School

Other artisans of the Uda school

  1. 1.Kunimune國宗6designated
  2. 2.Kunitsugu國次3designated
  3. 3.Tomotsugu友次3designated
  4. 4.Kunimune國宗1 for sale3designated
  5. 5.Kunifusa國房3designated
  6. 6.Kuniyoshi國吉1 for sale1designated
  7. 7.Kuninaga國長2designated
  8. 8.Moriyoshi守吉1designated
  9. 9.Hirakuni平國1designated
  10. 10.Tomohisa友久1designated
  11. 11.Kunitsugu國次1designated
  12. 12.Kunikiyo國清2 for sale1designated